Navegando por Palavras-chave "breast"

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    Bcl-2 oncogene expression in estrogen receptor-positive and negative breast carcinoma
    (I R O G Canada, Inc, 2008-01-01) Santos, L. G. dos; Lopes-Costa, P. V.; Santos, A. R. dos; Facina, Gil [UNIFESP]; Silva, B. B. da; Univ Fed Piaui; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate Bcl-2 oncogene expression in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and negative breast carcinomas. Methods: A Study involving 72 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast in postmenopausal women divided into two groups: Group A (ER positive, n = 37) and Group B (ER negative, n = 35). Immunohistochemical analysis of bcl-2 expression was carried out semiquantitatively based on the percentage of stained tumoral cells and the intensity of staining. The chi-square test was used in the statistical analysis of the data and significance was established at p < 0.05. Results: Bcl-2 oncogene expression was statistically greater in tumors of Group A (59.5%) compared to those of Group B (8.6%), (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Bcl-2 had a significantly greater expression in the ER-positive breast tumors compared to ER-negative tumors.
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    Effect of a half dose of tamoxifen on proliferative activity in normal breast tissue
    (Elsevier B.V., 1999-10-01) Bernardes, JRM; Nonogaki, S.; Seixas, M. T.; Lima, G. R. de; Baracat, E. C.; Gebrim, L. H.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objectives: To investigate the proliferative activity of the mammary gland epithelium and plasma levels of progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in premenopausal women treated with 10 and 20 mg of tamoxifen (TAM) for 22 days. Patients and methods: A randomized double-blind study was performed with 43 premenopausal women with a diagnosis of fibroadenoma of the breast. the patients were divided into three groups: A (n = 15, placebo); B (n = 15, TAM 10 mg/day) and C (n = 13, TAM 20 mg/day). They started taking an oral dose of TAM or placebo on the very first day of the menstrual cycle. Lumpectomy was performed on the 22nd day of therapy. Normal breast tissue samples were collected during surgery, immediately immersed in 10% buffered formalin, processed for routine histology and immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) detection. Two peripheral blood samples were collected, both on the 22nd day of the menstrual cycle, in order to evaluate the hormone levels. PCNA expressing epithelial cells were quantified by using a digital program Kontron Image System KS-300 in 1000 cells (400 x). Results: the percentage of cells expressing PCNA was significantly higher in the group receiving placebo (group A, 50.3%) when compared to groups receiving TAM 10 or 20 mg/day (group B, 24.1%; and group C, 23.2%, respectively) (P < 0.001). Differences between groups B and C were not significant. Levels of progesterone, estradiol and SHBG were significantly higher in B and C groups compared to group A. Increasing concentrations of FSH (P < 0.0045) and lower levels of prolactin (P < 0.0055) were only found in the group receiving 20 mg/day of TAM (group C). Conclusions: A 22-day TAM therapy, either with 10 or 20 mg/day, significantly reduced the PCNA expression and therefore the proliferative activity of the normal human breast tissue. Increasing levels of estradiol, progesterone and SHBG were associated with TAM therapy at 10 or 20 mg/day. However, a significant change of the level of FSH and prolactin was reached only with a 20-mg/day dose. (C) 1999 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
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    Effects of raloxifene on normal breast tissue from premenopausal women
    (Springer, 2006-01-01) Silva, B. B. da; Lopes, LMRS; Gebrim, L. H.; Fed Univ Piaui; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of raloxifene oil normal breast tissue. A randomized, doubleblind study was carried out in 30 ovulatory, premenopausal women of 18-40 years of age, who had been diagnosed with fibroadenoma of the breast. the patients were divided into two groups: Group A (placebo, n = 16) and Group B (raloxifene 60 mg, n= 14). the medication was given for 22 days, beginning on the first day of the menstrual cycle. An excisional biopsy was carried out on the 23rd day during which a sample of normal breast tissue was collected to evaluate the presence of the proliferating cell marker Ki-67. Student's /-test was used for the statistical analysis of data (p < 0.05). Mean percentage of stained nuclei in groups A and B was 10.96 +/- 1.27 and 1.21 +/- 0.26, respectively (p < 0.001). Raloxifene significantly reduced the proliferative activity of normal breast tissue in premenopausal women.
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    Effects of tamoxifen on the breast in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
    (Elsevier B.V., 1998-07-01) Uehara, J.; Nazario, ACP; Lima, G. R. de; Simoes, M. J.; Juliano, Y.; Gebrim, L. H.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objectives: the effect of tamoxifen on cyclic mastalgia and on chemoprophylaxis against breast cancer is little known, mainly due to the difficulties in studying the normal human gland. We proposed to evaluate the mitotic index and the nuclear volume of the lobule of women medicated with tamoxifen only during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in order to observe the effect of tamoxifen on the normal human mammary gland. Methods: Twenty-four premenopausal women with fibroadenoma diagnosed via biopsy were studied. the phase of the cycle was determined by the date of menstruation and serum progesterone level in the luteal phase (greater than or equal to 3 ng/ml). the patients admitted to the study and were given written informed consent to participate in the investigation, which was previously approved of by the hospital Ethics Committee. Patients were divided at random into two groups: Group I consisted of 12 untreated women (control) and Group II consisted of 12 patients treated with 20 mg/day tamoxifen for 10 consecutive days beginning on the 13th day of the menstrual cycle. in both groups, the patients were submitted to biopsies of the nodule and of a 1-cm(3) fragment of adjacent mammary parenchyma between the 23rd and 26th day of the cycle. the mitotic index (number of mitoses/1000 nuclei counted) and mean nuclear volume (mean of 10 nuclear volumes for each case) were measured. Results: No mitosis was observed in Group II. There was a reduction in the mean nuclear volume in Group II (Mann-Whitney test). Conclusions: Tamoxifen, when administered only during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, significantly reduces the nuclear volume and mitotic activity of the epithelium. This data demonstrates an antagonistic action of tamoxifen on estrogen even when administered for short periods of time. (C) 1998 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
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    Estrogenic activity of tamoxifen on normal mammary parenchyma in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
    (Elsevier B.V., 1997-01-01) Facina, G.; deLima, G. R.; Simoes, M. J.; Novo, N. F.; Gebrim, L. H.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objectives: Tamoxifen, an anti-estrogenic drug used in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer, deserves more investigation for the determination of its efficacy as a prophylactic agent against breast cancer in high risk women. Thus, the action of tamoxifen on the human mammary gland was studied by measuring the number of lysosomes in normal mammary epithelium during the administration of tamoxifen. Methods: Tamoxifen was administered only during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle to avoid interference with corpus luteum formation. A fragment of breast tissue adjacent to a fibroadenoma was obtained during surgery from 35 premenopausal women aged 15 to 37 years who had been eumenorrheic for at least 6 months; 18 of these patients were treated with tamoxifen and 17 were used as controls. Lysosome counts were performed under the light microscope on slides submitted to the acid phosphatase cytochemical technique and the data were analyzed statistically by the Mann-Whitney test. Results: the fragments from the group treated with tamoxifen showed a significant decrease in lysosome numbers. Conclusions. Tamoxifen administered after ovulation significantly decreases the number of lysosomes in the cells of normal mammary epithelium, demonstrating the antiestrogenic effect of the drug on this target tissue. (C) 1997 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
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    Immunohistochemical Expression of E-cadherin in Sclerosing Adenosis, Ductal Carcinoma in Situ and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2010-04-01) Facina, Gil [UNIFESP]; Lopes-Costa, Pedro Vitor; Dos Santos, Alesse Ribeiro; De Vasconcelos-Valenca, Rodrigo Jose; Pinho-Sobral, Andre Luis; Ferreira-Filho, Celso Fires; Alencar, Airlane Pereira; Gebrim, Luiz Henrique [UNIFESP]; Da Silva, Benedito Borges; Univ Fed Piaui; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    E-cadherin (EC) is an important glycoprotein cell-adhesion molecule that appears to play a significant role in the progression of breast lesions. the objective of this study was to evaluate EC expression in sclerosing adenosis, ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma. Samples of breast lesions from 44 women were used in this study, comprising cases of sclerosing adenosis (n = 11), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n = 10) and invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 23). Immunohistochemical evaluation of EC expression was assessed semiquantitatively and considered negative (<10% of cells with stained cytoplasmic membranes), positive+ (10-50% of cells stained) or positive++ (> 50% of cells stained). Fisher's exact test was used to compare the distribution of staining intensity in the lesions (P < 0.05). There was a progressive loss of EC expression from benign to malignant lesions. This difference was statistically significant when sclerosing adenosis was compared with DCIS (P < 0.0002), when sclerosing adenosis was compared with invasive ductal carcinoma (P < 0.008) and when DCIS was compared with invasive ductal carcinoma (P < 0.007). the present findings point to a significant association between reduced EC expression and the progression and aggressivity of breast lesions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010;38:235-238. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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    Influência da hipertrofia mamária na capacidade funcional das mulheres
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia, 2007-04-01) Araújo, Carlos Delano Mundim [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Heitor Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Veiga, Daniela Francescato [UNIFESP]; Hochman, Bernardo [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Paulo Magalhães [UNIFESP]; Novo, Neil Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: to investigate the influence of breast hypertrophy in the musculoskeletal-system through the evaluation of the functional capacity in women. METHOD: 50 women with breast hypertrophy were studied and the results were compared to the 50 women without breast hypertrophy. The STANFORD HEALTH ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE 20 (HAQ-20) was applied to assess the functional capacity. It contains 20 questions about daily activities in which the patient has four answer options, which are scored. Lower scores indicate better functional capacity. RESULTS: the mean score in the control group was 0.10, while in the breast hypertrophy group it was 0.71. When Mann-Whitney test was run, hypertrophy group showed statistically higher scores (p < 0.00). CONCLUSION: breast hypertrophy patients have more difficulties to perform common activities of the daily life.
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    Myoid hamartomas of the breast - Report of 3 cases and review of the literature
    (Westminster Publ Inc, 2004-04-01) Giannotti Filho, Osvaldo [UNIFESP]; Gordan, Ângela Navarro [UNIFESP]; Mello, RDA; Neto, C. S.; Heinke, Thais [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Hamartomas were first described by Albrecht in 1904, who defined them as tumorlike malformations in which there was abnormal blending of the normal components of an organ. The myoid hamartoma is a rare benign lesion of the breast and has an uncertain origin, possibly in the walls of the blood vessels, muscularis mammillae of the areolae, and mainly in myoepithelium. We report 3 cases of myoid hamartomas of the breast, with the clinical, radiologic, and histopathological findings, and review the literature. The 3 lesions showed normal breast ducts and lobules, entrapped by a muscular stroma and some foci of mature adipose tissue. The muscular origin of part of the stroma was confirmed by strong reactiveness with smooth-muscle actin.
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    Quality of life after reduction mammaplasty
    (Taylor & Francis As, 2004-01-01) Freire, Marcia Aparecida Martins da Silva [UNIFESP]; Sabino Neto, Miguel [UNIFESP]; Garcia, Elvio Bueno [UNIFESP]; Quaresina, Maria Rodrigues [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Reduction mammaplasty is a common procedure in plastic surgery. Patients seek the operation for neck and lower back pain, and social and emotional problems. the evaluation of health results based on the patient's opinion has become an important and reliable method for the analysis of alterations resulting from treatment. To evaluate the impact of plastic surgery on the quality of life of patients with mammary hypertrophy we used the SF-36 standardised questionnaire in a prospective study of 44 patients preoperatively and three and six months postoperatively. There were significant improvements in seven of the eight aspects of the SF-36 (physical function, physical role, pain, energy, social function, emotional role, and mental health). Only general health was unchanged.
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    Sexual Function and Depression Outcomes Among Breast Hypertrophy Patients Undergoing Reduction Mammaplasty A Randomized Controlled Trial
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016) Beraldo, Flávia Nunes de Moraes [UNIFESP]; Veiga, Daniela Francescato [UNIFESP]; Veiga-Filho, Joel [UNIFESP]; Garcia, Edgard da Silva [UNIFESP]; Vilas-Boas, Gerusa S.; Juliano, Yara [UNIFESP]; Sabino Neto, Miguel [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]
    Purpose The breasts are important symbols of femininity and sensuality. Alterations such as breast hypertrophy can affect several aspects of women's quality of life. Breast hypertrophy is a prevalent health condition, which is treated by reduction mammaplasty. The aim of the present study was to assess sexual function and depression outcomes among breast hypertrophy patients undergoing reduction mammaplasty. Methods Sixty breast hypertrophy patients were randomly allocated to a control group (CG) (n = 30) or a breast reduction group (BRG) (n = 30). The patients in the CG were assessed at the first appointment as well as 3 and 6 months later. The patients in the BRG were assessed preoperatively as well as 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Validated instruments, the Female Sexual Function Index and the Beck Depression Inventory, were used to assess sexual function and depression among the subjects. The results of these assessments were compared within and between groups. Results Twenty-seven and 29 patients in the CG and the BRG, respectively, completed the 6-month follow-up period. At baseline, the groups did not differ significantly with regard to the main demographic data. In the initial assessment, the groups did not differ significantly with regard to Female Sexual Function Index or Beck Depression Inventory scores. Compared with the CG, the BRG reported better sexual function 3 (P = 0.015) and 6 (P = 0.009) months postoperatively. Regarding depression scores, the reduction mammaplasty group had better results 6 months postoperatively (P = 0.014). Conclusions Reduction mammaplasty positively affected sexual function and depression levels in breast hypertrophy patients.
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    Sonographic and mammographic findings of breast liquid silicone injection
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2006-07-01) Scaranelo, Anabel Medeiros; Ribeiro Maia, Maria de Fatima; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
    Purpose. To describe the sonographic and mammographic features of patients whose breasts have been injected with silicone.Methods. Between July 1997 and August 1999, 14 patients with a history of breast injection of liquid silicone underwent physical, mammographic, and sonographic examination. Mammographic findings were classified as macronodular, micronodular, or mixed striated patterns. Sonographic appearances were classified as macronodular, micronodular, mixed, or snowstorm patterns.Results. Eighty-six percent of the patients had abnormal physical examination. Well-defined nodules were palpable in 4 patients, 6 patients had diffusely heterogeneous breasts on palpation, and 2 patients had a combination of heterogeneous texture with dominant nodules. Sonographic examination revealed the presence of marked echogenicity (i.e., snowstorm pattern) in all 14 patients; in 11 patients it was associated with macronodules and/or micronodules, whereas in 3 patients only snowstorm appearance was noted. Mammographic patterns were macronodular in 7 patients and mixed macronodular and micronodular in 6 patients.Conclusions. Both mammography and sonography can help identify free silicone injected directly into the breast. (C) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.