Navegando por Palavras-chave "Satiety"

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    Effect of aerobic exercise on hunger feelings and satiety regulating hormones in obese teenage girls
    (Human Kinetics Publ Inc, 2014-11-01) Prado, Wagner Luiz do [UNIFESP]; Lofrano-Prado, Mara Cristina; Tenório, Thiago Ricardo dos Santos; Balagopal, P. Babu; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Botero, João Paulo [UNIFESP]; Hill, James O.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Nemours Childrens Clin; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE); Univ Colorado
    Exercise is implicated in modifying subsequent energy intake (EI) through alterations in hunger and/or satiety hormones. Our aim was to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on hunger, satiety regulatory peptides, and EI in obese adolescents. Nine obese girls (age: 13-18 years old, BMI: 33.74 +/- 4.04 kg/m(2)) participated in this randomized controlled crossover study. Each participant randomly underwent 2 experimental protocols: control (seated for 150 min) and exercise (exercised for 30 min on a treadmill performed at ventilatory threshold [VT] intensity and then remained seated for 120 min). Leptin, peptide YY3-36 (PYY3-36), and subjective hunger were measured at baseline as well as 30 min and 150 min, followed by 24-hr EI measurement. Exercise session resulted in an acute increase in PYY3-36 (p < .01) without changes in leptin and/or hunger scores. the control session increased hunger scores (p < .01) and decreased circulating leptin levels (p = .03). There was a strong effect size for carbohydrate intake (d = 2.14) and a modest effect size for protein intake (d = 0.61) after the exercise compared with the control session. Exercise performed at VT intensity in this study appears to provoke a state of transient anorexia in obese girls. These changes may be linked to an increase in circulating PYY3-36 and maintenance of leptin levels.
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    Perfil de hormônios e lipídios circulantes em pacientes com lipodistrofia generalizada congênita em resposta à ingestão alimentar
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-07-31) Araujo, Camilla Oliveira Duarte De [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Eliane Beraldi [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    Patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) are not able to store lipids in the adipose tissue, which causes hypoleptinemia, increased appetite, ectopic fat deposition and lipotoxicity. However, a direct comparison between CGL and eutrophic individuals is lacking, regarding both appetite parameters and acylated ghrelin levels, the hormone form that is active in acute food intake stimulation. Moreover, the consequences of the derangements of lipid metabolism on plasma lipids have not been fully examined. The objective of the present study was to address whether and in what extent the subjective appetite parameters and acylated ghrelin response to a meal are affected in CGL individuals, in comparison to eutrophic individuals. An obese group was included in the study, to allow the comparison between a leptin-resistant and a leptin-deficient condition on these aspects. Additionnaly, the plasma lipidomic profile of CGL patients, in comparison to eutrophic individuals, was evaluated at the fasted state and after the intake of a meal. Eutrophic controls (EUT, n=10), obese subjects (OB, n=10) and CGL (n=11) were fasted overnight and then received an ad libitum meal. Blood was collected and the visual analogue scale was applied before and 90 minutes after the meal. Additional blood samples were collected at 30 and 60 minutes for ghrelin determinations. In the CGL patients and eutrophic controls, non-target lipidomics was performed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The CGL patients showed low fasting levels of leptin and adiponectin, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. The caloric intake was similar among the 3 groups. However, both CGL and OB had shorter satiation times than EUT. The CGL patients also had lower satiety time and their sensation of hunger was less attenuated by the meal. Fasting acylated ghrelin levels were lower in CGL than in EUT. After the meal, the levels tended to decrease in EUT but not in CGL and OB individuals. Regarding the lipidomic analysis, clear differences were detected between the groups. Several molecular species of fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphyngolipids were altered in the CGL group. All the detected molecular species of fatty acyls were upregulated. Increments of several species of diacylglycerols and of one triacylglycerols species were also observed in the CGL group. Among the glycerophospholipids, we observed alterations of some glycerophosphoethanolamines and glycerophosphoserines species, and of one species of cardiolipins. Among the sphingolipids, one sphingomyelin and one glycosphingolipid species showed downregulation in CGL. The data indicate that CGL patients present appetite disturbances in relation to eutrophic individuals. Their low fasting levels of acylated ghrelin and the absence of the physiological drop after refeeding suggest a role of these disturbances in hunger attenuation and satiety but not in acute satiation. The alterations in the lipid profile of CGL patients indicate that, besides the direct impact of the impairment of TAGs synthesis and lipid droplets formation, the metabolism of complex lipids is also affected in CGL patients. The findings highlight the importance of a deeper comprehension of the role of specific lipid categories in the metabolic derangements present in CGL.
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    Regulation of energy intake may be impaired in nutritionally stunted children from the shantytowns of Sao Paulo, Brazil
    (Amer Inst Nutrition, 2000-09-01) Hoffman, Daniel Jay; Roberts, Susan B.; Verreschi, Ieda Therezinha do Nascimento [UNIFESP]; Martins, Paula Andrea [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Celia de; Tucker, Katherine L.; Sawaya, Ana Lydia [UNIFESP]; Tufts Univ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    We tested the hypothesis that nutritionally stunted children have impaired regulation of energy intake (EI), a factor that could help explain the increased risk of obesity associated with stunting in developing countries. A 3-d residency study was conducted in 56 prepubertal boys and girls aged 8-11 y from the shantytowns of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-seven of the subjects were stunted and 29 were not stunted; weight-for-height Z-scores were not significantly different between the groups. Parents of the two groups had equivalent heights and body mass indices. Measurements were made of voluntary EI from a self-selection menu, resting energy expenditure (REE) and body composition. In addition, a 753-kJ yogurt supplement was administered at breakfast on one study day (with an equal number of children receiving the supplement on each of the 3 study days) and its effect on daily EI assessed. There was no change in EI over time in either group (P = 0.957), and no significant difference in EI between stunted and nonstunted children, even though the stunted children weighed 10% less. Energy intake per kilogram body weight was significantly higher n the stunted children (278 +/- 89 (so), vs. 333 +/- 67 kJ/kg, P < 0.05) and EI/REE was also significantly higher (1.91 +/- 0.34 vs. 1.68 +/- 0.38, P < 0.05). However, the relationship between EI and body weight was not significantly influenced by stunting (P = 0.12). There was no significant effect of the breakfast supplement on daily EI in either group although the absolute difference in EI between supplement and control days was greater in stunted than in nonstunted children (Delta EI: +460 +/- 1574 vs. -103 +/- 1916 kJ/d, P = 0.25). These data provide preliminary evidence consistent with the suggestion that stunted children tend to overeat opportunistically, but further studies are required to confirm these results in a larger study.