Repositório Institucional - Unifesp :: Navegando por Palavras-chave "central nervous system"

Navegando por Palavras-chave "central nervous system"

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Angeíte isolada do sistema nervoso central em paciente com síndrome mielodisplásica: relato de caso
(Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO, 2004-06-01) Silva, Gisele Sampaio [UNIFESP]; Siqueira Neto, José Ibiapina; Frota, Norberto Anísio Ferreira; Martins, Gabriela Joca; Castro, José Daniel Vieira De; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Ceara; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal do Ceara Hospital das Clínicas; Universidade Federal do Ceará
Isolated central nervous system (CNS) angiitis are vasculitides of undetermined etiology in which only nervous system vessels are affected. In most cases there is no associated systemic disease. We report the case of a 67 years old man with previous hematologic diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome who developed an isolated CNS angiitis.
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Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and expression in rat central nervous system after sleep deprivation
(Walter de Gruyter & Co, 2011-04-01) Visniauskas, Bruna [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Vitor [UNIFESP]; Carmona, Adriana K. [UNIFESP]; D'Almeida, Vania [UNIFESP]; Melo, Robson L. de; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Chagas, Jair R. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Butantan Inst
Proteases are essential either for the release of neuropeptides from active or inactive proteins or for their inactivation. Neuropeptides have a fundamental role in sleep-wake cycle regulation and their actions are also likely to be regulated by proteolytic processing. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer substrates, specific protease inhibitors and real-time PCR we demonstrate changes in angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) expression and proteolytic activity in the central nervous system in an animal model of paradoxical sleep deprivation during 96 h (PSD). Male rats were distributed into five groups (PSD, 24 h, 48 h and 96 h of sleep recovery after PSD and control). ACE activity and mRNA levels were measured in hypothalamus, hippocampus, brainstem, cerebral cortex and striatum tissue extracts. in the hypothalamus, the significant decrease in activity and mRNA levels, after PSD, was only totally reversed after 96 h of sleep recovery. in the brainstem and hippocampus, although significant, changes in mRNA do not parallel changes in ACE specific activity. Changes in ACE activity could affect angiotensin II generation, angiotensin 1-7, bradykinin and opioid peptides metabolism. ACE expression and activity modifications are likely related to some of the physiological changes (cardiovascular, stress, cognition, metabolism function, water and energy balance) observed during and after sleep deprivation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da função barorreflexa em ratos jovens espontaneamente hipertensos
(Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC, 2009-03-01) Valenti, Vitor Engrácia [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Celso [UNIFESP]; Meneghini, Adriano; Ferreira, Marcelo; Murad, Neif; Ferreira Filho, Celso [UNIFESP]; Correa, João Antônio; Abreu, Luiz Carlos de; Colombari, Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Faculdade de Medicina do ABC
BACKGROUND: The literature describes contradictory data regarding the onset of the baroreflex reduction in spontaneously hypertensive rats. OBJECTIVE:This investigation was undertaken to evaluate the baroreflex function in 13-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats. METHODS:Male Wistar Kyoto (n=15) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (n=15) aged 13 weeks were studied. Cannulas were inserted in the abdominal aortic artery through the right femoral artery to measure mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Baroreflex function was calculated as the derivative of the variation of HR in function of the MAP variation (Δheart rate/Δmean arterial pressure) tested with a depressor dose of sodium nitroprusside (50µg/kg) and with a pressor dose of phenylephrine (8µg/kg) in the right femoral venous approach through an inserted cannula in awake spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto. Differences with p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS:Spontaneously hypertensive rats: Δmean arterial pressure=43.5mmHg±5.2, Δheart rate=-59.7ppm±17.9 and Δheart rate/Δmean arterial pressure=1.3ppm/mmHg±0.1 tested with phenylephrine; Wistar Kyoto: Δmean arterial pressure=&56mmHg±3, Δheart rate=*-114.9ppm±11.3 and Δheart rate/Δmean arterial pressure=#1.9ppm/mmHg±0.3 tested with phenylephrine; spontaneously hypertensive rats: Δmean arterial pressure=-45.6mmHg±8.1, Δheart rate=40.1ppm±11.6 and Δheart rate/Δmean arterial pressure=0.9ppm/mmHg±0.5 tested with sodium nitroprusside; Wistar Kyoto: Δmean arterial pressure=-39.8mmHg±6.2, Δheart rate=51.9ppm±21.8 and Δheart rate/Δmean arterial pressure=1.4ppm/mmHg±0.7 tested with sodium nitroprusside (*p<0.05; #p<0.01; &p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results showed that 13-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats presented reduced baroreflex function when tested with phenylephrine.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
The brain-heart connection: Implications for understanding sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
(Via Medica, 2009-09-01) Scorza, Fulvio Alexandre [UNIFESP]; Arida, Ricardo Mario [UNIFESP]; Cysneiros, Roberta Monterazzo [UNIFESP]; Terra, Vera C.; Sonoda, Eliza Yumi de Freitas [UNIFESP]; Albuquerque, Marly de [UNIFESP]; Cavalheiro, Esper Abrão [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Presbiteriana Mackenzie; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Epilepsy is one of the commonest neurological problems worldwide. Approximately 3% of the general population will suffer from epilepsy at some point in their lives. Unfortunately, individuals with epilepsy are at a higher risk of death than the general population, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the most important direct epilepsy-related cause of death. Information concerning risk factors for SUDEP is conflicting, but potential risk factors include young age, early onset of epilepsy, duration of epilepsy, uncontrolled seizures, seizure frequency, antiepileptic drug number and winter temperatures. Although the cause of SUDEP is still unknown, its most commonly suggested mechanisms are cardiac abnormalities during and between seizures. As the anatomical substrate of epileptic activity in the central nervous system shows a direct relation to cardiovascular alterations, this may suggest that patients with epilepsy associated with focal central nervous system lesions may face a particular risk of SUDEP. Currently, experimental and clinical data supports the importance of specific brain structures in the behavioural manifestation, the initiation and the propagation of seizures. Regarding the above findings, our research group focused on this review article that S UDEP could be related to the occurrence of specific brain structure dysfunction or anatomical change, at least in some cases. (Cardiol J 2009; 16, 5: 394-399)
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Brazilian plants with possible action on the central nervous system - A study of historical sources from the 16th to 19th century
(Elsevier B.V., 2007-01-19) Giorgetti, Melina [UNIFESP]; Negri, Giuseppina [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Eliana [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Brazil is a country rich in biodiversity, endemism, and cultural diversity, inhabited by different types of population. European expeditions and the migratory processes that began in the 16th century greatly contributed both to cultural diversity and to Brazilian popular therapeutics, and produced the first records on medicinal plants in Brazil. This study comprises a bibliographical survey of historic books found in São Paulo libraries (16th through 19th centuries) on medicinal plants exerting effects on the central nervous system (CNS). Thirty-four plants native to Brazil were selected from the reading of the books. of these 34 plants, 13 were also recorded in ethnopharmacological studies among modern Brazilian communities and 16 have been studied phytochernically. Only eight have been the object of pharmacological studies, six of these, recently, with a request for a patent. Results showed that most of the species recorded in this study have been reported as medicinal for centuries, but have never been the object of pharmacological investigation down to the present time. Such results provide ideas for a selection of these species as potentially bioactive to be included in future pharmacological studies. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Carbon monoxide: from toxin to endogenous modulator of cardiovascular functions
(Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 1999-01-01) Johnson, Robert A. [UNIFESP]; Kozma, Fruzsina; Colombari, Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Semmelweis University of Medicine
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a pollutant commonly recognized for its toxicological attributes, including CNS and cardiovascular effects. But CO is also formed endogenously in mammalian tissues. Endogenously formed CO normally arises from heme degradation in a reaction catalyzed by heme oxygenase. While inhibitors of endogenous CO production can raise arterial pressure, heme loading can enhance CO production and lead to vasodepression. Both central and peripheral tissues possess heme oxygenases and generate CO from heme, but the inability of heme substrate to cross the blood brain barrier suggests the CNS heme-heme oxygenase-CO system may be independent of the periphery. In the CNS, CO apparently acts in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) promoting changes in glutamatergic neurotransmission and lowering blood pressure. At the periphery, the heme-heme oxygenase-CO system can affect cardiovascular functions in a two-fold manner; specifically: 1) heme-derived CO generated within vascular smooth muscle (VSM) can promote vasodilation, but 2) its actions on the endothelium apparently can promote vasoconstriction. Thus, it seems reasonable that the CNS-, VSM- and endothelial-dependent actions of the heme-heme oxygenase-CO system may all affect cardiac output and vascular resistance, and subsequently blood pressure.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Central nervous system paracoccidioidomycosis: analysis os 13 cases
(Assoc Arquivos de Neuro- Psiquiatria, 2006-06-01) Fagundes-Pereyra, Walter J. [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Gervasio Teles Cardoso; Góes, Alfredo de Miranda; Silva, Francisco das Chagas Lima e; Sousa, Atos Alves de; Clin Neurol & Neurocirurgia Santa Casa Belo Horiz; Mestre Med Santa Casa Belo Horizonte; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Serv Neurocirurg Santa Casa; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG); Programa Pos Grad Santa Casa
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic granulomatous disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, prevalent in Latin America, particularly in Brazil. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement occur in about 10% of cases. Thirteen patients with PCM involving CNS were studied considering clinical manifestation, neuroradiology and treatment modalities. Age ranged from 30 to 71 years-old (M=47.1 +/- 11.6 Me=46). There were eleven men and two women. the most frequent symptoms were motor deficits (53.8%), cognitive disturbance (53.8%), weight loss (46.1%), headaches (46.1%) and seizures (46.1%). the diagnosis was confirmed by the demonstration of P. brasiliensis. Granulomatous forms were present in all patients. Four (30.8%) of them had also meningeal involvement (mixed form). Computerized tomography (CT) scans were obtained in all cases and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used in one case. Serology for HIV was done in ten patients (76.9%), and all the tests were negatives. Amphotericin B was used in twelve patients (92.3%), one of them by intraventricular infusion. in eight patients (61.5%), trimethopim and sulfamethoxazole were used, and, in two (15.4%), sulfadiazine and pirimetamine. Fluconazole, ketoconazole and itraconazole were each one used in a different patient as well. Six patients died (46.1%) and seven (53.9%) had satisfatory outcome. the follow-up period ranged from 2 to 74 (M=30.9) months. in conclusion, the CNS involvement in paracoccidioidomycosis is more frequent and more serious than thought before. the clinical manifestations, CT scans and MRI findings are not specific of paracoccidioidomycosis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Essential oils found in the smoke of tira-capeta, a cigarette used by some quilombolas living in pantanal wetlands of Brazil
(Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2010-07-01) Negri, Giuseppina [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Eliana [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
An ethnopharmacological survey developed among quilombolas living in Sesmaria Mata-Cavalos, in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil; a cigarette known as tira-capeta (removing-the-devil), had been cited mainly to improve memory and cognition, and also showed other therapeutical indications, such as: against sinusitis, to avoid cold, to relieve sleep problems. The purpose of the present study was carried out a screening of essential oils delivered in the heating of plants used to produce the tira-capeta cigarette, using a simple, rapid and solvent-free method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and headspace solid-phase microextraction. The principal essential oils found were 1,8 cineole, camphor and α-pinene. In the tentative to correlate these constituents with therapeutical indications reported by the quilombolas, were found some works carried out by many authors that corroborated the therapeutical indications reported by the quilombolas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Líquido cefalorraquiano no diagnóstico de metástase cérebro-meníngea de melanoma maligno derivado de nevo melanocítico gigante congênito: relato de caso
(Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO, 1996-09-01) Rolim, José Augusto B. [UNIFESP]; Barsottini, Orlando Graziani Povoas [UNIFESP]; Prado, Gilmar Fernandes do [UNIFESP]; Nakandakare, Fernando [UNIFESP]; Reis, Maria L. A. A. [UNIFESP]; Reis-Filho, J. B. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
We describe the case of a 28-year-old man with a giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN) with malignant transformation to melanoma and metastasis on the central nervous system (CNS). We also make a summary of the pathological features from both lesions(GCMN and melanoma), the occurrence of malignancy of GCMN, the organs more frequently involved with metastatic melanoma - with emphasis to involvement of CNS -just as the factors that cause malignant transformation of GCMN; the methods to diagnose metastases in CNS - emphasizing the importance of cerebrospinal fluid - and some therapeutical modalities for the metastatic melanoma in CNS.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Neurological complications of solid organ transplantation
(Assoc Arquivos Neuro- Psiquiatria, 2017) Pedroso, Jose Luiz [UNIFESP]; Dutra, Livia Almeida [UNIFESP]; Braga-Neto, Pedro; Abrahao, Agessandro [UNIFESP]; Clares de Andrade, Joao Brainer [UNIFESP]; da Silva, Gabriel Lopes [UNIFESP]; Viana, Laila Almeida [UNIFESP]; Medina Pestana, Jose Osmar [UNIFESP]; Barsottini, Orlando G. [UNIFESP]
Solid organ transplantation is a significant development in the treatment of chronic kidney, liver, heart and lung diseases. This therapeutic approach has increased patient survival and improved quality of life. New surgical techniques and immunosuppressive drugs have been developed to achieve better outcomes. However, the variety of neurological complications following solid organ transplantation is broad and carries prognostic significance. Patients may have involvement of the central or peripheral nervous system due to multiple causes that can vary depending on time of onset after the surgical procedure, the transplanted organ, and the intensity and type of immunosuppressive therapy. Neurological manifestations following solid organ transplantation pose a diagnostic challenge to medical specialists despite extensive investigation. This review aimed to provide a practical approach to help neurologists and clinicians assess and manage solid organ transplant patients presenting with acute or chronic neurological manifestations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Neurological contributions from William Osler
(Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO, 2013-04-01) Pedroso, José Luiz; Barsottini, Orlando Graziani Povoas [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
William Osler was one of the most remarkable clinicians worldwide, and his teachings in medical practice remain until the present days. Although Osler had never considered himself a neurologist, he contributed with clinical and pathological descriptions of numerous neurological diseases. He performed more than 800 autopsies studies of the nervous system and published over 200 articles in the field of Neurology. In this article, we described the main neurological contributions from William Osler.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Neuropsychiatric Lupus in clinical practice
(Assoc Arquivos Neuro- Psiquiatria, 2016) Alessi, Helena [UNIFESP]; Dutra, Livia Almeida [UNIFESP]; Braga-Neto, Pedro; Pedroso, Jose Luiz [UNIFESP]; Toso, Fabio Fieni [UNIFESP]; Kayser, Cristiane [UNIFESP]; Barsottini, Orlando Graziani Povoas [UNIFESP]
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease involving multiple organs, characterized by the production of autoantibodies and the development of tissue injury. The etiology of SLE is partially known, involving multiple genetic and environmental factors. As many as 50% of patients with SLE have neurological involvement during the course of their disease. Neurological manifestations are associated with impaired quality of life, and high morbidity and mortality rates. Nineteen neuropsychiatric syndromes have been identified associated with SLE, and can be divided into central and peripheral manifestations. This article reviews major neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with SLE and discusses their clinical features, radiological findings and treatment options.
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Optic nerve infiltration by acute lymphoblastic leukemia: MRI contribution
(Springer, 2005-08-01) Soares, M. D.; Braga, F. T.; Rocha, A. J. da; Lederman, H. M.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Santa Casa Misericordia São Paulo
We describe the clinical presentation and imaging features of a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that was complicated by optic nerve infiltration. the clinical and diagnostic characteristics of this complication must be recognized so that optimal therapy can be started to prevent blindness. MR imaging is useful in early detection and should be performed in any leukemic patient with ocular complaints, even during remission.
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Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors: A Single-center Experience From 1989 to 2009
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011-12-01) Pinho, Ricardo Silva [UNIFESP]; Andreoni, Solange [UNIFESP]; Silva, Nasjla Saba [UNIFESP]; Cappellano, Andrea Maria [UNIFESP]; Masruha, Marcelo Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Cavalheiro, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Pereira Vilanova, Luiz Celso [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiology of primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) in pediatric patients from a Brazilian oncology institute. We retrospectively analyzed 741 charts (415 males and 326 females) of patients under 21 years of age who were diagnosed with a CNS tumor. the analysis included patients from 1989 to 2009 and was performed using the World Health Organization criteria. We evaluated the distribution of age, sex, topography, clinical symptoms, symptom intervals, and classification of the tumors. Patients with clinical/radiologic diagnoses were included. Seven hundred forty-one patients with tumors in the CNS were reviewed, and 83% of the patients presented a histologic diagnosis. Males (56%) were more prevalent than females. in children under the age of 1 year, the supratentorial compartment was the predominant region involved (62.0%). Astrocytoma was the most frequent tumor type (37.0%), followed by medulloblastoma (13.6%), craniopharyngioma (10.5%), and ependymoma (6.8%). Headaches were the most common symptom, and the symptom intervals varied from 1 to 5010 days. Approximately 4% of the patients had associated genetic syndromes. Although it was not a population study and selection bias may have occurred, this study supplies important epidemiologic data from an emerging country in which population studies are rare.
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Plants used by a Quilombola group in Brazil with potential central nervous system effects
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2004-09-01) Rodrigues, E.; Carlini, E. A.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
This study focused on an ethnopharmacological survey among a group of Brazilian Quilombolas (descended from runaway slaves living in hideouts up-country) whose therapeutic practices involve a combination of healing ceremonies and prescription of medicinal plants consisting of the use of, at least, 48 plants with possible effect on the central nervous system (CNS), cited in 53 formulas prescribed for 17 therapeutic indications, the main ones being: to fortify the brain, for insomnia, as a sedative, for insanity, weight loss, and rejuvenation. the formulas consist of one to ten plants, and each plant may be recommended for up to seven different therapeutic indications, with evidence of non-specificity in the use of plants in this culture. of these 48 plants, only 31 could be identified to the species level as belonging to 20 taxonomic families, with the Asteraceae, Malpighiaceae, Cyperaceae, and Myrtaceae as the most important families. Only eleven of these species have been previously studied and appear in scientific literature. Some of these plants are at present under study in the Department of Psychobiology of the Federal University of São Paulo. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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Preliminary investigation of the central nervous system effects of 'Tira-capeta' (Removing the Devil), a cigarette used by some Quilombolas living in Pantanal Wetlands of Brazil
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2008-09-01) Rodrigues, Eliana [UNIFESP]; Gianfratti, Bruno [UNIFESP]; Tabach, Ricardo [UNIFESP]; Negri, Giuseppina [UNIFESP]; Mendes, Fulvio R. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
During an ethnopharmacological survey carried out among some Quilombolas living in Brazil, 48 plants with possible central nervous system (CNS) action were cited. A mixture of nine plants, known as 'Tira-capeta' (Removing the Devil) cigarette, has been utilized for years as a tonic for the brain. the effects observed after consuming this cigarette are: dizziness, lightness sensation, humor changes, yawns, heavy eyes, hunger, sleep and relaxation. This study aimed to verify the effects of a hydroalcohol extract of 'Tira-capeta' cigarette (ETC), as well as to evaluate the phytochemical profile. the phytochemical screening carried out through characterization reactions, thin layer chromatography and high efficiency liquid chromatography indicated the presence of tannins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids; tannins and phenolic acids being the principal constituents. the pharmacological tests showed that ETC induced a biphasic effect, with intense initial stimulation of the CNS, followed by a general depressor state; decreased the latency for sleeping and increased the total sleeping time (50, 100 and 500 mg/kg), without causing prejudice in motor coordination (doses tip to 200 mg/kg); induced catalepsy in mice, verified 10 and 50 min after drug administration (500 mg/kg). Also, no anxiolytic or anxiogenic effects were verified in rats submitted to the elevated plus-maze. Copyright (c) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Primary melanoma of Meckel's cave: case report
(Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO, 2004-06-01) Falavigna, Asdrubal; Borba, Luis A. B.; Ferraz, Fernando Antonio Patriani [UNIFESP]; Almeida, Giovana Camargo De; Krindges Júnior, José Valentim; Fundação Universidade de Caxias do Sul; Evangélica Medical School; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de Caxias do Sul Faculdade de Medicina
We present a case of trigeminal neuralgia with cranial normal magnetic resonance image (MRI) and computed tomography. The pain was not relieved by carbamazepine and microvascular decompression surgery was done. After two months the pain was similar to the condition before surgery. At this time, MRI showed an expansive lesion in Meckel's cave that was treated with radical resection by extra-dural approach. The pathologic examination revealed a primary melanoma. The follow-up after six months did not show abnormalities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prognostic factors predicting a fatal outcome in HIV-negative children with neurotuberculosis
(Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO, 2010-10-01) Rodrigues, Murilo Gimenes [UNIFESP]; Lin, Jaime [UNIFESP]; Masruha, Marcelo Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Vilanova, Luiz Celso Pereira [UNIFESP]; Minett, Thaís Soares Cianciarullo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
OBJECTIVE: To identify prognostic factors predicting a fatal outcome in HIV-negative children with neurotuberculosis based on clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory findings. METHOD: The clinical records of all in-patients diagnosed with neurotuberculosis from 1982 to 2005 were evaluated retrospectively. The following prognostic parameters were examined: gender, age, close contact with a tuberculosis-infected individual, vaccination for bacillus Calmette-Guérin, purified protein derivative (PPD) of tuberculin results, concomitant miliary tuberculosis, seizures, CSF results, and hydrocephalus. RESULTS: One hundred forty-one patients diagnosed with neurotuberculosis were included. Seventeen percent of the cases resulted in death. The factors that were correlated with a negative outcome included lack of contact with a tuberculosis-infected individual, negative PPD reaction, coma, and longer hospitalisation time. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify which of these factors most often resulted in death. CONCLUSION: Coma at diagnosis, lack of tuberculosis contact, and a non-reactive PPD were the most important predictors of fatality in patients with neurotuberculosis
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Ritual use of plants with possible action on the central nervous system by the Kraho Indians, Brazil
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2005-02-01) Rodrigues, E.; Carlini, E. A.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
The aim of the present study was to document the use of plants, probably acting on the central nervous system (CNS), in rituals carried out by the Kraho Indians, who occupy the cerrado biome in the central region of Brazil. the 2 years of fieldwork were guided by methods of anthropology and botany. the local shamans have indicated 286 formulas, consisting of 138 plant species in 51) uses that could be associated with some type of action on the CNS; of which 98 formulas, 87 plants and 25 uses, appear to involve psychoactive properties, such as: U get slow', 'stimulant effect', 'to calm down', 'to enhance memory', 'to reduce anxiety' and 'to induce sleep'. Phytochemical and pharmacological literature data were queried to establish any correlation between indigenous knowledge and scientific indications, for each one of the 138 plant species. Studies were available for 11 of these plants; and for two of them, scientific data coincided with indigenous information. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Surgical Treatment Alone of Cerebral Aspergillosis in Immunocompetent Patient
(Thieme Medical Publ Inc, 2016) Beraldo, Daniel [UNIFESP]; Guerra, Ramon; Alvarenga, Vinicius; Crepaldi, Leticia
Aspergillosis is a disease that predominantly affects immunocompromised patients. The incidence in immunocompetents is rare, and manifestation is generally pulmonary. Few reports in the literature refer to isolated cerebral aspergillosis in individuals with no chronic comorbidities. We describe a case of a 59-year-old rural worker without previous pathologies who had a partial convulsive crisis in a subtle form, with self-limiting and non recurrent secondary generalization. Diagnostic investigation demonstrated a sub cortical tumorlike lesion in the right precentral gyrus by nuclear magnetic resonance that allowed en bloc microsurgical resection, with histopathologic findings indicating cerebral aspergillosis. Because of the delay in obtaining the result of the biopsy due to technical difficulties with analysis, the diagnosis was delayed. The patient was clinically stable, with imaging without modifications and with negative serologic tests, so it was decided to follow the patient without antifungal therapy, which was successful. This was a case of isolated cerebral aspergillosis in an immunocompetent individual who was successfully treated by complete resection of the lesion alone, without combined antifungal therapy.

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