Navegando por Palavras-chave "Young adult"

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    Brief motivational interview and educational brochure in emergency room settings for adolescents and young adults with alcohol related problems: a randomized single blind clinical trial
    (Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2011-09-01) Segatto, Maria Luiza [UNIFESP]; Andreoni, Solange [UNIFESP]; Silva, Rebeca de Souza e [UNIFESP]; Diehl, Alessandra [UNIFESP]; Pinsky, Ilana [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Compulsion Care Sector; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of brief motivational interviewing and an educational brochure when delivered in emergency room to reduce alcohol abuse and related problems among adolescents and young adults. METHOD: a randomized single blind clinical trial with a 3 month follow-up was carried out at three emergency rooms from October 2004 to November 2005; subjects assessed were 16-25 years old treated for alcohol related events up to 6 hours after consumption. Socio-demographic data, quantity, frequency and negative consequences of alcohol consumption, motivation to change habits and future risk preception were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed on subjects who completed follow up (completers). ANCOVA model was used to analyze the difference between the intervention groups with statistical significance level α = 5% and Confidence Interval (CI) 95%. RESULTS: 186 subjects formed the initial sample, being n = 175 included and randomized to educational brochure group (n = 88) or motivational interviewing group (n = 87). Follow-up assessment was performed in 85.2% sample. No significant difference between groups was observed. However, significant reductions (p < 0.01) in related problems and alcohol abuse were found in both groups. CONCLUSION: In this sample a reduction of alcohol use and related problems was observed. Preliminary data indicates that controlled clinical trials with motivational interviewing, educational brochure and nonintervention should be of future interest among Brazilian adolescent population.
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    Comportamento alimentar de jovens e sua relação com a comunicação social e de especialistas da saúde
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-10-05) Freire, Simone Cardoso [UNIFESP]; Fisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685336897710685; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2084196778725842; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Aim: To assess the impact generated by health professionals and information found on the media regarding food, nutrition, health and bodies, as well as the practice of physical activity, body image and eating habits and behaviors among young Brazilian University students. Methods: The research has been divided into three stages. The first stage consisted of the process to validate silhouette scale for digital use. This required weighing and measuring the height of 89 University students at the Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp) - Campus Guarulhos, thus enabling us to calculate their Body Mass Index (BMI). Though this, it was also possible to assess their body image using original paper silhouettes and digital ones; raising issues about today's representation of the body, determining the current BMI and the representation of the desired body (desired BMI). The second stage involved the setting of two focus groups. Eight interviews provided in-depth knowledge about the University students, such as: which kind of store do they shop at or eat in during the week and weekends, eating patterns while alone and with company, the types of information they seek regarding health and the body, whether through professionals or through the media. During the third stage a questionnaire was developed, which was then divided into eight sections: i) personal data, ii) health, iii) physical activity, iv) body image, v) guidance from health professionals, vi) usage of media vii) types of information and viiii) eating behavior. This questionnaire was made available online, through the surveymonkey® tool and sent via e-mail to 6.190 University students across the Unifesp's Campi of Diadema, Guarulhos, Osasco and São José dos Campos. Results: Results were satisfactory in regards to the use of the digital silhouette scale, considering the Spearman correlation between the BMI values with the actual BMI, having resulted in 0.85 for both sexes. The questionnaire was answered by 718 students; 222 of which were male and 496 female. The highest association values were observed as the practice of physical activity and seeking physical educators for males (27.3%) and also as females (25.4%) looking for recipes. The practice of controlled eating behavior in order to shape the body ? which has been associated with making appointments with doctors, nutritionists and physical educators ? were observed as 32.9% for males and 29.1% for females. Conclusion: Information provided by health professionals, as well as information found on the media, affect the behavior of young people regarding the practice of physical activity, body dissatisfaction and certain eating behaviors. It is, therefore, necessary to use tools that display the relationship between healthy and risky behavior, in order to assist clinical practice and public policies. These should aim for less extreme interventions, improving the communication regarding one's relationship with one's body and healthy habits, in order to decrease behaviors that may jeopardize the health of young people.
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    Fatores associados ao aborto induzido entre jovens pobres na cidade de São Paulo, 2007
    (Associação Brasileira de Estudos Populacionais, 2012-12-01) Silva, Rebeca de Souza e [UNIFESP]; Andreoni, Solange [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The present article investigates factors associated with induced abortion among youth living in a poor community in the city of São Paulo. The sample consisted of 102 men and 99 women, 14 to 25 years of age who had initiated their sex lives. The hierarchical logistic model was used. The variables, not having a sex partner at the time of the interview, respondent´s gender, age at the time of interview, prioritizing living alone, and the number of pregnancies comprised the final model. Considering very important to live alonesingly increases fourfold the likelihood of an abortion. Older youngsters were less likely to face an abortion, given that the likelihood of opting for an abortion is reduced in 17% for each one year increment in the age. This indicates that pregnancies were unexpected, untimely, as it is usual in the behavior teenagers, who are the major candidates to end up with an induced abortion. All this stresses the need to invest financial resources to obtain efficacious and innocuous contraceptive methods for the beginning of sex life.
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    The paradox of age: an analysis of responses by aging Brazilians to International Affective Picture System (IAPS)
    (Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2011-03-01) Pôrto, Weyler Galvão; Bertolucci, Paulo Henrique Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Bueno, Orlando Francisco Amodeo [UNIFESP]; Associação Portuguesa de Beneficência de São Paulo Geriatric Medicine Nucleus; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible differences in subjective analysis of the emotional stimuli from the International Affective Picture System between elderly and young samples. METHOD: 187 elderly subjects ranked the International Affective Picture System images according to the directions from the Manual of Affective Ratings. Their scores were compared to those obtained from International Affective Picture System studies with young people. RESULT: There is an age-related difference in arousal and valence in the International Affective Picture System rating. The correlation between affective valence and arousal is strong, and negative for the elderly. The expected versus the observed frequency of International Affective Picture System images between elderly and young samples show a statistical difference. CONCLUSION: This study shows an inter-age statistical dichotomy in how elderly and young people subjectively evaluate International Affective Picture System images.
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    Violência e vulnerabilidade ao HIV/AIDS em jovens homossexuais e bissexuais
    (Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Enfermagen, 2017) Fernandes, Hugo[UNIFESP]; de Oliveira, Eleonora Menicucci [UNIFESP]; Ventura, Renato Nabas [UNIFESP]; de Moraes Horta, Ana Lucia [UNIFESP]; Daspett, Celina [UNIFESP]
    Objective: To know the perceptions of young people who identify themselves as homosexuals or bisexuals on experienced violence and identify possible correlations with vulnerability to HIV/Aids. Methods: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach, using the social representation theory and the concept of vulnerability with thematic content analysis, carried out in the immunodeficiency disorder control center of a public university in the Southeast region of Brazil, which provided multidisciplinary care to HIV/Aids patients. Thirteen seroconverted young people aged between 13 and 24 years participated in the study. The selection criterion was men who identified themselves as homosexuals or bisexuals, according to terminology used in the Epidemiologic Bulletin on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Results: Four thematic categories were found: "homophobia and bullying", "sexual, domestic, and institutional violence", "search for support", and "love and passion". Conclusion: Young homosexuals and bisexuals experienced repeated situations of abuse throughout childhood and adolescence, perceiving sexual, domestic, and institutional violence as the most painful and difficult to confront, and which correlate to vulnerability to HIV/Aids.
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    Violência sexual: por que não revelar?
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2020-06-30) Silva, Flávia Calanca da [UNIFESP]; Vitalle, Maria Sylvia de Souza [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0789020640080002; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7392946127233785
    Objetivo: investigar a prevalência de adolescentes e adultos jovens que foram vítimas de violência sexual em algum momento da vida e comparar a presença de sintomas depressivos e/ou ansiosos; qualidade de vida, uso de álcool, tabaco e drogas ilícitas entre esta população e a que não sofreu abuso. Partindo dos adolescentes e adultos jovens que foram vítimas de abuso em algum momento de suas vidas, buscou-se entender o que os motivou a não revelar a violência sofrida. Métodos: Aplicaram-se questionários e instrumentos validados, em população de estudantes universitários, para avaliar: idade, sexo, nível socioeconômico, comportamento sexual, exposição a eventos traumatizantes (QUESI – presença ou não de violência sexual), sintomas depressivos (BDI) e/ou ansiosos (BAI), qualidade de vida (WHOQOL) e o uso ou abuso de tabaco, álcool e drogas ilícitas (ASSIST). Entrevistas foram conduzidas pelos pesquisadores com 22 indivíduos que foram vítimas de violência sexual (de acordo com o instrumento QUESI) para a obtenção da História Oral sobre o abuso experimentado. Resultados: Dos 858 alunos que responderam à pesquisa, 71 (8,3%) foram vítimas de violência sexual, sendo 52 meninas (73,2%). No grupo vítima de abuso havia mais alunos desfavorecidos economicamente, mais alunos que já tinham tido a coitarca (p=0,029), alunas que já engravidaram (p=0,001), estudantes com maiores escores para sintomas depressivos (p <0.001) e ansiosos (p=0.001), alunos com pior qualidade de vida (p<0.001) e que usavam de maneira abusiva tabaco (p=0.008), maconha (p=0.025) e hipnóticos/sedativos (p=0.048) quando comparado ao grupo não vítima. Vinte e nove episódios de violência foram vividos pelos 22 participantes das entrevistas. Três (10,3%) situações de abuso foram perpetradas por desconhecidos sendo excluídas da análise qualitativa. Das 26 situações de abuso perpetradas por conhecidos das vítimas, quatro (15,4%) nunca foram reveladas; cinco (19,2%), a revelação ocorreu quando o abuso já tinha cessado; oito (30,8%) foram reveladas e/ou detectadas e o abuso cessou; e em nove (34,6%) episódios, apesar da revelação ou detecção, a vítima continuou sendo molestada pelo agressor e nada foi feito. Conclusões: os impactos causados pelo abuso são diversos e afetam, mesmo a longo prazo, a vida dos sobreviventes. As vítimas revelam a violência sofrida, mas não basta a vítima falar, o adulto que recebe a revelação tem que estar apto a ouvir; não basta o adulto ver o abuso, ele precisa querer enxergar. Urge sensibilizar e educar a sociedade em como responder apropriadamente a revelaçãoe/ou detecção da violência sexual. Crianças e adolescentes que são vítimas desta barbárie precisam ser orientadas a revelar o abuso e solicitar ajuda para quantas pessoas forem necessárias até que sejam ouvidos e acolhidos. Abordar o tema e o discutir, amplamente, em todas as esferas da sociedade é forma de mobilizar, sensibilizar, instrumentalizar o coletivo, desmistificando o assunto e chamando atenção para essa importante questão social.