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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)1º Levantamento Nacional sobre Padrões de Consumo de Álcool na população brasileira: prevalência de sintomas depressivos e estudo da associação entre sintomas depressivos e correlatos do uso de álcool(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-11-30) Coelho, Cassiano Lara de Souza [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo Ramos [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4152477223577402; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6564429077619741; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: This study presents two distinct parts: the first one describes the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a national epidemiological survey of alcohol consumption and related problems in Brazil, followed by the analysis of data on the association between depressive symptoms and several correlates of alcohol use. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the Brazilian population and establish their sociodemographic correlates. To study the associations between depressive symptoms and alcohol-related disorders, drinking patterns and other characteristics of alcohol use and search for related socio-demographic correlations in men and women. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2005 and April 2006. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews using a standardized questionnaire. The sample consisted of 3,007 interviews with individuals 14 years of age and older and followed a probabilistic design covering the Brazilian national territory. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and alcohol dependence was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Associations assessed using bivariate analysis were tested using Rao-Scott measures. Gender specific multinomial logistic regression models were developed. Results: The observed prevalence of depressive symptoms was 28.3% (13% mild/moderate; and 15.3% major/severe; p<0.01). Increased depressive symptoms rates were associated with being a female, being 45 years of age and older, having lower education, being single, having family income of up to 2.5 times minimum wage, and living in the Northern Region of Brazil (p<0.05). Among the participants with alcohol dependence, 46% had depressive symptoms (17.2% mild/moderate and 28.8% major/severe; p<0.01); 35.8% (p=0.08) of those with alcohol abuse and 23.9% (p<0.01) of those with a binge-drinking pattern also had depressive symptoms. Alcohol abstainers and infrequent drinkers had the highest prevalence of major/severe depressive symptoms, whereas frequent heavy drinkers had the lowest prevalence of major/severe depressive symptoms. In women, alcohol dependence and the presence of one or more problems related to alcohol consumption were associated with higher risks of major/severe depressive symptoms. Among men, alcohol dependence and being ≥45 years old were associated with higher risks of major/severe depressive symptoms. Conclusions: In Brazil, the prevalence of depressive symptoms is high and is strongly related to alcohol dependence. The strongest association was between major/severe depressive symptoms and alcohol dependence in women. This survey supports the possible association of biopsychosocial distress, alcohol consumption and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Brazil. Investing in education, social programs, and care for those with alcohol dependence and major/severe depressive symptoms, especially for such women, and the development of alcohol prevention policies may be components of a strategic plan to reduce the prevalence of depression and alcohol problems in Brazil.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Características sociodemográficas e perfis de uso de maconha entre brasileiros(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-09-26) Morais, Paulo Rogerio [UNIFESP]; Silveira Filho, Dartiu Xavier Da [UNIFESP]; Fidalgo, Thiago Marquês; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2125056709432095; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0876669702022083; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2440046189560841; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)To increase the knowledge concerning the sociodemographic characteristics, quality of life and mental health of people living in Brazil who use marijuana at least four timeper month.Methods: through advertisements on the Facebook virtual social network, 9499 individuals were recruited who agreed to participate in the survey and answered the questionnaires and scales arranged in online forms.After the electronic data capture and application of exclusion criteria, data adherence to normal distribution was verified with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.Participants were then allocated into three subgroups based on their reported frequency of cannabis use: ―nonusers‖ (never used or just tried); ―Occasional users‖ (up to four times a month), ―regular users‖ (between two and three times a week) and ―frequent users‖ (four or more times a week) and descriptive measures were calculated based on these subgroups. The Cramer‘s coefficient (V) was used to verify the association between the frequency of cannabis use with categorical variables, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify the association between the frequency of cannabis use with numerical variables.To verify the factors associated with the frequency of marijuana use and to estimate the magnitudes of these associations, logistic regression analyzes were performed.A significance level of 0.05 was adopted at all analyzes.Results: the analyzed sample consisted of 7850 adults (mean ± SD of 23.9 ± 7.4 years), with predominance of frequent marijuana users (60.2%), men (70.4%), living in the South, Southeast or Midwest regions (80.3%), without children (84.0%), with some religion (62.9%), working (52.8%) and higher education (56 , 5%).Significant differences were detected between non-users and user groups concerning to sociodemographic characteristics (more women, more religious, lower proportion of paid work and higher proportion of students among non-users), involvement with other drugs (experimentation and past month use, except for opiates), quality of life (worse quality of life for non-users, except in the environmental dimension) and presence of psychiatric symptoms (higher prevalence of possible cases of anxiety and depression among non-users).Conclusion: the present study gathered information about the sociodemographic characteristics, the cannabis and other drugs use, quality of life, and mental health in a sample of heavy cannabis users. Despite the limitations that are discussed, the results reveal that even a heavy pattern of cannabis use is not necessarily associated with lower quality xviii of life or with the presence of psychiatric symptoms when compared to nonusers. Studies with more robust designs are needed to better understand the relationship between frequent cannabis use with the quality of life and the mental health of Brazilian adults.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Depressive symptoms and alcohol correlates among Brazilians aged 14 years and older: a cross-sectional study(Biomed Central Ltd, 2014-07-15) Coelho, Cassiano L. S. [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo R. [UNIFESP]; Santos, Jair L. F.; Pinsky, Ilana [UNIFESP]; Zaleski, Marcos; Caetano, Raul; Crippa, Jose Alexandre S.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC); Univ Texas Dallas; INCT Translat MedBackground: the associations between depressive symptoms and alcohol-related disorders, drinking patterns and other characteristics of alcohol use are important public health issues worldwide. This study aims to study these associations in an upper middle-income country, Brazil, and search for related socio-demographic correlations in men and women.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2005 and April 2006. the sample of 3,007 participants, selected using a multistage probabilistic sampling method, represents the Brazilian population aged 14 and older. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and alcohol dependence was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Associations assessed using bi-variate analysis were tested using Rao-Scott measures. Gender specific multinomial logistic regression models were developed.Results: Among the participants with alcohol dependence, 46% had depressive symptoms (17.2% mild/moderate and 28.8% major/severe; p < 0.01); 35.8% (p = 0.08) of those with alcohol abuse and 23.9% (p < 0.01) of those with a binge-drinking pattern also had depressive symptoms. Alcohol abstainers and infrequent drinkers had the highest prevalence of major/severe depressive symptoms, whereas frequent heavy drinkers had the lowest prevalence of major/severe depressive symptoms. in women, alcohol dependence and the presence of one or more problems related to alcohol consumption were associated with higher risks of major/severe depressive symptoms. Among men, alcohol dependence and being = 45 years old were associated with higher risks of major/severe depressive symptoms.Conclusions: in Brazil, the prevalence of depressive symptoms is strongly related to alcohol dependence; the strongest association was between major/severe depressive symptoms and alcohol dependence in women. This survey supports the possible association of biopsychosocial distress, alcohol consumption and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Brazil. Investing in education, social programs, and care for those with alcohol dependence and major/severe depressive symptoms, especially for such women, and the development of alcohol prevention policies may be components of a strategic plan to reduce the prevalence of depression and alcohol problems in Brazil. Such a plan may also promote the socio-economic development of Brazil and other middle-income countries.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosFactors associated with illicit drugs' lifetime and frequent/heavy use among students results from a population survey(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2016) Bitancourt, Tania [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro Grilli Tissot, Maria Cristina; Fidalgo, Thiago Marques [UNIFESP]; Fernandes Galduroz, Jose Carlos [UNIFESP]; da Silveira Filho, Dartiu Xavier [UNIFESP]Substance use among teenage students and factors associated were investigated through a survey using a questionnaire adapted from the WHO's Program on Research and Reporting on the Epidemiology of Drug Dependence, additional questions on family factors and personal risks, and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, adapted to Brazil. The target population consisted of 3891 10-22-year-old students from the city of Embu das Artes, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The prevalence of lifetime substance use was 26.7%. Most commonly used substances were energy drinks combined with alcohol (19%), solvents (11.2%) and marijuana (4.8%). Almost 60% of the students had already tried alcohol and 18.2% had tried tobacco. Factors associated to lifetime substance use were: lower self-esteem, going to nightclubs at least twice a week, use of alcohol, trying tobacco, bad relationship with the mother, permissive mothers, practicing sports as an obligation, working, and higher socioeconomic level. Concerning frequent/heavy substance use, chances were found to be higher among students who had use tobacco and alcohol, going to nightclubs at least twice a week, and those with lower self-esteem. Preventive actions concerning drug use should focus on avoiding the first experimentation, approaching family relationships, and improving students' self-esteem. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosGlycemic control and its correlates in patients with diabetes in Venezuela: Results from a nationwide survey(Elsevier B.V., 2010-03-01) Moreira, Edson Duarte; Silva Neves, Raimundo Celestino; Nunes, Zaira Onofre; Chagas de Almeida, Maria Conceicao; Valverde Mendes, Ana Beatriz [UNIFESP]; Saraiva Fittipaldi, Joao Antonio; Ablan, Franklin; Venezuelan Diabet; Brazilian Minist Hlth; Charitable Works Fdn Sister Dulce; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Pfizer Inc; Cent Univ VenezuelaAims: To determine the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control and its correlates in a large multicenter survey of Venezuelan patients with diabetes.Methods: A cross-sectional study in a sample of adult patients with diabetes, attending health centers in Venezuela. Information about diabetes, current medications, complications, and diet were obtained by trained interviewers, using a standardized questionnaire. HbA(1c) was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in a central laboratory. Patients with HbA(1c) >= 7% were considered to have inadequate glycemic control.Results: Overall 4075 patients were surveyed, 349(8.6%) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 3726(91.4%) with type 2 diabetes(T2D). Subjects' mean age was 58 years, and 65% were female. the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control was 76%. Poor glycemic control was more common in T1D patients (87%) than in those with T2D(75%), p < 10(-4). Satisfaction with current diabetes treatment was associated with improved glycemic control among non-insulin-treated patients with T2D, but gender, multi-professional care, and participation in a diabetes education program were not.Conclusions: Despite clinical evidence supporting tight control of diabetes, few diabetic patients in Venezuela met recommended glycemic control targets. This may contribute to increased rates of diabetic complications. Our findings support the public health message of implementation of early, aggressive management of diabetes. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Influência da cultura organizacional sobre as práticas de gestão da qualidade e a percepção do desempenho organizacional(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-02-08) Fuoco, Natalia Langenfeld [UNIFESP]; Kissimoto, Kumiko Oshio [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3600804142320263; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1690757157542740A adoção de sistemas de gestão da qualidade, sobretudo por meio da certificação ISO 9001, vem sendo continuamente adotado por diversas organizações. Entretanto, embora seja possível observar casos de sucesso, algumas organizações falham nesse processo. As causas que explicam os casos de fracasso ainda não são claras. Contudo, alguns estudos apontam que esses fatores podem não estar ligados a ferramentas e técnicas utilizadas, mas sim a aspectos comportamentais e culturais das organizações. Esses estudos enfatizam a importância da cultura e pedem um exame mais aprofundado da ligação entre atributos culturais, operacionais e de práticas de gestão da qualidade. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi comprrender como a cultura organizacional influencia a gestão da qualidade e o desempenho organizacional em organizações brasileiras. Para isso, com base na pesquisa desenvolvida por Gambi (2014), três hipóteses foram testadas, sendo: H1) o perfil cultural afeta a efetividade no uso das ferramentas da qualidade; H2) o perfil cultural afeta a percepção de desempenho organizacional; H3) o uso das ferramentas da qualidade afetam a percepção do desempenho organizacional. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário e a análise dos dados foi realizada utilizando Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (Structural Equation Modeling - SEM). Analisando os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que, a cultura organizacional influencia na adoção de técnicas da gestão da qualidade e que a gestão da qualidade pode ser bem-sucedida em diferentes perfis culturais, sugerindo que não há apenas um perfil cultural exclusivo que forneça condições apropriadas para o sucesso da gestão da qualidade. Corroborando com a visão pluralista da qualidade.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Relações entre contabilidade pessoal e práticas financeiras não-saudáveis entre universitários(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-01-27) Santos, Felipe da Costa [UNIFESP]; Sayed, Samir [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9649848620479143; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5203446827600038O presente trabalho teve como objetivo central investigar se há associação entre contabilidade pessoal e práticas financeiras tidas como não saudáveis adotadas entre universitários. Dessa forma, a pesquisa foi realizada via questionário online e obteve 128 respostas válidas. Os resultados da survey mostraram que há uma pré-disposição em praticar a contabilidade pessoal já que 55% fazem e 76% já fizeram em algum momento. Já para a segunda aplicação, analise de correspondência (anacor) e Analise de homogeneidade (homals), a tabela de contingência corroborou com a survey, mostrando que quando observado individualmente cada prática não saudável (PNS), há uma tendência de quem pratica contabilidade pessoal tenderem a menores chances de práticas não saudáveis. Os demais resultados dos testes de Chi-quadrado, análise de correlação, frequências e medidas/mapas de discriminação mostraram que não há uma dependência linear padrão, tendo apenas resultados aleatórios, não sendo possível uma associação relevante. Portanto, a partir dos resultados avaliados, a hipótese que surge é que as variáveis de práticas não saudáveis, podem ser explicadas ou estarem correlacionadas a experiências de vida individuais de cada indivíduo.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosValidation of an adapted version of the nutrition environment measurement Tool for stores (NEMS-S) in an urban area of Brazil(Elsevier B.V., 2013-11-01) Martins, Paula Andrea [UNIFESP]; Cremm, Elena de Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Leite, Fernanda Helena Marrocos [UNIFESP]; Maron, Luana Rieffe [UNIFESP]; Scagliusi, Fernanda Baeza [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Maria Aparecida de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To validate an adapted instrument that assesses the nutritional environment of food stores in Brazilian urban areas.Methods: the instrument measured aspects of food environment such as availability, prices, and quality. the Harvard Healthy Eating Pyramid and the degree of processing were used to define healthy foods. the sample included 44 food stores in 3 census tracts in the city of Santos. Inter-rater reliability and stability coefficient were obtained with measurements performed by different individuals at different times. Internal consistency and construct validity were assessed by Cronbach a and the known-groups comparison method, respectively.Results: Inter-rater reliability was high. the mean intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.98 and the mean kappa was 0.77. Cronbach a values ranged from.68 to.93.Conclusions and Implications: the instrument can be useful in the development of interventions to promote healthy eating through actions focused on healthy food availability in Brazilian communities.