Navegando por Palavras-chave "Toll-Like Receptors"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosEarly ifn-gamma production together with decreased expression of tlr3 and tlr9 characterizes eae development conditional on the presence of myelin(Hospital Clinicas, Univ Sao Paulo, 2016) Evangelista, Marcilene Gomes; Ribeiro De Castro, Sandra Bertelli; De Souza Alves, Caio Cesar; Dias, Alyria Teixeira; De Souza, Viano Wyallison; Dos Reis, Livia Bittencourt; Da Silva, Luan Cristian; Marques Nogueira Castanon, Maria Christina; Farias, Rogerio Estevam; Juliano, Maria Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Ana PaulaExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a model for the study of multiple sclerosis, which is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite increased efforts to elucidate the function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in autoimmune diseases of the CNS, the relative contribution of other factors, including the immunomodulatory properties of TLR signaling, role of the innate response and the presence or absence of myelin peptides remain unclear. The aim was to evaluate TLR expression in the CNS during EAE development by investigating the expression of TLRs in the initial phase of EAE and establishing correlations with the modulation of inflammatory factors. Mice were subcutaneously immunized at the tail base with 100 mg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG(35-55)), emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) supplemented with 400 mg of attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA. Pertussis toxin (300 ng per animal) was intraperitoneally injected on the day of immunization and 48 h later. Another group (MOG(-)) received an equal emulsion of CFA and M. tuberculosis, without MOG(35-55), and the same protocol of Pertussis toxin. The immunized mice presented signs of disease with increased IFN-gamma production and presence of NK cells on Day 2 postimmunization and reduced the expression of TLR-3 and TLR-9. In the spinal cord, CCL5 and CCL20 were higher in EAE. This study establishes a correlation between TLR-3 and TLR-9 expression with the development of EAE. In addition, evidence of a role for the myelin peptide in targeting the innate inflammatory response to the CNS is presented.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)The macrophage switch in obesity development(Pontificia Univ Catolica Sao Paulo, 2016) Castoldi, Angela; de Souza, Cristiane Naffah; Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva [UNIFESP]; Moraes-Vieira, Pedro ManoelImmune cell infiltration in (white) adipose tissue (AT) during obesity is associated with the development of insulin resistance. In AT, the main population of leukocytes are macrophages. Macrophages can be classified into two major populations: M1, classically activated macrophages, and M2, alternatively activated macrophages, although recent studies have identified a broad range of macrophage subsets. During obesity, AT M1 macrophage numbers increase and correlate with AT inflammation and insulin resistance. Upon activation, pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages induce aerobic glycolysis. By contrast, in lean humans and mice, the number of M2 macrophages predominates. M2 macrophages secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and utilize oxidative metabolism to maintain AT homeostasis. Here, we review the immunologic and metabolic functions of AT macrophages and their different facets in obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and associated events in urethane-induced lung cancer(Faculdade de Medicina / USP, 2013-06-01) Teixeira, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Almeida, Joaquim Soares de [UNIFESP]; Visniauskas, Bruna [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Guiomar Nascimento [UNIFESP]; Hirata, Aparecida Emiko [UNIFESP]; Bueno, Valquiria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVES: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to the immunosuppressive microenvironment during tumor development and limit the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Identifying myeloid-derived suppressor cells and associated factors is the first step in creating strategies to reverse the suppressive effects of these cells on the immune system. METHODS: To induce lung cancer, we administered 2 doses of urethane to BALB/c mice and observed these animals for 120 days. After this period, we evaluated the percentage of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the blood, lung and bone marrow. The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-β, Toll-like receptor 2, Toll-like receptor 4, and interleukin-6 was also determined in the lung tissue. RESULTS: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells were increased in all evaluated tissues after lung cancer development in association with increased Toll-like receptor 4 expression and decreased interleukin-6 expression in the lung. We observed alpha-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor-β expression in lung nodules. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the early diagnosis of cancer through determining the blood levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells followed by the depletion of these cells should be further investigated as a possible approach for cancer treatment.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosStatus Da Vitamina D E Repercussão Na Modulação Da Via Do Nf-"B Na Placenta E Nos Parâmetros Clínicos E Antropométricos Neonatais(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-03-23) Momentti, Ana Carolina [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background. Vitamin D has been widely recognized for its role in modulating inflammation and immune system, being associated with placental inflammatory process, and fetal and neonatal clinical complications, but it still to be more elucidated. Aim. To investigate the possible changes in the placental inflammatory parameters induced by insufficient and deficient maternal vitamin D status in relation to the adequate status, and the repercussion in the clinical and anthropometric neonatal parameters. Methods. Puerperal women with single fetus without obstetric pathologies and/or complications were recruited to study. Serum 25(OH)D was measured in the first 48 hours after delivery, and the participants were classified according to vitamin D status: AD - adequate vitamin D status (control group); INS - insufficient vitamin D status; DEF - deficient vitamin D status. The placenta was collected after delivery. Maternal and neonatal data were obtained in the participants’ medical records. TNF- α, IL-10, MCP-1 and IL-10/TNF-α ratio protein contents and phosphorylated subunit of NF-κB p50 and TNFR1 protein expression were determined in placenta by ELISA and Western Blotting, respectively. Results. Vitamin D status demonstrated no association with placental inflammatory and neonatal parameters. A positive correlation (r= 0.03; p<0.05) was observed between maternal serum 25(OH)D and calcium. Conclusion. Our results do not exclude the possibility of maternal vitamin D inadequacy having influence on the development of future adverse events especially on the offspring. Further researches are needed to improve understanding of the determinants and the impacts of immunologic transition on the maternal-fetal dyad in a normal pregnancy.