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- ItemSomente MetadadadosCharacteristics of Muscle Fibers in Rats with Limb Movements during Sleep after Spinal Cord Injury(Karger, 2012-01-01) Esteves, Andrea M. [UNIFESP]; Squarcini, Camila F. R. [UNIFESP]; Lancellotti, Carmen L. P.; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco T. de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Fac Ciencias Med Santa Casa São PauloBackground/Aims: Previous studies have demonstrated that spinal cord injury (SCI) results in changes in sleep patterns through increased arousals and limb movements during sleep. Dramatic changes in muscle myosin heavy-chain isoforms have also been reported. the aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of muscle fibers after SCI in rats with limb movements during sleep. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: SHAM, SCI 3, 7 and 15 days. Animals were subjected to electrode insertion surgery, 24-hour baseline sleep recording, SCI, and subsequent sleep recording for 3, 7, or 15 consecutive days. in addition, the gastrocnemius muscle and spinal cord were collected for histopathological/histochemical analyses. Results: Our results indicate a rapid and progressive decrease in the cross-sectional area of type I fibers in the gastrocnemius muscle (35.76-24.74 mu m(2)) after SCI. Additionally, we found SCI-induced changes in sleep patterns. Following SCI, we also observed limb movements in sleeping rats, as well as significant negative moderate correlations between type I fibers and limb movement. Conclusion: Our study strengthened the hypothesis by correlation between changes in types of muscle fiber (decline in type I fibers) and an increase in limb movements during sleep after SCI. Copyright (c) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel
- ItemSomente MetadadadosDiffusion tensor imaging of the cervical spinal cord of patients with Neuromyelitis Optica(Elsevier B.V., 2014-06-01) Rivero, Rene L. M. [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Enedina M. L. [UNIFESP]; Bichuetti, Denis B. [UNIFESP]; Gabbai, Alberto Alain [UNIFESP]; Nogueira, Roberto G. [UNIFESP]; Abdala, Nitamar [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background: Previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) metrics, but the conclusions were based on evaluations of the entire cervical spinal cord.Objectives: the purpose of this study was to quantify the FA and MD values in the spinal cord of NMO patients, separating the lesion sites from the preserved sites, which has not been previously preformed. in addition, we attempted to identify a correlation with EDSS.Methods: DTI was performed in 11 NMO patients and 11 healthy individuals using a 1.5-T MRI scanner. We measured the FA and MD at ROIs positioned along the cervical spinal cord. the mean values of FA and MD at lesion, preserved and spinal cord sites were compared with those of a control group. We tested the correlations between the mean FA and MD with EDSS.Results: FA in NMO patients was significantly reduced in lesion sites (0.44 vs. 0.55, p = 0.0046), preserved sites (0.46 vs. 0.55, p = 0.0015), and all sites (0.45 vs 0.55, p = 0.0013) while MD increased only in lesion sites (1.03 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s vs. 0.90 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s, p = 0.009). the FA demonstrated the best correlation with EDSS (r = -0.7603, p = 0.0086), particularly at lesion sites.Conclusions: the results reinforce the importance of the FA index and confirm the hypothesis that NMO is a diffuse disease. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Influência da neurotransmissão espinal sobre o tônus vasomotor simpático no modelo de hipertensão renovascular(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-09-28) Milanez, Maycon Igor De Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Campos, Ruy Ribeiro de [UNIFESP]; Nishi, Erika Emy [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7541161319820480; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2520398649906832; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3824577896468410; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Previous studies showed a higher glutamate and angiotensin II (ANG II) receptors activation in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) that may lead to sympathoexcitationin renovascular hypertensive rats (2K-1C). However, the role of the spinal cord neurons on the renal sympathoexcitation remains unclear in this model. Thus, we aimed to assess the influence of spinal glutamatergic (ionotropic receptors) and AT1 angiotensin II (Ang II) receptors on the renal sympathetic nerve activity (rSNA) in renovascular hypertension. Male Wistar (250-300g) rats were distributed into two independent groups: control (CTL) (n=21) and 2K-1Crats (n=19). Renovascular hypertension was induced by clipping the renal artery with a silver clip. After six weeks a catheter (PE-10) was inserted into the subarachnoid space and advanced to the T10-11 vertebrae level in urethane-anaesthetized rats (1,2 g/Kg, iv). The effects of intrathecal (i.t.) injection of kynurenic acid (KYN) or losartan (Los) on mean blood pressure (MAP) and rSNA were analyzed for 2 consecutive hours. KYN i.t. injection induced a larger and significant fall on rSNA in the 2K1C compared to control group (CTL x 2K1C: -8 ± 3 x -52 ± 9* spikes/s after 120´). Los i.t. injection also evoked a larger and significant fall in rSNA in the 2K1C compared to control group from 80’ after losartan i.t. administration (CTL x 2K1C – 80 min: -10 ± 2 x -32 ± 6*; 100 min: -15 ± 4 x -37 ± 9*; 120 min: -12 ± 5 x -37 ± 8* spikes/s). KYN decreased BP similarly in CTL and 2K-1C groups, however, Los significantly decreased MAP in the 2K1C group only. Moreover, we found a reduction in the renal baroreflex gain post i.t. of Kyn in CTL and 2K-1C groups. The i.t. administration of Los evoked an increase in the renal baroreflex gain, but only for sympathoinhibitory reflex responses in the 2K-1C group, and reduced the sympathoexcitatory gain in CTL group. Therefore, our data show that ionotropic spinal cord excitatory aminoacid and AT1 angiotensin II receptors play an important role in the control of rSNA in the 2K-1C model that may contribute to the maintenance of hypertension. Changes in rSNA induced by arterial baroreceptor reflex are in part dependent of AT1 angiotensin II and glutamatergic receptors in the spinal cord in 2K1C and control rats. The origin of those projections remains unclear.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Modelo experimental de lesão raquimedular em ratos com dispositivo para acesso de agentes terapêuticos locais(Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, 2007-01-01) Braga Silva, Jefferson [UNIFESP]; Gehlen, Daniel; Roman, Javier A.; Machado, Denise Cantarelli; Costa, Jaderson Costa Da; Faúndez, Manuel; Orsi, Victor Vieira; Braga, Rafael; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)An experimental model of spinal cord injury at a precise and reproducible site is an extremely important tool for studying new therapies in spinal cord injuries. OBJECTIVES: To develop an experimental model of spinal cord injury in rats that is able to produce a complete injury (paraplegia) and placing a system enabling agents access close to injury site in order to test local therapeutic agents. METHODS: Fifteen Wistar rats were submitted to surgical transection of the spine, performed by using scissors at the level of T-13 to L-3 vertebral bodies, and, at the end of the procedure, to the insertion of a subdermal catheter intended to enable local therapeutic agents access to injury site. RESULTS: An experimental model of paraplegia was consistently developed by adding a supplementary catheter for local therapeutic agents access to injury site. CONCLUSION: An animal model of spinal cord injury and a system for local therapeutic agents access can be reproduced for the study of different modifiers of the regenerative response in a model of rats with spinal cord injury.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosQuality of life and self-esteem of persons with paraplegia living in SA o pound Paulo, Brazil(Springer, 2009-02-01) Blanes, Leila [UNIFESP]; Carmagnani, Maria Isabel S. [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia M. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) and self-esteem of paraplegic persons.The sample consisted of 60 outpatients with traumatic paraplegia living in SA o pound Paulo, Brazil, from whom clinical and demographic data were obtained. QoL was assessed by the 36-item Short-Form (SF-36) health survey questionnaire, and self-esteem was measured by Rosenberg's Self-Esteem (RSE) scale. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test, analysis of variance and Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) test at a significance level of 5%.Participants were predominately men (86.7%) with a mean age of 32.9 (standard deviation [SD] = 9.47) years, low education level and low income. the SF-36 dimensions that received the lowest scores were physical functioning, role physical and role emotional. Cronbach's alpha for the SF-36 questionnaire was 0.80. A significant statistical difference was found between the presence of pressure ulcers and low scores on mental health (P = 0.001), as determined by Student's t-test. the mean self-esteem score was 8.35 and there was a significant statistical difference between low self-esteem scores and occupation (P = 0.008).Participants reported low QoL and self-esteem. the results provide background information that may be useful in the development of strategies to reduce the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on the life and health of persons with SCI, improving their QoL.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSpinal Cord Damage in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1(Springer, 2017) Martins, Carlos Roberto, Jr.; Muro Martinez, Alberto Rolim; Ribeiro de Rezende, Thiago Junqueira; Teixeira Branco, Lucas Melo; Pedroso, Jose Luiz [UNIFESP]; Barsottini, Orlando G. P. [UNIFESP]; Lopes-Cendes, Iscia; Franca, Marcondes C., Jr.Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion, characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal signs. Non-motor and extracerebellar symptoms may occur. MRI-based studies in SCA1 focused in the cerebellum and connections, but there are no data about cord damage in the disease and its clinical relevance. To evaluate in vivo spinal cord damage in SCA1, a group of 31 patients with SCA1 and 31 age- and gender-matched healthy controls underwent MRI on a 3T scanner. We used T1-weighted 3D images to estimate the cervical spinal cord area (CA) and eccentricity (CE) at three C2/C3 levels based on a semi-automatic image segmentation protocol. The scale for assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) was used to quantify disease severity. The groups were significantly different regarding CA (47.26 +/- 7.4 vs. 68.8 +/- 5.7 mm2, p < 0.001) and CE values (0.803 +/- 0.044 vs. 0.774 +/- 0.043, p < 0.05). Furthermore, in the patient group, CA presented significant correlation with SARA scores (R = -0.633, p < 0.001) and CAGn expansion (R = -0.658, p < 0.001). CE was not associated with SARA scores (p = 0.431). In the multiple variable regression, CA was strongly associated with disease duration (coefficient -0.360, p < 0.05) and CAGn expansion (coefficient -1.124, p < 0.001). SCA1 is characterized by cervical cord atrophy and anteroposterior flattening. Morphometric analyses of the spinal cord MRI might be a useful biomarker in the disease.