Navegando por Palavras-chave "behavioral"

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    Follow-up de crianças diagnosticadas com tdah e tratamento medicamentoso
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-09-24) Muzzi, Maria do Carmo [UNIFESP]; Muszkat, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders in childhood and adolescence. It is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and / or hyperactivity / impulsivity. The precise causes of ADHD are still unknown, despite the large number of previous studies. The influence of genetic and environmental factors in their development is widely accepted in the literature. The symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, consequently bring a great impact on academic development, as well as in the neurodevelopmental and psychosocial interaction areas. Also it reflects consistently in adaptive functioning and emotional self-regulation. The therapeutic intervention of ADHD involves a multimodal approach, including psychosocial and pharmacological interventions. The literature shows stimulants as first-choice medications, including methylphenidate, showing efficacy. Treatment with stimulants for ADHD leads to an improvement of symptoms throughout the day. The clinical goal of treatment is not limited only to improve the symptoms, but also to promote optimal functionality in emotional, behavioral, academic and social domains. The aim of this study was to seek correlations between results related to cognition, emotion and behavior in a sample of children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD. We used for this purpose a few instruments including the Continuous Performance Test (CPT), computerized visual task. In addition, questionnaires completed by parents and school that contained behavioral and emotional information were employed. These procedures were performed before and after use of the medicine methylphenidate. The total sample for this study consisted of 12 male children and 1 female, aged between 6 and 14 years. After assessment, they received medicine treatment with methylphenidate, and after a period of 6 months were subjected to reassessment. After reassessment, the results indicated that there was a reduction in mean and median for all domains, only the index related to depression did not show a statistically significant difference. The data obtained from these results indicate a reduction of clinical, cognitive, emotional and behavioral symptomatology whose indices obtained effect size of large magnitude.
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    Religiosity and Tobacco and Alcohol Use in a Brazilian Shantytown
    (Informa Healthcare, 2012-01-01) Lucchetti, Giancarlo [UNIFESP]; Peres, Mario F. P. [UNIFESP]; Lucchetti, Alessandra L. G.; Koenig, Harold G.; São Paulo Med Spiritist Assoc; Hosp Joao Evangelista; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein; Duke Univ
    This article analyzes the role of religious involvement and religious beliefs in the prevalence and frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption. This was a cross-sectional, population-based study. in 2005, we conducted door-to-door interviews with 383 people, aged 18 years or more, randomly selected from the Paraisopolis shantytown in São Paulo, Brazil. Four regression models were created to explain the relationships among religious involvement, tobacco and alcohol use, controlling for demographic, social, and psychobehavioral factors. High religious attendance was associated with less alcohol use, alcohol abuse, tobacco use, and combined alcohol/tobacco use, as well as less days consuming alcoholic beverages per week, controlling for confounding factors. Additionally, high nonorganizational religious behavior was associated with less tobacco and combined alcohol/tobacco use. Religiosity plays an important role in the control of alcohol and tobacco use in a shantytown setting; further management initiatives in the area should consider this issue. the study's limitations are noted.