Repositório Institucional - Unifesp :: Navegando por Palavras-chave "anthropometry"

Navegando por Palavras-chave "anthropometry"

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Anemia ferropriva e estado nutricional de crianças de creches de Guaxupé
(Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2008-03-01) Camillo, Carlos Cesar [UNIFESP]; Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio [UNIFESP]; Vitalle, Maria Sylvia de Souza [UNIFESP]; Braga, Josefina Aparecida Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Juliano, Yara [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); UNIFEG
OBJECTIVE, To evaluate the nutritional status and the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children attending public day care centers in the city of Guaxupe (MG), Brazil.METHODS. Children of both genders, from 6 to 72 months, registered in public day-care centers in the city of Guaxupe, were studied Nutritional evaluation was conducted using the Z-score for height-to-age and weight-to-height relationships. Hemoglobin dosage, serum iron, total iron binding capacity and the transferrin saturation index were used for diagnosis of anemia.RESULTS. Z score < - 2 was observed in 3.3% of the children for the height-to-age relationship and of 0.4% for the weight-to-height relationship. Prevalence of total iron deficiency anemia was of 16.1%. in the age span from 6 to 36 months it was of 44.6%. the entire e sample showed 45% with low serum 1 on, 37 9% with high total iron binding capacity and 43. 1 % with a low transferrin saturation Index.CONCLUSION. Malnutrition was not considered to be a problem due to its low prevalence; however, an important prevalence of iron deficiency was observed. Iron deficiency anemia is more prevalent in children between 6 and 36 months confirming that this age span is more vulnerable, No association between iron deficiency anemia and the Z score of the studied anthropometry relationships was found.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação antropométrica e musculoesquelética de pacientes com síndrome de Marfan
(Associação Brasileira de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia, 2011-08-01) Cipriano, Graziella França Bernardelli [UNIFESP]; Brech, Guilherme Carlos; Peres, Paulo Alberto Tayar [UNIFESP]; Mendes, Cássia Claudino [UNIFESP]; Cipriano Junior, Gerson [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade de Brasília Faculdade Ceilândia Curso de Fisioterapia
BACKGROUND: Marfan syndrome (MS) is an autosomic dominant condition of the connective tissue that involves the ocular, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. MS is caused by mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene, leading to joint ligaments flaccidity, joint hypermobility and an overgrowth of the long bones. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to assess anthropometry, musculoskeletal alterations and the prevalence of physical therapy treatments among patients with MS. METHODS: Twenty-six patients were included in this study [17 females (age: 13.23±2.77 years; body mass 51.5±24-68 Kg; height 1.70±1.40-1.81 m; arm span: 1.73±0.12 m) and 9 males (age: 14.44±2.18; body mass: 61.0±42-72 Kg; height: 1.83±1.66-1.97 m; arm span: 1.93±0.13 m)]. Anthropometric measurements and musculoskeletal abnormalities were determined in a standardized fashion: pectus and scoliosis were assessed through radiography and angulation (â) of the scoliosis curve using the Cobb method; arachnodactyly was assessed through the thumb sign and Walker-Murdoch test and dolichostenomelia was assessed by arm span in relation to height. Patients also responded to a questionnaire addressing participation in physical therapy. RESULTS: In comparison to values estimated for the Brazilian population, mass and height were greater among the patients with MS (females: p=0.001 e p<0.0005 e males p=0.019 e p=0.0001, respectively). The following musculoskeletal abnormalities were found: pectus in 3 patients (11%), pectus and scoliosis in 19 (73%), dolichostenomelia in 11 (42%) and arachnodactyly in 21 (80%). Eleven patients (42%) with MS had previously undergone physical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with MS exhibit altered musculoskeleto and anthropometry and have infrequent physical therapy treatment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de gordura corporal pela bioimpedância elétrica e sua correlação com diferentes pontos anatômicos de medida da circunferência da cintura em crianças
(Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, 2009-02-01) Sant'anna, Mônica de Souza Lima; Tinoco, Adelson Luiz Araújo; Rosado, Lina Enriqueta F. P. de Lima [UNIFESP]; Sant'ana, Luciana Ferreira da Rocha; Mello, Amanda de Carvalho; Brito, Igor Surian de Sousa; Araújo, Larissa Fortunato; Santos, Tássia Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); UFV
OBJECTIVE: To compare the different anatomical sites used in the measurement of waist circumference, as well as the effectiveness of these landmarks to predict the percentage of body fat by tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analysis. METHODS: We evaluated 205 children from 6 to 9 years of age of both sexes. Data on weight, height and waist circumference were collected at three different sites: at the lower abdominal curvature, above the navel and at the midpoint between the last rib and the iliac crest. Nutritional status was assessed through the body mass index (BMI)/age as recommended by the World Health Organization. RESULTS: The sample was considered homogeneous in terms of sex, and the mean age was 7.2±1.2 years. Regarding nutritional status, 6.3% of the children had low weight, 75.1% were eutrophic, 7.3% were overweight, and 11.2% were obese. Among males, there was no statistical difference between the different sites of measurement; in females, the measurement above the navel was statistically higher. In the correlation analysis, the midpoint measurement showed the best correlation with percentage of body fat, with values of 0.50 in boys and 0.62 in girls. CONCLUSION: Waist circumference measured at the midpoint between the last rib and the iliac crest presented the best correlation with percentage of body fat.
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Body composition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: which method to use in clinical practice?
(Cambridge Univ Press, 2006-07-01) Lerario, Maria Cristina [UNIFESP]; Sachs, Anita [UNIFESP]; Lazaretti-Castro, Marise [UNIFESP]; Saraiva, L. G. [UNIFESP]; Jardim, José Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
The objective of the present study was to compare anthropometry with bioelectrical impedance (BIA) in relation to densitometry (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; DEXA) as methods of nutritional assessment and body composition in out-patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD). We conducted a cross-sectional clinical study with sixty-one patients with COPD (forty-two men and nineteen women), mean age of 66 center dot 5 (sd 7 center dot 9) years and forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 1 center dot 3 (sd 0 center dot 6) litres (52 center dot 2 (sd 19 center dot 8) % predicted), referred to the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center. the patients were evaluated regarding nutrition status and body composition as determined by anthropometry, BIA and DEXA. in the results, 34 center dot 4 % showed mild obstruction, 31 center dot 2 %, moderate and 34 center dot 4 %, severe obstruction. According to the BMI (mean 24 center dot 5 (sd 4 center dot 5) kg/m(2)), 45 center dot 9 % of the patients exhibited normal weight, while 27 center dot 9 % were underweight and 26 center dot 2 % were obese. Related to fat-free mass (FFM), anthropometry and BIA compared with DEXA presented high correlations (r 0 center dot 96 and 0 center dot 95 respectively; P < 0 center dot 001) and high reliability between the methods (alpha 0 center dot 98; P < 0 center dot 001). Agreement analysis between the methods shows that anthropometry overestimates (0 center dot 62 (sd of the difference 2 center dot 89) kg) while BIA underestimates FFM (0 center dot 61 (sd of the difference 2 center dot 82) kg) compared with DEXA. We concluded that according to the nutritional diagnosis, half of our population of patients with COPD showed normal weight, while the other half comprised equal parts obese and underweight patients. Body composition estimated by BIA and anthropometry presented good reliability and correlation with DEXA; the three methods presented satisfactory clinical accuracy despite the great disparity of the limits of agreement.
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Clinical value of anthropometric estimates of leg lean volume in nutritionally depleted and non-depleted patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(Cambridge Univ Press, 2008-08-01) Villaca, Debora Strose [UNIFESP]; Lerario, Maria Cristina [UNIFESP]; dal Corso, Simone [UNIFESP]; Napolis, Lara [UNIFESP]; Pereira de Albuquerque, Andre Luiz [UNIFESP]; Lazaretti-Castro, Marize [UNIFESP]; Sachs, Anita [UNIFESP]; Nery, Luiz Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Neder, Jose Alberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
This study aimed to investigate the clinical usefulness of an anthropometrically based method for estimating leg lean volume (LLV) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who presented or not with nutritional depletion. We prospectively evaluated a group of forty-eight patients (thirty-eight males) with moderate to severe COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung disease stages II-IV) who underwent a 6 min walking test and knee isokinetic dynamometry. Leg lean mass (muscle mass plus bone) was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) with derivation of its respective volume: these values were compared with those obtained by the truncated cones method first described by Jones and Pearson in 1969. As expected, depleted patients (n 19) had reduced exercise capacity and impaired muscle performance as compared to non-depleted subjects (P<0.01). the mean bias of the LLV differences between anthropometry and DEXA were 0.40 litre (95 % CI - 0.59, 1.39) and 0.50 litre (95% CI - 1.08, 2.08) for depleted and non-depleted patients, respectively. Anthropometrically and DEXA-based estimates correlated similarly with muscle functional attributes. A ROC curve analysis revealed that leg height-corrected LLV values had acceptable sensitivity and specificity to identify depleted patients (area under the curve 0.93 (range 0.86-1.00); P<0.001). Moreover, patients with LLV <= 9.2 litres/m (the best cut-off value according to the ROC curve) had significantly lower exercise capacity and muscle performance than their counterparts (P<0.05). in conclusion. an anthropometrically based method of estimating LLV (Jones and Pearson method) was shown to present with clinically acceptable accuracy and external validity in depleted and non-depleted patients with stable COPD.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comparação entre as curvas de crescimento do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention e da Organização Mundial da Saúde para lactentes com idade de seis a 12 meses
(Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo, 2010-12-01) Pires, Bianca Sant'Anna [UNIFESP]; Akutsu, Rita de Cássia [UNIFESP]; Castro, Lucíola Sant'Anna de [UNIFESP]; Asakura, Leiko; Sachs, Anita [UNIFESP]; Abrão, Ana Cristina Freitas de Vilhena [UNIFESP]; Coca, Kelly Pereira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de Brasília Departamento de Nutrição da UnB; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
OBJECTIVE: Compare the nutritional status of male and female infants classified according to the growth curve proposed by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC-2000) and the new growth curve proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO-2006). METHODS: This longitudinal study enrolled children of 6-12 months old of both genders. They were born at term and exclusively or predominantly breastfed. A single researcher collected demographic, anthropometric and nutritional data. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare curves and the Friedman test was used to analyze the variance. RESULTS: Among the 55 followed children, 51% (n=28) were males. The percentages of normal weight-for-age and proper height-for-age in both genders were above 80%. The nutritional status classification according to both growth curves was similar. Agreement between the two curves regarding weight and height was 98.2 and 96.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: CDC-2000 and WHO-2006 growth curves were similar regarding nutritional status classification of 6-12 months old breastfeed infants.
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Composição corporal por bioimpedância e antropometria de idosos longevos
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-05-31) Bertolini, Audrey Andrade [UNIFESP]; Cendoroglo, Maysa Seabra Cendoroglo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: Aging is associated with changes in body composition in both men and women. Gender differences can impact the functional fitness in elderly with 80 or more years of age, and assessment methods are important to scale these differences. Objective: to compare the assessment of body composition by bioimpedance and anthropometry of physically independent men and women aged 80 years or more. Materials and methods: Individuals above 80 years old independently living in the city of São Paulo were invited to participate in this study through written and verbal communication. The elderly individuals underwent anthropometric evaluation and body composition assessments by bioimpedance. The 2003 criteria of the Pan-American Health Organization (OPAS) was used to assess the nutritional status of the participants. Lean body mass (LBM) variables were identified from the predictive equations of Kyle, Dey, and Valencia. ROC curves were used to demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of the LBM results by BIA versus equations, and body fat percentage (BFP) results versus tricipital cutaneous fold (TCF) and waist circumference (WC). Results: This study included 221 elderly (72 men and 149 women) aged between 80 and 97 years old. The average values of WC were not different among males 95.3 ± 11 cm and females 90.9 ± 10.8 cm (p = 0.007). Likewise, the averaged values of body mass index (BMI), calf circumference, mid-upper arm muscle circumference (MUAMC) and body fat were similar between the two gender groups. However, TCF and lean body mass (LBM) values showed differences between genders: TCF 18.6 ± 5.7 mm in females and 15.4 ± 5.7 mm in males (p <0.001); LBM 37.0 ± 6.6 kg in females and 45.0 ± 10.4 kg in males (p <0.001). We found a strong correlation between body fat and BMI among women (r = 0.88; p <0.001) and men (r = 0.78; p <0.001), as well as body fat and WC in women (r = 0.76; p <0.001) and also in men (r = 0.79; p <0.001). Calf circumference values showed a stronger correlation to muscle mass in women (r = 0.72; p < 0.001). We also observed that WC and BFP values were high for both genders, except in underweight and eutrophic women. The average LBM index was lower in women with nutritional diagnosis of low weight. The comparison between the LBM by BIA versus predictive equations showed that Dey?s equation is the best estimate of BIA results when applied to eutrophic women. The analysis of skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) revealed that low-weight men showed lower SMI values than women. Conclusion: in order to identify obesity and sarcopenic obesity, even in individuals with normal BMI, it is crucial to consider gender differences and to combine different methods of evaluation, such asskeletal muscle mass (SMM) and SMI.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Could Low Birth Weight be Associated with Cardiovascular Disease in Adolescence?
(Federacao Brasileira Soc Ginecologia & Obstetricia-Febrasgo, 2016) dos Santos Alves, Priscila de Jesus; Araujo Junior, Edward [UNIFESP]; Pinto Teixeira Henriques, Ana Cileia; Costa Carvalho, Francisco Herlanio
Purpose Previous studies have shown that low birth weight (LBW) is associated with cardiovascular risk in late adulthood. Recent studies in adolescents suggest that modifiable factors may have greater influence on increased cardiovascular risk. This study aims to investigate the association between LBW and changes in anthropometric and biochemical risk factors during adolescence in a population with low average socioeconomic status. Methods In a retrospective double cohort, data of birth weight were extracted from hospital records of children born on the same day between 1992 and 2002. According to the World Health Organization, we classified the children as having LBW or normal birth weight. A total of 172 subjects among children, adolescents and adults were researched. We measured anthropometric and clinical data, lipid profile and glucose after an overnight fasting. The low and normal weight groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U, Fischer exact, Chi-square (chi 2) and Student's t tests. Results Pregnant women with preeclampsia delivered more newborns with LBW (p < 0.001). Anthropometric and clinical parameters were similar between groups. No differences were found in the family history of cardiovascular diseases (p = 0.1), family incomes (p = 0.8) and maternal school education (p = 0.8) between groups. Conclusion In this study, LBW did not increase cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents. We observed absence of association between low birth weight and poor health outcomes among adolescents with low socioeconomic status from an urban city in the Brazilian northeast.
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Diagnosis of obesity in chronic kidney disease: BMI or body fat?
(Oxford Univ Press, 2013-11-01) Cuppari, Lilian [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estado nutricional de crianças índias terenas: evolução do peso e estatura e prevalência atual de anemia
(Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, 2005-10-01) Morais, Mauro Batista de [UNIFESP]; Alves, Gildney Maria Dos Santos; Fagundes-neto, Ulysses [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul Departamento de Pediatria
OBJECTIVE: This study of Terena Indian children less than 10 years old was undertaken in order to compare weight and height in 1995 and 2002 and to evaluate anemia prevalence in 2002. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of the Limão Verde and Córrego Seco tribes, located in Aquidauana, Mato Gosso do Sul, Brazil. The study enrolled all 253 children who were less than 10 years old in 1995 and 244 who were under 10 in 2002. Their nutritional status was evaluated comparing weight and height with the NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics) reference values (Epi-Info version 6.2). Hemoglobin was assayed using a portable photometer. RESULTS: The percentages of children with weight for age deficit (z score < -2 standard deviations) were 4 and 2.9% in 1995 and 2002 respectively. Percentages of weight for height deficits were 3.6 and 0.8% respectively. Percentages of height for age deficits were 15 and 11,1% respectively. The median z scores for weight, age and weight, and height showed a statistically significant increase during the period between 1995 and 2002 in infants. Between 24 and 60 months, there were increments in median z scores for weight for age and height for age. There was no statistically significant decrease in any of the anthropometric indicators, with reference to z scores. The prevalence rates of anemia were 86.1% for infants 6 to 24 months old (n = 43), 50.8% for those 24 to 60 months (n = 65) and 40.7% for children aged 60 to 120 months (n = 59). CONCLUSION: Weight and height both increased during period from 1995 to 2002. Anemia was highly prevalent, calling for immediate corrective measures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da relação entre a respiração oral e o tipo facial
(ABORL-CCF Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial, 2007-08-01) Bianchini, Ana Paula; Guedes, Zelita Caldeira Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Vieira, Marilena Manno [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Breathing is responsible for facial and cranial morphology development. AIM: investigate in order to see if there is any relationship between oral breathing and facial type. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 119 male and female teenagers, with ages ranging between 15 and 18 years. The sample was separated in two groups: A-50 teenage oral breathers, 28 males and 22 females; and group B- 69 teenage nasal breathers, 37 males and 32 females. The sample was collected at the Centro de Atendimento e Apoio ao Adolescente do Departamento de Pediatria da UNIFESP/ EPM. We evaluated breathing and facial measures. RESULTS: by means of anthropometric indexes we classified facial types and associated them with the person s breathing type, Hypereuriprosopic (Total=0; oral breathers 0%; nasal breathers 0%; Euriprosopic (Total=14; oral breathers 2.52%, nasal breathers 9.24%;Mesoprosope (Total=20; oral breathers 19.32%; nasal breathers 21.01%, Leptoprosopic (Total=37; oral breathers 14.29%; nasal breathers 16.81%; Hyperleptoprosopic (Total =48; oral breathers 5.89% nasal breathers 10.92%). The mesoprosopic facial type was found in 48 teenagers (40.33%) of whom 25 (21.01%) were oral breathers and 23 (19.32%) were nasal breathers. Conclusion: it was not possible to prove the existence of an association between oral breathing and facial type.
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Factors associated with nutritional status in liver transplant patients who survived the first year after transplantation
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2010-02-01) Carvalho, Luciana de [UNIFESP]; Parise, Edison Roberto [UNIFESP]; Samuel, Didier; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Paris 11
Background and Aims: Most studies published focus on the evaluation of the impact of nutritional status on the morbidity and mortality during the immediate postoperative period or on the short-term evolution of liver transplant patients. the aim of the study was to evaluate long-term trends in nutritional status.Methods: Seventy patients consecutively submitted to liver transplantation were studied. Nutritional assessment was performed the day before transplantation and the 45, 90, 180 and 365 days after transplantation, consisting of determination of dietary intake, anthropometric and biochemical analysis.Results: Sixty-nine percent of the patients presented with malnutrition on the day before liver transplantation, decreasing to 44% at end of the first year. the prevalence of protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) was 63% at 90 days post-transplant. A significant difference of PCM was observed between patients with cirrhosis and non-cirrhotic disease (53.6% x 100%) at 90 days post-transplant. the pre-transplant nutritional diagnosis and 90-day calorie intake were identified as variables independently associated with nutritional status at 90 days post-transplant. the variables independently associated with nutritional status in the 1-year assessment were pre-transplant PCM and 365-day calorie requirements.Conclusion: No influence on nutritional status was observed for peri- or postoperative factors after 3 or 12 months of follow up. As expected, dietary factors, especially adequate calorie intake, were always associated with nutritional status during all periods analyzed.
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Food Intake, Growth and Body Composition of Children and Adolescents With Autoimmune Hepatitis
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010-03-01) Bidutte Cortez, Ana Paula [UNIFESP]; Morais, Mauro Batista de [UNIFESP]; Speridião, Patrícia da Graça Leite [UNIFESP]; Guedes da Motta Mattar, Regina Helena [UNIFESP]; Calanca, Flavia [UNIFESP]; Fagundes Neto, Ulysses [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Objective: To evaluate the food intake, anthropometry, body composition, and sexual maturity of children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis.Methods: Thirty-seven children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis were studied. A questionnaire was given to evaluate food intake over a 24-hour period. Weight, height, and skin-fold thickness were measured. Electric impedance and skin-fold using Slaughter formula were used to evaluate body composition. Sexual maturity was evaluated using the Tanner stage method. Cumulative intake of corticosteroids was determined based on medical records.Results: Most of the subjects were females (83.3%). Food intake did not meet recommended dietary intakes for energy, calcium, and vitamin A for 43.2%, 94.6%, and 59.4% of the patients, respectively. All subjects were in their respective pubertal developmental stage. A lower Z score for height-for-age (< -2.0 standard deviation) was found in 3/37 (10.5%) of the patients. Body fat over 30% was found in female patients by bioimpedance (41.9%) and skin-fold (45.2%) evaluation. There was a positive correlation between the 2 methods of measuring body fat (r = +0.800; P < 0.001). A larger reduction (P < 0.005) in Z score for height-for-age was observed in patients that received a cumulative dose of corticosteroids of more than 10.0 g.Conclusions: Food intake in children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis is below recommended standards especially for energy, calcium, and vitamin A. Cumulative dose of corticoids was associated with reduction of Z score for height-for-age.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impacto do uso de cereal adicionado de ferro sobre os níveis de hemoglobina e a antropometria de pré-escolares
(Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, 1998-12-01) Vítolo, Márcia Regina [UNIFESP]; Aguirre, Andrea Nogueira De Campos; Kondo, Márcia Regina; Giuliano, Yara [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Neil [UNIFESP]; Lopez, Fábio Ancona [UNIFESP]; PUC-Campinas Faculdade de Ciências Medicas; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); PUC-Campinas Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Anemia and energetic malnutrition are considered to be the major nutritional challenges in developing countries. The efficacy of the various programs implemented to solve these problems has been assessed by studies with enriched food products. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the daily acceptance of an iron-enriched cereal, as well as its effect on the anthropometric parameters and hemoglobin levels of children aged 1 to 4 years old. Fifty-four children enrolled at a public day care unit participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: Group I with 24 children (median age: 2 years and 2 months) and Group II with 30 children (median age: 3 years and 6 months). Their food intake, weight, height and serum hemoglobin levels were measured at the beginning and at the end of the study. During a period of two months, milk and bread, which made up the children's breakfast and afternoon snack, were substituted by the enriched cereal in the form of porridge, which increased the iron intake in 2 to 3mg per day. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the weight for height rate of both groups, with improvement of nutritional condition in those children with acute malnutrition. With regard to serum hemoglobin levels, Group I showed an initial average level of 9.9 ± 2.0g/dl. The average level at the final evaluation, 11.4 ± 1.0g/dl, was significantly higher (p< 0.05) than at the start. Group II, with average serum hemoglobin level of 11.6 ± 0.9g/dl at the start, did not show a significant difference from the level at the end (11.9± 0.9g/dl).At the start of the study the incidence of anemia in Group I was of 81%. This value went down to 31.2% at the end of two months. For Group II, the incidence decreased from 20.8% to 12.5% at the end. The average daily intake of cereal during the first week was lower than in subsequent weeks. It is concluded that the product used in this study increased the serum hemoglobin levels of the children with anemia and contributed to the nutritional improvement of those who were malnourished. In addition, the cereal was well accepted by the children.
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Impairment in Anthropometric Parameters and Body Composition in Females with Classical 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2009-06-01) Goncalves, Ezequiel Moreira; Valente de Lemos-Marini, Sofia Helena; Mello, Maricilda Palandi de; Matias Baptista, Maria Tereza; Rodrigues D'Souza-Li, Lilia Freire; Baldin, Alexandre Duarte; Gomes Carvalho, Wellington Roberto; Farias, Edson Santos; Guerra-Junior, Gil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical measurements and body composition of female patients with the classic form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Twenty-eight girls with CAH were classified according to both hormonal control (well or not well controlled) and the clinical form of the disease (simple virilizing or salt-wasting). In the control group, 112 healthy individuals were included, divided into two subgroups (male and female). Both patients and controls were subdivided by age into three groups according to pubertal stage: <= 10 years (prepubertal), 11-15 years (pubertal), and >= 15 years (postpubertal). Anthropometrical evaluations and bioelectrical impedance were used to obtain the physical measurement and body composition data. The patients with the simple virilizing form presented higher values for BMI, waist, arm fat area, and fat mass percentage. The not well controlled group presented shorter leg length. Values obtained for BMI as well as for arm fat area, brachial circumference, waist, hip, bi-iliac diameter and fat mass percentage were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls, whereas leg length, hand size and the percentages of water and lean mass were lower. Alterations in body composition were observed in all age groups, mainly by increase of fat mass with age. After puberty, impairments in limb measurements (leg, hand and foot) were more evident. Patients with CAH presented differences in anthropometric parameters but mainly in body composition. Hence, more comprehensive and careful anthropometric evaluation during monitoring of patients with CAH is recommended.
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Influence of renal function on spontaneous dietary intake and on nutritional status of chronic renal insufficiency patients
(Nature Publishing Group, 2003-11-01) Duenhas, M. R.; Draibe, Sergio Antonio [UNIFESP]; Avesani, Carla Maria [UNIFESP]; Sesso, R.; Cuppari, Lilian [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Objective: To analyze the spontaneous food intake and the nutritional parameters of patients with different degrees of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) at the onset of predialysis treatment.Design: Cross-sectional.Setting: Outpatient Clinic of the Nephrology Division of Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.Subjects: the analysis involved 487 ( 187 women and 300 men) patients with moderate to advanced CRI who were evaluated in the first visit to the clinic.Results: Patients were divided according to creatinine clearance (CrCl) quartiles. CrCl in the first quartile was lower than 19.9 ml/min/ 1.73 m(2) and in the fourth one was higher than 43 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Energy intake was significantly ( P<0.05) lower in the first quartile when compared with the fourth one while protein intake estimated by protein equivalent of nitrogen appearance (PNA) was significantly lower in the first, second and third quartiles in comparison with the fourth (P<0.05). Body mass index ( BMI) and percentage of ideal body weight were significantly decreased in the three lowest levels of renal function. Standard per cent of triceps skinfold thickness was lower in the first quartile when compared with the fourth one. Compared with the fourth quartile, standard per cent of midarm muscle circumference (MAMC) was lower in the second and in the third quartile. CrCl correlated directly and significantly with PNA (r = 0.30; P<0.01), energy intake (r = 0.17; P<0.01), and MAMC (r = 0.20; P<0.01). in a multiple linear regression analysis, controlling for energy and protein intake, CrCl correlated significantly and positively with BMI and MAMC.Conclusion: This study suggests that a spontaneous decrease in energy and protein intake as well as in anthropometric indices follows a decline in renal function in patients with no previous dietary intervention. Sponsorship: This study was supported by CAPES and Oswaldo Ramos Foundation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ingestão de cálcio e indicadores antropométricos entre adolescentes
(Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, 2007-06-01) Santos, Luana Caroline dos; Martini, Lígia Araújo; Freitas, Sílvia Nascimento de; Cintra, Isa de Pádua [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Escola de Nutrição Departamento de Nutrição Clínica e Social; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between calcium intake and anthropometric indicators in adolescents. METHODS: Students (n=507) from two public and one private schools of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, were assessed by means of a questionnaire on socioeconomic conditions, sexual maturity, anthropometry, body composition and food intake. RESULTS: The mean calcium intake was 703.7 (396.0) mg/day and the school with the highest socioeconomic level presented the highest mean intake. Only 8% of the adolescents presented an intake above the recommended intake. Body mass index was inversely associated with calcium (r=-0.203, p=0.001) in the school of intermediate socioeconomic level and also in adolescents with dietary calcium intake between 400 and 800 mg/day (r=-0.134, p=0.044). CONCLUSION: These results showed that calcium intake was insufficient among the adolescents of Ouro Preto, indicating the need to stimulate the consumption of calcium-rich foods in this population.
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Leptin assessment in acute lymphocytic leukemia survivors: Role of cranial radiotherapy?
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007-11-01) Siviero-Miachon, Adriana Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Spinola-Castro, Angela Maria [UNIFESP]; Tosta-Hernandez, Patricia Debora Cavalcanti [UNIFESP]; Lee, Maria Lucia de Martino; Petrilli, Antonio Sergio; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Leptin has been hypothesized to play a role in the development of obesity in leukemia survivors, particularly those who have received cranial radiotherapy. This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between leptin levels and body mass index (BMI) in a sample of 26 acute lymphocytic leukemia survivors of both sexes, treated with and without cranial irradiation, aged 7.6 to 17 years, at a mean 3.4 +/- 2.0 years off treatment. There were significantly more males among the irradiated group (P < 0.001), even though no differences were encountered in pubertal stage (P = 1.000), BMI standard deviation score (mean SD) (0.68 +/- 1.00 vs. 1.19 +/- 0.78; P = 0.164), or leptin concentrations (17.01 +/- 17.04 vs. 23.3 +/- 13.4; P = 0.309). Nonetheless, there was a positive correlation between the natural logarithm of leptin and BMI standard deviation score [t(22) = 2.348, P = 0.028], however, no differences were recorded among irradiated and nonirradiated patients [F(2,22) = 0.384, P = 0.685]. When this relationship was compared between sexes, a significant difference was encountered [F(2,22) = 4.907, P 0.017], with males having the strongest association (R-males(2) = 65.5%, R-females(2) = 34.7% ).Leptin is a reliable adiposity index as it strongly correlates with BMI. Overall, the current data suggest that cranial irradiation did not play a role upon this relationship; however, sex differences influenced positively this correlation.
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Maximum Bite Force Analysis in Different Age Groups
(Fundação Otorrinolaringologia, 2014-09-01) Takaki, Patricia; Vieira, Marilena; Bommarito, Silvana [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction Maximum bite force (MBF) is the maximum force performed by the subject on the fragmentation of food, directly related with the mastication and determined by many factors. Objective Analyze the MBF of subjects according to age groups. Methods One hundred individuals from the city of São Paulo were equally divided according to age groups and gender. Each individual submitted to a myotherapy evaluation composed of anthropometric measurements of height and weight to obtain body mass index (BMI), using a tape and a digital scale (Magna, G-life, São Paulo), and a dental condition and maximum bite force evaluation, using a digital dynamometer model DDK/M (Kratos, São Paulo, Brazil), on Newton scale. The dental and bite force evaluations were monitored by a professional from the area. Analysis of variance was used with MBF as a dependent variable, age group and gender as random factors, and BMI as a control variable. Results Till the end of adolescence, it was possible to observe a decrease in MBF in both sexes, with the male force greater than the female force. In young adults, the female force became greater the males, then decreased in adulthood. There was no correlation between MBF and BMI. Conclusion There are MBF variations that characterizes the human development stages, according to age groups.
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Nutritional status of Brazilian elite swimmers
(Human Kinetics Publ Inc, 2004-02-01) Paschoal, Valeria Cristina Provenza [UNIFESP]; Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the body composition, dietary intake, use of nutritional supplements, and biochemical status of 8 Brazilian male elite swimmers, aged 18-21 years, participants at a national swimming competition. Data from the athletes were obtained through a 4-day food record, a fasting blood sample, and anthropometric measurements. The anthropometric results showed that body composition was compatible with sport category. The dietary assessment showed an adequate ingestion of calories, vitamins, and mineral, with the exception of calcium, for which only half of the sample reached the recommendation. The results also indicated low carbohydrate and high protein and cholesterol intakes. Of the swimmers, 62.5% and 25% consumed synthetic aminoacids and antioxidants supplements, respectively. The biochemical indices of the nutritional status were within normal limits in all swimmers, with the exception of creatine-kinase, which was above the recommended level, indicating muscle degradation probably due to poor carbohydrate intake. In conclusion, the results suggest the importance of nutritional education to promote a balanced intake, provide all nutrients in optimal amounts, inhibit unnecessary ingestion of nutritional supplements, maintain ideal performance, and improve the swimmers' health status.

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