Navegando por Palavras-chave "behavior"

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    Bovine brain phosphatidylserine attenuates scopolamine induced amnesia in mice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2006-07-01) Claro, Flavia T. [UNIFESP]; Patti, Camilla L. [UNIFESP]; Abilio, Vanessa C. [UNIFESP]; Frussa-Filho, Roberto [UNIFESP]; Silva, Regina H. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This study verifies the effects of bovine brain phosphatidylserine (PS) on passive avoidance (PA) and contextual fear conditioning (CFC) tests in scopolamine-treated mice. Mice received daily i.p. 50 mg/kg PS or 0.2 M Tris pH 7.4 (TRIS) for 5 days. On day 6, mice received saline (TRIS-SAL and PS-SAL) or 1 mg/kg SCO (TRIS-SCO and PS-SCO) i.p. After 20 min, the animals were submitted to PA (experiment 1) or CFC (experiment 2) training sessions, and tests were performed 24 h later. Latency in entering the dark chamber of the PA apparatus presented by TRIS-SCO (but not PS-SCO) group in the test was significantly higher than those presented by controls. Except for TRIS-SCO, all the groups presented higher latencies in the test compared to the training session. in experiment 2, the TRIS-SCO (but not PS-SCO) group presented significantly lower freezing duration than that presented by the TRIS-SAL group in the test. Animals treated with PS alone presented higher freezing duration than that presented by the TRIS-SAL group. the results demonstrate that PS attenuates SCO-induced amnesia in both PA and CFC tests. in addition, PS per se improves retention in the CFC test. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Cellular prion protein is present in dopaminergic neurons and modulates the dopaminergic system
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014-08-01) Rial, Daniel; Pamplona, Fabricio A.; Moreira, Eduardo L. G.; Moreira, Karin M. [UNIFESP]; Hipolide, Debora [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Diana I.; Dombrowski, Patricia A.; Da Cunha, Claudio; Agostinho, Paula; Takahashi, Reinaldo N.; Walz, Roger; Cunha, Rodrigo A.; Prediger, Rui D.; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC); Rua Larga Univ Coimbra; DOr Inst Res & Educ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR); Univ Coimbra; Hosp Governador Celso Ramos
    Cellular prion protein (PrPC) is widely expressed in the brain. Although the precise role of PrPC remains uncertain, it has been proposed to be a pivotal modulator of neuroplasticity events by regulating the glutamatergic and serotonergic systems. Here we report the existence of neurochemical and functional interactions between PrPC and the dopaminergic system. PrPC was found to co-localize with dopaminergic neurons and in dopaminergic synapses in the striatum. Furthermore, the genetic deletion of PrPC down-regulated dopamine D-1 receptors and DARPP-32 density in the striatum and decreased dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex of mice. This indicates that PrPC affects the homeostasis of the dopaminergic system by interfering differently in different brain areas with dopamine synthesis, content, receptor density and signaling pathways. This interaction between PrPC and the dopaminergic system prompts the hypotheses that the dopaminergic system may be implicated in some pathological features of prion-related diseases and, conversely, that PrPC may play a role in dopamine-associated brain disorders.
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    Competitividade organizacional e subordinação ética: a cultura moral dos principais responsáveis pelas clínicas oftalmológicas avaliada por instrumento fundamentado em Kohlberg
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2004) Sanches, Maria Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Scarpi, Marinho Jorge [UNIFESP]
    Pesquisa no campo da ética organizacional que fazendo uso dos construtos performance e nível de desenvolvimento moral de Kohlberg, averigua até que ponto as clínicas oftalmológicas, imersas no ambiente competitivo, na condição de organizações em busca de sobrevivência, subordinam a ética à competitividade na práxis gerencial, isto é, na esfera da administração. Toma Lawrence Kohlberg como referencial teórico, abordando tema da subordinação ética à competitividade. Aplicou Instrumento para Avaliar Comportamentos Morais das Organizações elaborado por Licht (1996), fundamentado no modelo de desenvolvimento moral pessoal de Kohlberg (1971). Faz uso de método quantitativo, adotando ferramentas e instrumentos analíticos, tais como Q de Yule e testes não paramétricos (teste da soma de séries e da mediana), no tratamento dos dados de 41 clínicas oftalmológicas localizadas na região geográfica da Grande São Paulo, com mais de 7 anos de atividade, divididas em dois grupos (A e W) segundo o seu desempenho, de acordo com o método de Nihans. A análise dos resultados mostrou, ao nível de significância de 0,5, que os níveis de desenvolvimento moral de Kohlberg dos respondentes do grupo W (de menor desempenho), são maiores e diferem significativamente dos níveis de desenvolvimento moral de Kohlberg dos respondentes do grupo A, de maior desempenho. Observa-se, segundo Q de Yule, uma associação positiva muito forte entre pertencer ao grupo W e possuir estágio pósconvencional, isto é, os níveis morais mais elevados de Kohlberg. Os resultados obtidos estão conforme Faria & Meneghetti (2001), especialmente no tocante ao “paradoxo da subordinação ética e competitividade”, e vão também ao encontro de Sá (1996), para o qual ocorre uma crise dos valores éticos subordinados à competição, crise esta que provoca sentimentos crescentes de disputas econômicas na esfera social. A subordinação da ética ao lucro, observada na presente pesquisa mostra a preocupação das lideranças com a sobrevivência da organização e, conseqüentemente, a reservação das condições de sobrevivência do corpo de profissionais e seus dependentes.
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    Concomitant development of oral dyskinesia and memory deficits in reserpine-treated male and female mice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2002-05-14) Silva, R. H.; Abilio, V. C.; Torres-Leite, D.; Bergamo, M.; Chinen, C. C.; Claro, F. T.; Carvalho, R. D.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Santo Amaro
    It has been suggested that reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia in rats may provide a new animal model of tardive dyskinesia. Both cognitive deficits and gender have been associated with the development of tardive dyskinesia. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of reserpine administration on the development of orofacial dyskinesia and on plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (DAT-an animal model of associative learning) in male and female mice. Male and female mice received 1.0 mg/kg reserpine or saline subcutaneously on day 1. On days 3, 6 and 8, the frequency of vacuous chewing movements (VCM) was quantified. On day 6, the DAT conditioning was performed, in a modified elevated plus-maze. in one of the enclosed arms, the animals received aversive stimulation (light and noise). On day 8, a test session was performed and the time spent by the animals in each of the enclosed arms was recorded. Our results showed that reserpine-treated male and female mice presented significantly higher VCM when compared with respective control groups in all observation days. On day 6, reserpine-treated female mice presented significantly higher VCM when compared with male mice injected with this drug. the DAT test performed on day 8 showed that the time spent in the aversive arm by saline-treated mice was significantly lower than the time spent in the non-aversive arm. This difference was not observed for reserpine-treated mice. Our results demonstrate the development of reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia in both male and female mice. While this oral dyskinesia is accompanied by a cognitive deficit in both genders, female mice tended to have more severe oral dyskinesia. It is suggested that reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia may provide a quick, simple and efficient mouse model of tardive dyskinesia. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Crack na cidade de São Paulo: acessibilidade, estratégias de mercado e formas de uso
    (Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 2008-01-01) Oliveira, Lúcio Garcia de [UNIFESP]; Nappo, Solange Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Centro de Informações sobre Saúde e Álcool; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    BACKGROUND: In Brazil, survey data have pointed to an increase in crack cocaine lifetime use, possibly due to changes on its accessibility, market strategies and ways of use. OBJECTIVE: To identify such issues in the crack cocaine culture of use, in São Paulo, according to the user point of view. METHODS: An intentional sample was selected, composed by crack users (n = 45) and former users (n = 17). Recruited through key-informants and chain sampling methods, each participant was submitted to an in-depth semi-structured interview. RESULTS: Nowadays, as reported by interviewees, it is quite simple to get crack cocaine, especially through new market strategies as crack cocaine delivery. Rocks have been replaced by crack powder, the cheapest and easily changeable crack cocaine. Although makeshift aluminum pipes are the commonest way of use, others have been identified, among them, shotgun and the combined use with tobacco or marijuana. DISCUSSION: Although preliminary in nature, this study points that crack cocaine quality, market strategies and ways of use have changed, implying in potential heath risks to users suggesting its utilization to the health public policies and intervention methods updating.
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    Different gender division patterns for swine housing in wean-to-finish system
    (Soc Brasil Engenharia Agricola, 2017) Massari, Juliana M.; Vercellino, Rimena do A.; Curi, Thayla M. R. de C.; de Moura, Daniella J.; Medeiros, Brenda Batista Lemos [UNIFESP]; Salgado, Douglas D'Alessandro
    This study aimed at identifying the best gender division pattern for swine at nursery stage, through the evaluation of behavioral and environmental parameters. Three treatments were established to achieve our objective: single -sex housing of 26 surgically castrated male pigs
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    Editorial: Neuropeptides and Behavior: From Motivation to Psychopathology
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2017) Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; Elias, Carol F.
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    Effects of amphetamine on the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task in mice
    (Springer, 2002-02-01) Silva, R. H.; Kameda, SR; Carvalho, R. C.; Rigo, G. S.; Costa, KLB; Taricano, I. D.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Santo Amaro
    Rationale: the contradictory amphetamine effects on memory could be due to different protocols of amphetamine administration or the well-known anxiogenic effect of the drug. Objective: the effects of different protocols of administration of amphetamine were investigated on mice tested in the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (DAT), which provides simultaneous information about memory and anxiety. Methods: Acutely pre- or post-training, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 mg/kg amphetamine-treated, 10-day chronically 3.0 mg/kg amphetamine-treated, 0.3 mg/kg amphetamine plus 0.25 mg/kg scopolamine and 3.0 mg/kg amphetamine plus 3.0 mg/kg tacrine-treated mice were conditioned to choose between two enclosed arms (one of which was aversive) while avoiding two open arms. Learning/memory was evaluated by the percentage time in the aversive enclosed arm (PTAV), and anxiety by the percentage time in the open arms (PTO). Results: Given acutely before conditioning, amphetamine significantly decreased PTO in training, suggesting an anxiogenic effect, and significantly increased PTAV in the test, suggesting an amnestic action. Given acutely after the conditioning, no action of this drug on memory was found. After repeated treatment, the anxiogenic effect disappeared, while the amnestic effect remained. While no effects of subeffective doses of amphetamine and scopolamine co-administration were detected, tacrine attenuated the amnestic effect of amphetamine. Conclusions: Amphetamine has different effects on DAT when given pro- or post-training. While acute pre-training amnestic action is temporally correlated with an anxiogenic effect, there is tolerance to the anxiogenic but not to the amnestic effect after repeated administration. Because this acute amnestic effect of amphetamine is attenuated by tacrine, a possible relationship with cholinergic system cannot be discarded as a mechanism to amphetamine-induced amnesia in DAT.
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    Effects of continuous exposure to light on behavioral dopaminergic supersensitivity
    (Elsevier B.V., 1999-06-15) Abilio, V. C.; Freitas, F. M.; Dolnikoff, M. S.; Castrucci, AML; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    Background: This study examines the effects of long-term continuous exposure to light on dopaminergic supersensitivity induced by repented treatment with haloperidol in rats,Methods: Spontaneous general activity in an open-field (SGA) and stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine (SB-APO) or amphetamine (SB-AMP) were used as experimental parameters. Rats were allocated to four groups in each experiment: saline-treated animals kept under a 12-hour light/dark cycle (LD) or 24-hour light/light cycle (LL), and 2 mg/kg haloperidol-treated animals kept under the above cycles. Plasma corticosterone concentration was also measured by radioimunoassay in saline-treated mts kept under a LD or LL cycle.Results: All the behavioral parameters used showed the development of central dopaminergic supersensitivity in rats kept under both cycles. Continuous exposure to light enhanced SGA and SB-AMP in both saline- and haloperidol-treated mts, but did not modify SB-APO. Animals kept under the LL cycle presented an increased plasma corticosterone concentration.Conclusions: Our results suggest that continuous exposure to light leads to an increase in dopaminergic function in both normal and supersensitive rats. This effect seems to be mediated by a presynaptic mechanism possibly involving corticosterone actions. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry.
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    Effects of melatonin on behavioral dopaminergic supersensitivity
    (Elsevier B.V., 2003-05-16) Abilio, V. C.; Vera, JAR; Ferreira, LSM; Duarte, CRM; Martins, C. R.; Torres-Leite, D.; Ribeiro, R. D.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This study examines the effects of melatonin on dopaminergic supersensitivity induced by long-term treatment with haloperidol in rats. Enhancements of spontaneous general activity in an open-field and of stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine after abrupt withdrawal from long-term treatment with haloperidol were used as experimental parameters for dopaminergic supersensitivity. Experiment 1 was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin on the development of dopaminergic supersensitivity, and experiment 2 was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin on the development as well as on expression of dopaminergic supersensitivity. Rats of both experiments were long-term treated with saline or haloperidol concomitant to saline or melatonin. in experiment 1 behavioral observations were performed after abrupt withdrawal from long-term treatment. in experiment 2 behavioral observations were performed 1 hour after an acute injection of saline or melatonin, administered after the abrupt withdrawal from long-term treatment. Both behavioral parameters used showed the development of central dopaminergic supersensitivity in rats treated with haloperidol since 24 hours after abrupt withdrawal. Concomitant treatment with melatonin intensified haloperidol-induced dopaminergic supersensitivity, observed 72 hours after withdrawal. Melatonin treatment per se also induced behavioral supersensitivity evaluated by both open-field and stereotyped behaviors, although it was more fugacious than that presented by haloperidol. Acute treatment with melatonin reverted the enhancement of the haloperidol-induced dopaminergic supersensitivity produced by concomitant long-term treatment with melatonin, as well as melatonin-induced dopaminergic supersensitivity per se. Our results support previous evidence of antidopaminergic effects of melatonin and demonstrate that repeated administration of this hormone modifies the plasticity of behaviors mediated by central dopaminergic systems. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of valproic acid on an animal model of tardive dyskinesia
    (Elsevier B.V., 2003-06-16) Peixoto, M. F.; Abilio, V. C.; Silva, R. H.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    GABAergic hypofunction in the basal ganglia is stated as an important mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia. the present study investigates the effects of the GABA-mimetic drug valproic acid (VA) on the manifestation of reserpine-induced orofacial movements, an animal model of tardive dyskinesia. Male Wistar rats received two injections of control solution or of 1 mg/kg reserpine separated by 48 h. Twenty-four hours later, animals were acutely treated with 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg VA or control solution and were observed for quantification of orofacial movements and of open-field general activity. the highest dose of VA inhibited the manifestation of reserpine-induced orofacial movements but none of the VA doses modified reserpine-induced decrease in open-field general activity. These results support the potential of VA as an effective pharmacological tool in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Neurobehavioral profile of healthy full-term newborn infants of adolescent mothers
    (Elsevier B.V., 2008-05-01) Barros, Marina Carvalho de Moraes [UNIFESP]; Guinsburg, Ruth [UNIFESP]; Mitsuhiro, Sandro [UNIFESP]; Chalem, Elisa [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo Ramos [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) is used to assess neurological integrity, behavioral function and the existence of stress and abstinence signs in newborn infants.Aim: To determine the neurobehavioral. profile of healthy term neonates of adolescent mothers.Design: Cross-sectional study with prospective collection of data.Subjects: 419 healthy newborns without analgesic/sedative use at labor, intra-uterine drug exposure, multiple gestation, congenital malformations or infections. the NNNS was applied with 33 7 hours of life in a quiet and dark room, between feedings. Outcome measures: Mean, SD, and 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th percentiles for each of 13 NNNS variables were determined and compared according to maternal age (12-14 years vs. 15-17 years vs. 18-19 years) by ANOVA.Results: Mothers had 17 +/- 1.5 years, 50% white, 7.1 +/- 2.2 years of education, prenatal care in 96%, vaginal delivery in 73%, and local/regional anesthesia in 75%. Neonates had birth weight 3205 299 g, gestational age 39.4 +/- 1.1 weeks, 55% male, 1 min Apgar 8.2 +/- 1.3, and 5 min Apgar 9.6 +/- 0.6. NNNS scores (mean +/- SD): habituation: 6.86 +/- 1.49; attention: 5.73 +/- 1.32; arousal: 3.70 +/- 0.70; regulation: 6.06 +/- 0.74; orientation handling procedures: 0.36 +/- 0.26; quality of movements: 5.11 +/- 0.49; excitability: 2.48 +/- 1.68; lethargy: 4.04 +/- 1.82; non-optimal reflexes: 3.67 +/- 1.35; asymmetry: 0.71 +/- 0.94; hypertonicity: 0.18 +/- 0.39; hypotonicity: 0.13 +/- 037; and stress/abstinence signs: 0.07 +/- 0.05. Infants of younger adolescent mothers were less lethargic than infants of older ones.Conclusion: the description of the neurobehavioral profile of healthy term newborns of adolescent mothers is important to establish normal standards for this population. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    O papel do polimorfismo funcional VNTR da região promotora do gene MAOA nos transtornos psiquiátricos
    (Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 2011-01-01) Nishioka, Sílvia A.; Perin, Eduardo Aliende [UNIFESP]; Sampaio, Aline Santos; Cordeiro, Quirino; Cappi, Carolina; Mastrorosa, Rosana Savio [UNIFESP]; Morais, Ivanil A.; Reis, Viviane Neri De Souza; Rosario-Campos, Maria Conceicao do [UNIFESP]; Hounie, Ana Gabriela; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    INTRODUCTION: A functional variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism of the promoter region of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene has been described and many studies have investigated the association of this polymorphism with human behaviors, as well as with several psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review the literature on the role of the VNTR functional polymorphism of the promoter region of the MAOA gene on the modulation of human behavior for the development of psychiatric disorders. METHOD: Searches on the Medline, Embase, Web of Science and PsycInfo databases were performed including works from January 1998 to June 2009. The words used were: MAOA and human behavior and MAOA and psychiatry. RESULTS: Several studies were found (N = 3,873). After the selection process, 109 papers were included in the review. There was found an association of MAOA low activity alleles with antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, ADHD, pathological gambling, and substance abuse. High activity alleles were associated with neuroticism, anorexia nervosa and depression and anxiety disorders. There was no association between the MAOA polymorphisms and bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. DISCUSSION: The main findings, summarized in this paper, support a role of MAOA VNTR polymorphism in some psychiatric disorders although some divergences were found due to methodological difficulties in genetic studies. In general, the studies associated the low activity alleles with impulsivity and aggressive behavior (hyperactive behaviors), and the high activity alleles of the gene with hypoactive behaviors, such as depression and anxiety, which demonstrates a modulation of the MAOA enzyme in hyperactive and hypoactive disorders.
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    The plus-maze discriminative avoidance task: a new model to study memory-anxiety interactions. Effects of chlordiazepoxide and caffeine
    (Elsevier B.V., 2000-10-30) Silva, R. H.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The plus-maze discriminative avoidance paradigm is a new animal model of learning/memory that provides simultaneous information about anxiety. Mice are conditioned to choose between the two enclosed arms tin one of which light and noise are presented as aversive stimuli) while avoiding the two open arms of the apparatus. the test has the advantage of measuring, at the same time and in the same animals, learning/memory (by the percent time spent in aversive enclosed arm - PTAV) and anxiety (by the percent time spent in the open arms - PTO). the effects of chlordiazepoxide and caffeine on learning/memory and anxiety of mice tested in this paradigm were investigated. Chlordiazepoxide (5 mg/kg) significantly increased and caffeine (20 mg/kg) significantly decreased PTO during the training session, suggesting an anxiolytic and an anxiogenic effect, respectively. in the test session, chlordiazepoxide- or caffeine-treated mice presented higher PTAV, suggesting amnestic effects. Given together, chlordiazepoxide plus caffeine did not alter PTO, and the amnesic effect produced by each drug was no longer observed. It is concluded that learning/memory depends on an optimum emotional level. the pins-maze discriminative avoidance model appears to be a useful test to investigate this critical relationship between learning/memory and anxiety. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Repeated monosialoganglioside administration attenuates behavioral sensitization to amphetamine
    (Elsevier B.V., 1997-01-30) Bellot, R. G.; Vital, MABF; PalermoNeto, J.; Frussa, R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); UNIV FED PARANA; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    The effects of repeated monosialoganglioside (GM1) administration on amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization were studied using locomotion frequency of mice observed in an open-field as an experimental parameter. GM1 (30 mg/kg, once a day for 7 days) did not modify mouse behavior per se but decreased the hyperlocomotion of mice repeatedly treated with amphetamine (3.0 mg/kg, once a day for 7 days, 30 min after GM1 injection). GM1 acutely administered 30 min before amphetamine did not modify the increase in locomotion frequency induced by acute amphetamine administration. These results agree with previous reports that gangliosides treatment may affect synaptic plasticity, modifying the induction of the adaptive changes following drug treatment.
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    Síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono na infância: desempenho escolar e a relação com o desenvolvimento cognitivo e o comportamento
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-09-22) Silva, Fabio Ferreira da [UNIFESP]; Miranda, Monica Carolina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and the primary snoring compose the Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB). It is believed that the physiological functions of OSA can bring harm in cognitive development of child and can affect in different aspects. However, little is known about the school performance of children in school age who have SDB and their relation with the cognitive development and behavior. The aim of this study was comparing the school performance, cognitive development and the children?s behavior with the OSA and the primary snoring in the school age and verifying the relation between possible deficits in the skills of oral language, reading, writing and capacities of executive functions and operational memories . The sample consisted of 33 children, being 11 children with OSA, 11 children with primary snoring and 11 children control group, aged 7 to 12 years old, separated by gender, age and type of school who underwent polysomnographic exams and neuropsychological tests, including intellectual level domains, attention, executive functions, oral language, reading, writing and mathematics, as daily behavior measures. It has been compared the performance of the groups through of General Linear Model ? GLM, and it has been analyzed the correlation of the IAH and Sp02 and the obtained results of neuropsychological and behavioral tests, by Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of neuropsychological allow to note that the sustained attention task (clinical index of CPT), executive functions (update) and estimated QI, there has been harm to the OSA and snoring groups, and in working memory, just for the primary snoring group. In the behavior there have been more indicative of commitment on the scales answered by parents, for the primary snoring group while teachers reported greater involvement in BRIEF in the OSA. In the assessment of oral language, reading, writing it was observed that the primary snoring group has underperformed compared to other groups. On the other hand, the evaluation of school performance, measured by questionnaire answered by teachers showed damage to both groups. There have been correlation between the levels of IAH and the cognitive measures, principally it is showing that this is a dimension to be considered and studied to better comprehension of the OSA symptomatology and the primary snoring in infancy.
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    A violência contra o corpo obeso nas redes sociais (bullying virtual) e o significado de trollagens para adolescentes em idade escolar
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-01-09) Mota, Marcos Vinicius [UNIFESP]; Vitalle, Maria Sylvia de Souza Vitalle [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    From the creation of a profile it?s possible to live in communities and virtual spaces on the Facebook social networking site. in this scene violence against the obese body is inserted subtly, by fan pages in their actions described as humor, entertainment and troll faces. In this way in order to evaluate publications regarded as mood and known as troll faces Facebook social networking site has made the assemble the data related publications related to obese body. (likes, shares, date of publication, number of days in post, legend of publication image, gender directed the picture and comments). Using the Analysis of Content in the comments were found the following category: 1 - 'perfil marcado', te lemvra algo? Gostou, né? (PROFILE MARKED), 2 - pra quem gosta dum bundaum ,,tai ohoh (HUMOR), 3 - Esse tem realmente uma buuunda de porco!!! Kkkkkk. Aberrações!!!! (SYMBOLS DEROGATORY) - Meu deus o que é isso? Isso nao deve ser de verdade. Kkkkkkkkkk (OBJECTIFICATION), 5 - Isso não e sonho e sim pesadelo não comam, se comer passa mal (REJECTION), 6 - essa gatinha tem tf? (IRONY), 7 - Credo gente e um ser humano como todos nós talves não. Teve o previlégio de um corpo bonito. (DEFENSE). With the aim to check knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of teenagers on troll faces practices were conducted eight semi - structured interviews with teenagers, aged 17 and 19, and the speech obtained and analyzed according insertion in the categories obtained by analysis of the publications Content. It?s noticed the obese body as part of the grotesque laughter, and publications are considered cyberbullying among teenagers. The teenager is binary as the definition of troll faces, because in mediating the friendship is considered joke that doesn?t bring harm to individuals and therefore allowed, but when there isn?t friendship among teenagers is seen as violence.