Navegando por Palavras-chave "Speech perception"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Auto percepção do benefício auditivo e o reconhecimento de fala em usuários de implante coclear(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017) Muller, Renata [UNIFESP]; Chiari, Brasilia Maria [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3118172851522969 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2348007820897194; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objetivo: correlacionar o desempenho nos testes de percepção de fala no silêncio e no ruído com a auto-percepção do benefício auditivo em adultos usuários de Implante Coclear e correlacionar o desempenho nos testes com o tempo de uso do Implante Coclear. Métodos: foram selecionados 27 usuários de Implante Coclear entre 12 e 75 anos que tiveram a aquisição da deficiência auditiva no período pós-lingual, usavam predominantemente o código linguístico oral, faziam uso do dispositivo há, pelo menos, um ano e apresentaram limiar tonal em campo livre menor que 40 dBA. Todos os participantes foram submetidos à audiometria tonal em campo livre, responderam o questionário HISQUI19, que avalia a auto percepção da qualidade sonora do Implante Coclear e testes de percepção de fala no silêncio e no ruído. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes do estudo classificaram a qualidade sonora do Implante Coclear como "moderada". A média de desempenho para os testes no silêncio foi de 46,06dBA e 79,65% de acertos. Para os testes do ruído a média foi de 78,69dBA e 29% de acertos. Foi possível observar que os participantes que classificaram a qualidade sonora do Implante Coclear como "pobre" foram os que tiveram pior desempenho nos testes de fala, assim como aqueles que classificaram como "muito boa" são os que tiveram melhor desempenho. Para todos os testes de percepção de fala houve melhor desempenho daqueles que utilizam o dispositivo há mais tempo, porém só houve diferença estatisticamente significante para o teste de reconhecimento de fala no silêncio (p=0,047). Na comparação das respostas ao HISQUI19 em relação ao tempo de uso, os participantes que classificaram melhor a qualidade sonora do Implante Coclear são aqueles que usam o dispositivo há mais tempo, porém não houve diferença estatisticamente significante. Em relação à orelha implantada, 16 participantes usavam o dispositivo na orelha direita e 11 na orelha esquerda. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante quando comparamos o lado implantando com o desempenho dos testes de percepção de fala. Conclusões: independentemente do tempo de uso do dispositivo e/ou do desempenho nos testes de percepção de fala a maioria dos participantes classificou a qualidade sonora do Implante Coclear como "moderada". Os participantes que classificaram a qualidade sonora como "muito boa" são aqueles que obtiveram melhor desempenho nos testes de percepção de fala. É fundamental a avaliação contínua do desempenho dos usuários desse dispositivo para que seja possível mensurar suas habilidades de comunicação e também o que pode ser feito para melhorá-la. Além disso a aplicação de testes que possibilitem mensurar a satisfação e o benefício dos usuários deve fazer parte da rotina clínica dos centros de implante. Apesar de haver estudos que justificam a implantação na orelha direita devido ao cruzamento de informações no hemisfério cerebral, não pudemos observar melhor desempenho daqueles implantados à orelha direita.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação do processamento auditivo em crianças nascidas pré-termo(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2011-01-01) Gallo, Julia [UNIFESP]; Dias, Karin Ziliotto [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Liliane Desgualdo [UNIFESP]; Azevedo, Marisa Frasson de [UNIFESP]; Sousa, Elaine Colombo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: To verify the performance of children born preterm on auditory processing evaluation, and to correlate the data with behavioral hearing assessment carried out at 12 months of age, comparing the results to those of auditory processing evaluation of children born full-term. METHODS: Participants were 30 children with ages between 4 and 7 years, who were divided into two groups: Group 1 (children born preterm), and Group 2 (children born full-term). The auditory processing results of Group 1 were correlated to data obtained from the behavioral auditory evaluation carried out at 12 months of age. The results were compared between groups. RESULTS: Subjects in Group 1 presented at least one risk indicator for hearing loss at birth. In the behavioral auditory assessment carried out at 12 months of age, 38% of the children in Group 1 were at risk for central auditory processing deficits, and 93.75% presented auditory processing deficits on the evaluation. Significant differences were found between the groups for the temporal order test, the PSI test with ipsilateral competitive message, and the speech-in-noise test. The delay in sound localization ability was associated to temporal processing deficits. CONCLUSION: Children born preterm have worse performance in auditory processing evaluation than children born full-term. Delay in sound localization at 12 months is associated to deficits on the physiological mechanism of temporal processing in the auditory processing evaluation carried out between 4 and 7 years.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeito da estimulação acústica por meio de próteses auditivas nos sintomas depressivos, desempenho cognitivo e qualidade de vida em idosos com perda auditiva(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-02-22) Ghiringhelli, Rosangela [UNIFESP]; Martinelli, Maria Cecilia [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1333051805628540; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0172118693019592; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Preditividade das sentenças do protocolo de avaliação da inteligibilidade de fala nas disartrias(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2011-01-01) Alexandre, Erika [UNIFESP]; Barreto, Simone Dos Santos; Ortiz, Karin Zazo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal Fluminense Departamento de Formação EspecíficaPURPOSE: To analyze the predictability of sentences used in the protocol for the assessment of intelligibility of dysarthric speech. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 120 volunteers divided randomly into four groups of 30 individuals.Based on the list of 25 sentences from the protocol, four versions of lists were elaborated. In each version, a different target word was omitted from the sentences. Each group of participants completed a different list version by graphically filling in the blanks with the first word that came to mind, while keeping the sentences coherent. Statistical analyses were carried out to classify sentences according to their predictability, to compare predictability of the words in each sentence, and to compare the different list versions. RESULTS: Three sentences presented high predictability; seven, average predictability; and fifteen, low predictability. Differences in the predictability of target words were found in 84% of the sentences (p<;0.0054). The comparison of list versions revealed that version 1 differed from the others (p<;0.002), and was less predictable. CONCLUSION: Low predictability sentences predominated in the protocol for assessment of speech intelligibility used in this study, suggesting that these sentences can be used reliably for assessing intelligibility. Analysis of intelligibility in sentences based on target words can be used in clinical practice, especially when the predictability of the sentences is known.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Reconhecimento de fala no nível de máximo conforto em pacientes adultos com perda auditiva neurossensorial(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2009-01-01) Zaboni, Zuleica Costa [UNIFESP]; Iorio, Maria Cecilia Martinelli [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: To obtain the Percentage Index of Speech Recognition (PISR) at maximum comfortable level (MCL) in adults with mild to moderately severe (up to 60 dB) sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS: The subjects evaluated were grouped according to the degree of hearing loss (Groups I, II and III). The groups were further divided into subgroups (IA,IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB) as it follows. In the subgroup A of each group, the PISR was determined at 40 dB SL, beginning with the right ear. The patient was then requested to inform how comfortable the sound was at this level of stimuli presentation, according to a scale with four possibilities: low, comfortable, high and excessively high. After that, the maximum comfortable level (MCL) was obtained, and the PISR was carried out using that intensity level. In the subgroup B of each group, the same procedure was carried out, only reversely, performing initially the PISR at MCL, and then at 40 dB SL. In this subgroup the test began with the left ear. RESULTS: After evaluating the subjects of the three groups, the mean MCL was calculated. It varied from 25 to 32.95 dB SL. The subjects had better results in the PISR when stimuli were presented at MCL. CONCLUSION: PISR evaluation at MCL, for individuals with mild to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss, provides better Speech Recognition results.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Speechreading as a communication mediator(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2014-02-01) Oliveira, Letícia Neves de; Soares, Alexandra Dezani [UNIFESP]; Chiari, Brasilia Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Purposes:To compare the speechreading between individuals with hearing impairment and with normal hearing levels to verify the factors that influence the speechreading among hearing impaired patients.Methods:Forty individuals with severe-to-profound hearing loss aged between 13 and 70 years old (study group) and 21 hearing individuals aged between 17 and 63 years old (control group) were evaluated. As a research instrument, anamnesis was used to characterize the groups; three speechreading instruments, presenting stimuli via a mute video, with a female speaker; and a vocabulary test, to verify their influence on speechreading. A descriptive and analytical statistics (ANOVA test and Pearson's correlation), adopting a significance level of 0.05 (5%).Results:A better performance was observed in the group with hearing impairment in speechreading tests than in the group with hearing individuals. By analyzing the group with hearing loss, there was a mean difference between tests (p<0.001), which also showed correlation between them. Individuals with pre-lingual hearing loss and those who underwent therapy for speechreading had a better performance for most speechreading instruments. The variables gender and schooling showed no influence on speechreading.Conclusion:Individuals with hearing impairment had better performance on speechreading tasks in comparison to people with normal hearing. Furthermore, it was found that the ability to perform speechread might be influenced by the vocabulary, period of installation of the hearing loss, and speechreading therapy.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Termos descritivos da própria voz: comparação entre respostas apresentadas por fonoaudiólogos e não-fonoaudiólogos(CEFAC Saúde e Educação, 2010-08-01) Bicalho, Andressa Duarte [UNIFESP]; Behlau, Mara [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Gisele [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: to compare speech-language pathologists and non speech-language pathologists' responses concerning the evaluation of their own voices and to verify if speech-language pathologists have a different self-perception from the others. METHOD: two hundred female subjects, 100 speech-language pathologists and 100 non speech-language pathologists, with mean age: 35 year, took part in the study. The average time of university degree for the speech-language pathologists were mainly from 0 to 3 years (32%), most of them acting in the area of voice (55%) and oral motricity (45%). The non speech-language pathologists had all sort of professions, such as physicians, teachers, lawyers and others. There was no control on the professional use of voice. The participants in the study did a self-evaluation, using a 5 point scale: excellent, very good, good, reasonable and bad, and indicated positive and negative vocal attributes using a protocol developed by Behlau & Pontes (1995) based on the Distinctive terms for the voice (Boone, 1991). RESULTS: speech-language pathologists and non speech-language pathologists showed different responses in the self-evaluation of their voices. There was a greater occurrence of very good voices for speech-language pathologist (28%, p=0.041). Speech-language pathologists selected more positive characteristics that non speech-language pathologists (53.6% and 46.4 respectively). The positive characteristic of adequate voice was the most selected by speech-language pathologists (31%, p=0.001) and the negative word of loud voice was the most selected by non speech-language pathologists (34%, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: speech-language pathologists self-evaluated their own voices in a different way than non speech-language pathologists, especially on the categorization of very good quality of voice. While the adequate voice characteristic was the only positive qualifier in greater occurrence for speech-language pathologists, loud voice was the only negative qualifier for non speech- language pathologists.