Navegando por Palavras-chave "Rabbits"

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    Abdominal wall healing in incisional hernia using different biomaterials in rabbits
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2013-04-01) Aramayo, Ana Letícia Gomes [UNIFESP]; Lopes Filho, Gaspar de Jesus [UNIFESP]; Barbosa, Cirênio de Almeida; Amaral, Vânia da Fonseca; Costa, Luciano Assis; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); University of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais FCMMG Surgery Department; Federal University of Minas Gerais Department of General Pathology; FCMMG
    PURPOSE: To investigate abdominal wound healing using specific biomaterials in incisional hernias. METHODS: Incisional hernias were produced in 40 rabbits, after that they were reoperated with or without the use of meshes: PREMILENE® (PPL), ULTRAPRO® (UP), PROCEED® (PCD) or repairing without mesh (TRANSPALB). After 30 days a macroscopic and microscopic study of the part withdrawn from the abdominal wall was performed. RESULTS: Macroscopic: adhesion Area: PPL> UP and PCD (p = 0.031). Vascularization: PPL> UP and PCD (p = 0.001). PPL groups (p = 0.032) and PCD (p <0.001) showed greater meshes shrinkages when compared to UP. Microscopic: neutrophils: PCD> PPL, UP and TRANSPALB (p = 0.010); eosinophils: PPL> UP, and TRANSPALB PCD (p = 0.010); granulation tissue: PPL and PCD> UP and TRANSPALB (p <0.001); macrophages : PPL, UP and PCD> TRANSPALB (p <0.001); lymphocytes: PPL and PCD> UP (p = 0.009) and TRANSPALB (p <0.001); giant cells: PPL, UP and PCD> TRANSPALB (p <0.001); viscera adhered: PPL and UP> PCD and TRANSPALB (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: All types of meshes caused the formation of adhesions. The UP and PCD groups showed lower area and vascularization of the adhesions. The PPL and PCD groups showed higher meshes shrinkage and there was a predominance of acute inflammatory process in the PCD group.
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    Ação da inibição da enzima conversora da angiotensina em aorta, fígado, rim e pâncreas em condições de hipercolesterolemia e hiperglicemia induzidas experimentalmente
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-07-28) Pomaro, Daniel Roberto [UNIFESP]; Ihara, Silvia Saiuli Miki [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Diabetes Mellitus is a major risk factor for vascular disease and the imbalance of the renin-angiotensin system exerts deleterious effects on various organs, further the use of ACE inhibitor or AT1 receptor blockers may exerts a beneficial effect. Objective: We performed a retrospective study where the effect of an ACE inhibitor, quinapril, on changes in target organs such as aorta, liver, kidney and pancreas of diabetic and hypercholesterolemic rabbits was analyzed. Methods: We performed a retrospective study on tissue samples of aorta, liver, kidney and pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits which have also become hypercolesterolemic through a rich cholesterol fed. The animals were divided into four groups according to glucose levels (Group I = 432 ± 45 mg / dL, Group II = 514 ± 40 mg / dL, Group III = 149 ± 09 mg / dL, Group IV = 156 ± 10 mg / dL). The rabbits in groups II and IV received quinapril (30 mg/day) in their food and all animals received a diet enriched with 0.5% cholesterol for 12 weeks. The following parameters were analyzed: in the aorta – the immunohistochemical expression of MCP-1 and ICAM-1, and an in vitro assay using endothelial cells of rabbit aorta by analyzing the expression thereof were analyzed. In the kidney – it was analyzed the histopathology, histomorphometry and the immunostaining of macrophages, MCP-1 and ICAM- 1. In the liver – we performed a histopathological analysis and the evaluation of fibrosis was accessed by image analysis. In the pancreas – it was analyzed the histopathologic and the histomorphometric changes and an in vitro assay using isolated islets from rabbits was performed to evaluate the oxidative stress. Results: In the aorta there was a reduction in the immunohistochemical expression of ICAM-1 by treatment with ACE inhibitors in both tissue and endothelial cells cultured, however, this reduction was abolished in the presence of high concentrations of glucose. The immunohistochemical expression of MCP-1 was lower in animals treated with ACE inhibitors, but in cell culture the immuno-expression was not modified by treatment with ACE inhibitors, but by the concentration of glucose in the medium. In the kidney, the use of an ACE inhibitor attenuated the glomerular lesions and reduced the immunohistochemical expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1. In the liver, the use of an ACEI reduced hepatic fibrosis, but this protective effect was not significant in animals hyperglycemic. In the pancreas, the ACEI treatment did not protect the islets destroyed by alloxan, but in the in vitro assay the oxidative stress was reduced. Conclusion: We found that the ACE inhibitor attenuated the changes in the kidney, but in aorta, liver and isolated pancreatic islets this protection depends on glycemic control.
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    Adesivo biológico de fibrina na mioescleropexia posterior em coelhos: estudo experimental
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2004-04-01) Moreira, Ana Tereza Ramos [UNIFESP]; Bottós, Juliana Mantovani; Bottós, Kátia Mantovani; Buquera, Michele; Anjos, Adilson Dos; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Paraná Departamento de Oftalmologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Hospital de Olhos do Paraná; Universidade Federal do Paraná Laboratório de Estatística
    PURPOSES: 1. To evaluate the adhesion capacity of the fibrin biological adhesive in surgery of posterior fixation of the superior rectus muscle, when it is used for the reduction of the arc of contact. 2. To compare the reduction of the superior rectus muscle's action of eyes in which the biological adhesive has been used with those used as a control group. METHODS: The sample consisted of 30 animals, 60 eyes. One of the eyes of each animal was treated with biological adhesive (30 eyes), while the other was used as a control (30 eyes). All animals were sacrificed on the 60th postoperative day. Muscle reduction was analyzed and the sizes of the adherences produced at surgery and after 60 days were measured. RESULTS: The fibrin clot was produced immediately after applying the biological adhesive and at the end of few seconds all muscle fibers were adhered to the sclera. All muscles treated with biological adhesive showed reduction in motor function on the 60th postoperative day when compared with the control group. The sizes of the initially produced adherence compared with those after 60 days was reduced 28.48%. There was an ascending and positive but weak correlation (r=0.367204). There must exist other variables affecting adherence reduction. There was no significant inflammatory reaction or any other complication related to the surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical results of motor function demonstrated that the biological adhesive of fibrin produced muscle-scleral adhesion, reducing the arc of contact of the superior rectus muscle in rabbits.
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    Adhesion prevention in reabsorbable polyethylene glycol hydrogel (Coseal (R)) coated polypropylene mesh in rabbits
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2013-12-01) Quinino, Reynaldo Martins e [UNIFESP]; Araujo-Filho, Irami; Lima, Francisco Piganataro; Barbosa, Andre Luis Costa; Maia, Tatiana de Carvalho; Goldenberg, Alberto [UNIFESP]; Rio Grande do Norte Fed Univ UFRN; UFRN; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To evaluate of postoperative adhesion prevention and inflammatory response to polypropylene mesh, coated with reabsorbable hydrogel of polyethylene glycol (Coseal (R)) in contact with small bowel in an experimental model in rabbits.METHODS: Twenty female rabbits underwent laparotomy to implant two polypropylene meshes, 2x1cm, in the right and left flanks. The right mesh was protected with Coseal (R) spray (Group 1) and the left mesh received no treatment after implantation (Group 2). Thirty days after implantation, the rabbits underwent laparoscopy for adhesion analysis; the prosthesis were removed en bloc with the adjacent tissue for microscopic analysis of inflammation. Statistical analysis used the Mann-Whitney test.RESULTS: There was adhesion formation in five meshes (36%) from Group 1 and in 14 meshes (100%) from Group 2, with statistical significance (p<0.01). There were no differences in the inflammatory response, fibrosis, foreign body reaction, presence of collagen and type of inflammatory cells between the two groups.CONCLUSION: Polypropylene mesh coated with Coseal (R) showed a significantly lower rate of adhesion formation when compared with uncoated meshes, without interfering with inflammatory response.
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    Análise das alterações na curvatura corneana com implante intra-estromal: estudo experimental em coelhos
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2007-03-01) Godoy, Cinara Sakuma De Oliveira; Wahab, Samia Ali; Moreira, Hamilton [UNIFESP]; Moreira, Luciane Bugman; Godoy, Glaucio De [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal do Paraná; UFPR; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná; Hospital de Olhos do Paraná
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of intrastromal corneal ring implantation on corneal curvature in rabbits. METHODS: Thirty eyes of 15 rabbits were divided into two groups: group 1 with 7 animals and group 2 with 8 animals. The left eye underwent surgery and the right eye was used as control. Ultrasound pachymetry and corneal topography were performed prior to surgery. Anterior segment biomicroscopy and corneal topography were performed after surgery. In group 1, implantation of two ring segments was performed. In group 2, ring segments were implanted separately. Topographical findings, before and after surgery, were compared through quantitative and qualitative alterations and divided into four quadrants. RESULTS: Quantitative analysis showed no significant difference between the groups in the preoperative period. Experiment group 1 showed nasal (p=0.02) and temporal (p=0.04) corneal steepening, compared to control group 1. Experiment group 2 showed nasal and temporal corneal steepening and superior and inferior corneal flattening (p=0.02 for all quadrants) compared to the control group 2. Qualitative analysis showed uniform astigmatism in both control groups. In experiment group 1, against-the-rule regular symmetrical astigmatism was observed after surgery. In experiment group 2, against-the-rule regular asymmetrical astigmatism was found after implantation of the first ring segment, and against the rule regular symmetrical astigmatism was observed after implantation of the second segment. CONCLUSION: In this study, significant corneal flattening occurred in quadrants where ring segments extremities were located and corneal steepening was observed in quadrants where its body was located. Implantation of one ring segment induces asymmetrical astigmatism.
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    Análise dos efeitos da vitamina D3 em modelo experimental de aterosclerose induzida por dieta
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-10-20) Carvalho, Juliana Goncalves [UNIFESP]; Ihara, Silvia Saiuli Miki [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Thiago Simão [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3549547076658230; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6248521668115511; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3936428085478540; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objetivo: Baixas concentrações de vitamina D aumentam o risco de doenças cardiovasculares. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os efeitos da vitamina D em um modelo experimental de coelhos alimentados com uma dieta enriquecida com banha/sacarose/colesterol (BSC). Metodologia: Coelhos (n= 20) foram alimentados com ração padrão enriquecida com banha 10%, Sacarose 40% e Colesterol 0,5% (BSC), por 12 semanas. Após esse período, os animais foram distribuídos em 4 grupos. Os grupos GI e GII receberam uma dieta BSC com colesterol a 0,1% e os animais dos Grupos GIII e GIV receberam ração padrão, até a 24ª semana. Os animais dos grupos GII e GIII continuaram a receber ração padrão até o final do experimento e vitamina D 1000UI diariamente por via oral. Nos períodos de 0, 12 e 24 semanas, os seguintes parâmetros foram avaliados: peso, perfil lipídico, glicose, insulina, SOD e CAT. Após a 24ª semana os animais foram eutanasiados, retiramos a aorta até a bifurcação ilíaca para análise das placas de ateroma por planimetria macroscópica e análise histopatológica e histomorfométrica de lâminas histológicas de fragmentos de aorta coradas por HE e deposição de cálcio pela coloração de Von Kossa. Realizamos análise histopatológica nos tecidos de fígado, rim e pâncreas. No fígado, avaliamos o grau de fibrose pela coloração de Picro Sirius. Analisamos a expressão, por reação de imuno-histoquímica, de ICAM-1, MCP-1 e e-Nos no rim, pâncreas e aorta, e insulina no pâncreas. As variáveis foram analisadas por testes não-paramétricos de Kruskal-Wallis seguido do teste de Dunn e o teste exato de Fischer para as variáveis categóricas. Consideramos como significância estatística o valor de p< 0,05. Resultados: A análise dos parâmetros séricos de colesterol total, TG, HDL-c, glicose e insulina evidenciou diferença significativa apenas nos níveis de TG e VLDL-c. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos analisados com relação à porcentagem de aorta acometida com placa. Há relação entre a I/M e deposição de cálcio nas aortas nas porções do arco, torácica e abdominal, mas sem diferença significativa entre os grupos analisados. A atividade das enzimas oxidativas SOD e CAT também não apresentaram diferença significante entre os grupos. A análise histopatológica do fígado evidenciou esteatose hepática, balonização, infiltrado inflamatório e áreas de fibrose formando septos interlobulares. A análise dos rins evidenciou vacuolização das células, calcificação e deposição de macrófagos xantomizados na junção córtico medular. Na análise do pâncreas, não observamos nenhuma alteração histopatológica. As análises de imuno-histoquímica para os anticorpos anti-ICAM-1, anti-MCP-1, anti-e-NOS nos tecidos de aorta, rim e pâncreas, assim como o anticorpo anti-Insulina no pâncreas não evidenciou nenhuma relação significante entre os grupos. Conclusão: Devido ao fator limitante do nosso estudo que foi o pequeno número de animais analisados, não foi possível determinar se a Vitamina D3 foi capaz de modular o processo inflamatório, bem como a atividade das enzimas oxidativas e a imunoexpressão de ICAM-1, MCP-1, eNOS e Insulina.
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    Animal model of chronic abdominal hernia in rabbit
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2009-08-01) Silva, Walter da; Fagundes, Djalma José [UNIFESP]; Seidel, Amélia Cristina [UNIFESP]; Taha, Murched Omar [UNIFESP]; State University of Maringa Health Sciences Center Medicine Department; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); UEM Health Sciences Center Medicine Department
    PURPOSE: To create a feasible animal model of hernia that should be reliable to test the different types of mesh and/or surgical technique. METHODS: Thirty six male New Zealand albino rabbits were submitted to surgical procedure to provoke a standard hole in the abdominal wall. A metallic frame measuring 3 cm length and 1 cm width was allocated longitudinally on the umbilicus scar and the comprehensive three squared centimeters area was resected. A continuous 4.0 polyamide was performed to closure the subcutaneous and skin. RESULTS: During three weeks a score of signals/symptoms was performed to evaluate the wound and clinical conditions. No death or severe complications occurred. In the 3rd week the hernia ring and visceral adhesions were evaluated. Soft omental adherences were present in the hernial sac in all animals. The area of hernia ring ranged from 32.1±5.5 to 35.6±3.1 squared centimeter and the maximum was 39 cm² and the minimum was 30 cm². The model results in protrusion which was similar to a human incisional hernia with hernia sac, visceral adhesions and fibrous healing ring. CONCLUSION: The model was more reliable to test further techniques or mesh on hernia repair.
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    Apendicectomia pelas técnicas de ligadura simples e de sepultamento sem ligadura do coto apendicular: estudo comparativo em coelhos
    (Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, 2001-12-01) Cabral Junior, Alfredo Soares; Simões, Manuel de Jesus [UNIFESP]; Goldenberg, Saul [UNIFESP]; Novo, Neil Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Juliano, Yara [UNIFESP]; Magalhães, Hélio Pereira; UNISA; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); UNISA Disciplina de Bases de Técnica Cirúrgica e de Anestesia
    BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare two surgical techniques: tie and drop(A) and purse string without ligation of apendicular stump.(B) METHOD: The study included 36 young male New Zealand inbred rabbits, randomly distributed into two groups of 18, divided into three subgroups of six each, when eutanasia was done after postoperative periods of 7, 14, and 21 days. The animals were macroscopically evaluated according to the wound presence of abscess or dehiscense, and the abdominal cavity was evaluated according to the presence of peritoneal adhesions. Histological evaluation was conducted according to the following parameters: acute and chronic inflammatory infiltration, fibrosis, foreign-body granuloma, necrosis and mucosal layer integrity. RESULTS: No significants differences were found in the macroscopy studies in the postoperative periods of 7, 14 and 21 days, according to the wound presence of abscess or dehiscense; peritoneal adhesions presence were found in both techniques. As regards the histological findings in postoperative day 21, a difference on acute inflammatory infiltration, higher in group B, and the integrity of the mucosal layer, higher in group A were found. Counting of colagenous fibers in postoperative day 21 was significantly higher in group B. CONCLUSION: Regarding the histological findings, tie and drop technique is better than the purse string without ligation of apendicular stump.
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    Aspectos histológicos do ovário de coelhas após criopreservação
    (Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 2005-11-01) Thomaz, Beatriz Angélica Charlotte; Biondo-simões, Maria De Lourdes Pessole [UNIFESP]; Almodin, Carlos Gilberto [UNIFESP]; Minguetti-camara, Vânia Cibele; Ceschin, Álvaro Pigato; Ioshii, Sergio Ossamu; PUCPR Instituto de Fertilidade; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Paraná Departamento de Cirurgia; Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões; Materbaby Reprodução Humana e Genética; e Genética Universidade Estadual de Maringá; Faculdade de Medicina Evangélica do Paraná Instituto de Pesquisas Médicas; Universidade de Mie
    PURPOSE: to evaluate follicular preservation and histologic characteristics of the cryopreserved ovarian tissue and to compare with the fresh one, in rabbits. METHODS: ten adult female white rabbits were submitted to right oophorectomy. The dried ovary was dissected and the cortex was maintained with approximately 1.5 millimeter thickness. The tissue was fractionated into small sections, some reserved for control histologic study and others destined for cryopreservation. Six weeks later the ovarian tissue was thawed and evaluated histologically. After histologic processing, the control and the experimental samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and treated immunohistochemically by the PCNA technique for evaluation of DNA preservation. Histologic alterations present in the fresh and in the cryopreserved tissues were identified, and cryopreserved tissue viability was evaluated. RESULTS: in the cryopreserved tissue only primordial follicles persisted. Reversible alterations were identified: cytoplasmatic vacuolation (p=0,039), stromal lysis (p=0.648) and oocytes with irregular contours (p=0.007). Irreversible alterations: (hyalin degeneration and pyknosis) were found, but not at significant levels (p=0.210). The immunohistochemical analysis showed PCNA staining of follicles at different stages of development in the fresh tissue and primordial follicles in the cryopreserved tissue, indicating the presence of active DNA in both tissues. CONCLUSION: in the cryopreserved ovarian tissue the following were observed: survival of only primordial follicles; significant reversible histologic alterations (cytoplasmic vacuolation, stromal lysis and oocytes with irregular contours); irreversible alterations (hyalin degeneration and pyknosis), and PCNA staining of all follicles.
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    Assessment of the use of cryopreserved x freeze-dried amniotic membrane (AM) for reconstruction of ocular surface in rabbit model
    (Consel Brasil Oftalmologia, 2008-09-01) Libera, Rodrigo Doyle [UNIFESP]; Melo, Gustavo Barreto de; Lima, Acacio de Souza; Haapalainen, Edna Freymuller [UNIFESP]; Cristovam, Priscila; Pereira Gomes, Jose Alvaro; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purpose: To determine the efficacy of freeze-dried amniotic membrane (AM) for reconstruction of the ocular surface in rabbit eyes. Methods: the sterilized, freeze-dried amniotic membrane (lyophilized or FD-AM) is a preservative method that uses the drying by freezing process to maintain the AM well preserved for a long time even at room temperature. This paper is an experimental animal interventional study. One eye of each of 15 male New Zealand rabbits (1.5-3.0 kg) had the central cornea marked with a 6.0 mm trephine. the marked area was deepithelialized with a No. 15 blade. the denuded corneal surface was covered as follows: Group 1: cryopreserved AM (n=6); Group 2: freeze-dried AM (n=6); and Group 3: not covered (control group, n=3). the AM in group 1 and 2 and the periphery of the denuded area in group 3 were secured with continuous 10-0 nylon sutures. the clinical evaluation was made by a blinded observer and graded on a four-point scale (1=minimal, 4=marked) for conjunctival and ciliary hyperemia, eyelid edema, corneal neovascularization, corneal opacity and reepithelialization on postoperative (PO) days 1, 7 and 30. After PO day 30, the rabbits were euthanized and their corneas were sent for histopathological and ultrastructural analysis to evaluate tissue inflammation, reepithelialization, and basement membrane integrity. Results: Two eyes in group 2 had a corneal infection and were excluded from the analysis. No statistically significant differences among the three groups were found (p>0.05) regarding the clinical evaluation on 1(st), 7(th) and 30(th) PO days. On transmission electron microscopy, the basement membrane in lyophilized and control groups was more continuous and homogeneous than in the glycerol group. Conclusions: the freeze-drying method seems to be a good option to preserve human amniotic membrane to be used in ocular surface reconstruction. This preservative method reduces the preservation costs and may enhance the use of AM, facilitating its storage and transport.
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    Autologous grafting of extraocular muscles: experimental study in rabbits
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2005-06-01) Meireles-teixeira, Jorge [UNIFESP]; Bicas, Harley E. A.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of autologous extraocular muscle grafting as a type of muscle expansion surgery. METHODS: The left superior rectus muscle of twenty-nine rabbits was resected and this fragment was attached to the endpoint of the respective right superior rectus (test group). Thereafter, the superior rectus of the left eye was reattached to the sclera (control group). Both groups were examined during different postoperative periods in order to assess their outcomes. RESULTS: The presence of hyperemia was slightly more frequent in the grafted group. Secretion and muscle atrophy were negligible in both groups. Fibrosis was greater in grafted animals. These muscles were weaker than the control muscles, although the force required to split muscular parts was always greater than the physiological one. CONCLUSIONS: This surgical technique was reliable and useful if one intends to achieve muscle expansion without the intrinsic risks of dealing with heterologous/artificial materials.
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    Avaliação das alterações precoces na coróide e esclera ocorridas em coelhos hipercolesterolêmicos: estudo histológico e histomorfométrico
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2009-02-01) Torres, Rogil José de Almeida [UNIFESP]; Maia, Maurício [UNIFESP]; Noronha, Lucia; Farah, Michel Eid [UNIFESP]; Luchini, Andréa; Brik, Décio; Muccioli, Cristina [UNIFESP]; Précoma, Dalton Bertolin; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal dHospital de Olhos Oeste Paulistae São Paulo Serviço de Cirurgia Vitreorretiniana; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Departamento de Patologia; Centro Oftalmológico de Curitiba; Hospital Angelina Caron; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Departamento de Cardiologia
    PURPOSE: To demonstrate experimentally, by means of histological and histomorphometric examinations, the sclera and choroid degenerative alterations, which take place at an early stage due to a hypercholesterolemic diet. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups: CG (control group) of 6 rabbits (6 eyes) received a regular diet for 6 weeks; G1, of 12 rabbits (12 eyes), was first fed a 1% cholesterol diet (Sigma-Aldrich) for 2 weeks and then from the 14th day on a 0.5% cholesterol diet (Sigma-Aldrich). The eyes underwent a histological analysis, stained with hematoxiline-eosine, and a morphometric examination. The histomorphometric analysis was performed in the posterior region, adjacent to the optic disk, and in the peripheral region. RESULTS: The CG presented a mean sclera and choroid thickness of 228.61 ± 31.71 micrometers in the peripheral region, while the thickness in the posterior region was approximately 246.07 ± 25.66 micrometers. In G1, these values were 303.56 ± 44.21 micrometers in the peripheral region and 295.59 ± 62.59 in the posterior region. There was a statistically significant difference in the sclera and choroid thickness between the groups in the peripheral region (p<0.001); however, this difference did not occur in the posterior region (p=0.250). The large number of histiocytes and collagen fibers accounted for the increase of G1 wall thickness in relation to CG. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the hypercholesterolemic diet in rabbits induces a fast increase in the choroid and sclera thickness, mainly due to the increase in the number of histiocytes and collagen fibers.
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    Avaliação histopatológica dos efeitos colaterais do uso intraestromal de biguanida em córnea de coelhos
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Oftalmologia, 2010-12-01) Rossi, Lucas Vieira Bueno; Espindola, Eduardo Vieira Braga; Obeid, Wilson Nahmatallah; Montovan, Fernando Buzatto; Marculino, Leonardo Guedes; Takayama, Vanessa; Rigueiro, Moacyr Pezati [UNIFESP]; Freitas, Denise de [UNIFESP]; Vieira, Luiz Antonio; Hospital CEMA; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: Observe the effects of corneal intrastromal injection of biguanide at 0.02%, 0.1% and 0.5% in rabbits' eyes. METHODS: Doble blind prospective study. 8 rabbits were used, randomly identified and divided into 4 groups, with 2 rabbits each, with the administration of 0.2 ml of the drug via intrastromal, in the right eye. The first group received biguanide at a concentration of 0.02%, the second one at 0.1%, the third at 0.5% and the fourth group (control) was given a placebo injection - saline solution at 0.9%. One rabbit from each group was sacrificed on the third day and the remaining rabbits on the tenth day after the drug injection and had its right eyes enucleated and submitted to histopathological analysis. RESULTS: The rabbits that received placebo and biguanide at 0.02% presented, both on the third and the tenth day of the application, mild inflammation response. The rabbit sacrificed on the third day after the drug injection at 0.1% presented mild inflammatory infiltrate with neutrophils and eosinophils, although on the tenth day there was stromal necrosis, vascularization and intense infiltrate. The third group presented stromal necrosis, moderate infiltrate of leukocytes and endothelial atrophy with leukocytes in the anterior chamber on the third day, developing extensive stromal necrosis, moderate infiltrate and endothelial and epithelial atrophy on the t enth day. CONCLUSION: Biguanide when used at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.5% may cause adverse reactions in the rabbit's cornea, which arouses the necessity of further studies with a larger sample to confirm the findings.
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    Bacterial Cellulose as Laryngeal Medialization Material: An Experimental Study
    (Elsevier B.V., 2011-11-01) Souza, Flavia Coelho de; Olival-Costa, Henrique; Silva, Leonardo da; Pontes, Paulo A. [UNIFESP]; Penteado Lancellotti, Carmen Lucia; FCMSCSP; Santa Casa São Paulo FCMSCSP; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Hypothesis. the use of a material made of bacterial cellulose with the aim of obtaining vocal fold medialization has not hitherto been fully investigated. Although the material has been tested in other animal models, the evaluation did not include the larynx; hence, situations, such as tissue reaction, material absorption, and extrusion, need to be addressed to evaluate its usefulness as a material for laryngeal reconstruction.Objective. To evaluate the medialization, tissue response, and healing of rabbit vocal folds, after the implantation of a membrane of bacterial cellulose.Study Design. Experimental study.Methods. A total of 32 :rabbits were used, two of which were used to check out the adequacy of the implant location. the animals were followed for 4 months and grouped according to follow-up times of 2, 4, and 16 weeks. All test animals received an implant of bacterial cellulose in one vocal fold and the injection of distilled water in the other, both performed by videoendoscopic cervicotomy. At the end of the follow-up, the presence of inflammatory and medial displacement was evaluated.Results. No statistically significant difference in the inflammatory parameters between the study and control vocal folds or among follow-up times was found. All animals receiving cellulose presented medial displacement of vocal folds, and all retained this material at the implant site up to study endpoint.Conclusion. Bacterial cellulose is a useful material for laryngeal medialization, showing no signs of rejection or absorption.
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    Biocompatibility of the bacterial cellulose hydrogel in subcutaneous tissue of rabbits
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2015-04-01) Castro Pita, Pedro Celso de; Pinto, Flavia Cristina Morone; Lira, Mariana Montenegro de Melo; Melo, Francisco de Assis Dutra; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Aguiar, Jose Lamartine de Andrade; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE); Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the biocompatibility and local sensibility reaction to bacterial cellulose hydrogel (0.8%) implanted in subcutaneous tissue of rabbits.METHODS: Fifteen New Zeland rabbits were randomly allocated into three groups: T-1, 7 days, T-2, 21 days, and T-3, 84 days. the new material was implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of the ear; on the scalp over the periosteum; and on the outer and inner surfaces of the thighs, in the aponeurosis of the muscle. At 7, 21 and 84 postoperative days, the material was collected for histological study. the clinical signs, inflammatory response, angiogenesis and fibrogenesis were variables used for analysis of the biocompatibility and biological reactivity to BCH. Analyses were performed with an AXIO (R) Imager. the statistical tests were performed using the GraphPad Prism 5.0 program (R)RESULTS: the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, considering the different cell types (PMN, LMN and GC), was statistically significant, with group T1 different from groups T2 and T3 (p = 0.0124 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and T2 different from the T3 group (p = 0.0007). Fibrogenesis grade 1 was the most prevalent in groups T1 (55.4%) and T2 (44.6%). the formation of neovascularization in the group was identified in 84.4% of samples.CONCLUSION: Bacterial cellulose hydrogel (0.8%) is biocompatible, integrating with the subcutaneous tissue of rabbits and inducing tissue remodeling.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Bloqueio do sistema renina-angiotensina atenua lesões em órgãos-alvo em modelo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e hipercolesterolemia induzidos por dieta
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009) Helfenstein, Tatiana [UNIFESP]; Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Com o crescente aumento da prevalência mundial de diabetes mellitus, tem-se buscado modelos experimentais para melhor compreensão de sua fisiopatologia e tratamento que atendam de maneira mais adequada à preservação de células beta, proteção de órgãos-alvo e atenuação da aterosclerose. Objetivos: Desenvolver modelo experimental de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 induzido por meio de dieta, e utilizá-lo para examinar os efeitos de um inibidor da enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA) e de um bloqueador do receptor de angiotensina (BRA) na proteção de órgãos-alvo. Métodos: Coelhos machos Nova Zelândia (n=49) receberam dieta acrescida de banha (10%), sacarose (40%) durante todo o protocolo do estudo além de colesterol (0,5% nos três primeiros meses e 0,1% nos meses subseqüentes). Os animais receberam aleatoriamente: apenas a dieta sem fármacos (G1), olmesartana 5 mg (G2), quinapril 30 mg (G3), ou a combinação de ambos (G4), acrescidos à mesma dieta por seis meses. Foram analisados lípides, frutosamina, glicose e insulina em jejum com cálculo dos índices para resistência à insulina e função de células beta pancreáticas. Foram ainda examinadas as áreas sob as curvas de insulina e glicose, após infusão de glicose intraperitoneal. Angiofluoresceinografias e análises histopatológicas avaliaram lesões em órgãos-alvo. Resultados: Os coelhos ganharam peso, e houve aumento dos níveis de glicose, colesterol total, LDL-C e triglicérides e redução do HDL-C (p <0,05 vs. basal). A frutosamina e o HOMA-IR se elevaram, enquanto houve redução do HOMA-β (p <0,05 vs. basal). Sinais precoces de retinopatia diabética foram observados a partir do terceiro mês, progredindo até o final do experimento (p<0,0005). Lesões ateroscleróticas em aorta, esteatofibrose hepática e infiltrado glomerular de macrófagos constituíram os principais achados histomorfológicos. O bloqueio do sistema renina-angiotensina modificou favoravelmente a glicemia e o HOMA-β (p<0,05) e houve atenuação do número e grau dos microaneurismas pelo tratamento com BRA isoladamente ou combinado com IECA (p<0,05 vs. G1). Conclusões: Nosso modelo reproduziu várias características glucometabólicas do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 humanóide, incluindo déficit de secreção e resistência à insulina. O bloqueio do sistema renina-angiotensina atenuou algumas alterações bioquímicas e as lesões microvasculares em retina.
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    Embargo
    Comparação da eficiência do laser de diodo 980 nm versus glicose a 75% na oclusão de veias da orelha de coelhos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-09-29) Lima, Paulo Roberto da Silva [UNIFESP]; Baptista-Silva, José Carlos Costa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Contexto. Por ser o laser um método novo no tratamento das varizes, há muitos mitos e dúvidas com relação à sua eficácia; veio a necessidade de compará-lo às substâncias esclerosantes mais utilizadas em nosso meio. Assim, é relevante responder a pergunta de pesquisa: qual a eficiência do laser de diodo 980 nm em comparação à glicose 75% na oclusão de veias em orelha de coelho? Objetivo. Comparar a eficiência do laser de diodo 980 nm à glicose 75% na oclusão de veias em orelha de coelho. A hipótese é que o laser de diodo 980 nm tenha uma eficiência de 30% em relação à glicose 75%. Tipo de estudo. Ensaio aleatório em animais de laboratório por 21 dias. Local. Biotério do Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica (LTF) do Campus I da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa – PB. Amostra. Orelhas de coelhos machos. Procedimentos. Grupo L (LASER): 15 orelhas tratadas com laser e grupo G (glicose 75%): 15 orelhas tratadas com glicose 75%. Variáveis. Primárias: veias esclerosadas e/ou ocluídas. Secundárias: segurança. Complementares: volume da substância administrada, calibre e tamanho do vaso, peso e idade do coelho. Método estatístico. O tamanho da amostra foi estimado em 30 orelhas com base na literatura e para respeitar as normas da COBEA. A análise estatística será realizada com o teste exato de Fisher associado ao Risco Relativo (RR) e calculando o intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95% para cada ponto estimado Resultados. Característica da amostra. Congestão vascular no grupo G foi 87% (13/15, IC 95% 60 a 98) e no grupo L de 67% (10/15, IC 95% 38 a 88) com P = 0,3898 e RR de 1,30 (IC 95% 0,86 a 1,96). Hiperplasia intimal no grupo G foi 13% (2/15, IC 95% 2 a 40); e no grupo L 7% (1/14, IC 95% 0 a 32) com P = 1 e RR de 2,00 (IC 95% 0,20 a 19,79). Variáveis. A incidência de esclerose ou oclusão venosa foi no grupo G foi de 53% (8/15, IC 95% 27 a 79) e no grupo L 20% (3/15, IC 95% 4 a 49) com de P bicaudal foi de 0,1281, seu RR (risco relativo) usando a aproximação de Katz foi igual a 2,66 IC 95% 0,87 a 8,15 Conclusão. A eficiência do laser de diodo 980 nm em comparação à glicose 75% na oclusão de veias é a mesma.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Comparação entre a hidroxiapatita porosa de coral e o enxerto ósseo autógeno em coelhos
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 1997-06-01) Figueiredo, Arthur Silveira De; Takita, Luiz Carlos; Goldenberg, Saul [UNIFESP]; UFMS; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The purpose is to utilize coralline porous hydroxyapatite as osseous xenograft. It was utilized eleven New Zeland rabbits, wich it made pattern defect in the distal femoral mataphise. In this place was used coralline porous hidroxyapatite or autogenous graft. It was made clinical, macroscopic, radiologic and histologic study, with interval of two, four and twelve weeks. The comparatives results was similaries between the two implants types. It was concluded taht coralline porous hidroxyapatite is appropriate replacement for osseos autogenous grafts in rabbits.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Comparative study of inflammatory response and adhesions formation after fixation of different meshes for inguinal hernia repair in rabbits
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2005-10-01) Goldenberg, Alberto [UNIFESP]; Matone, Jacques [UNIFESP]; Marcondes, Wagner [UNIFESP]; Herbella, Fernando Augusto Mardiros [UNIFESP]; Farah, José Francisco De Mattos [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: Compare, in a rabbit model, the inflammatory response and adhesions formation following surgical fixation of polypropilene and Vypro mesh in the inguinal preperitoneal space. METHODS: Fourteen male New Zealand rabbits, weighing between 2.000 to 2.500 g were used. A midline incision was made and the peritoneal cavity was exposed. The 2,0X1,0 cm polypropylene mesh was fixed in the left flank and secured to the margins with 3-0 prolene in a separate pattern. In the right flank, a 2,0X1,0 cm Vypro II mesh was sewn in the same way. After the post surgical period, the animals were again anesthetized and underwent laparoscopic approach, in order to identify and evaluate adhesions degree. Both fixed prosthesis were excised bilaterally with the abdominal wall segment, including peritoneum, aponeurosis and muscle and sent to a pathologist RESULTS: Operative time ranged from 15 to 25 minutes and no difficulties in applying the mesh were found. From the 14 polypropylene meshes fixed to the intact peritoneum, 11 had adhesions to the abdominal cavity (78,6%). Concerning Vypro mesh, 12 animals developed adhesions from the 14 with mesh fixation (85,7%). Histological examination of tissues harvested revealed fibroblasts, collagen, macrophages and lymphocytes between the threads of the mesh. CONCLUSION: Polypropylene and Vypro mesh, when implanted in the peritoneal cavity of rabbits provoke similar amount of adhesions. Vypro mesh tissues had higher fibrosis resulting in better mesh incorporation to the abdominal wall.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Comparative study of technique to obtain stem cells from bone marrow collection between the iliac crest and the femoral epiphysis in rabbits
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2009-10-01) Eça, Lilian Piñero Marcolin; Ramalho, Renata Belmonte; Oliveira, Isis Sousa [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Paulo Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Pontes, Paulo [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Alice Teixeira [UNIFESP]; Mazzetti, Marcelo Paulo Vaccari [UNIFESP]; Stem Cell Research Institute; Sacred Heart University; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Lusiada University of Santos Department Plastic Surgery
    PURPOSE: To assess the technique for the collection of rabbit bone marrow stem cells from different regions to be used as an experimental model in regenerative medicine. METHODS: Thirty rabbits were allocated into 2 groups: GROUP A, n=8, animals that underwent bone marrow blood (BMB) harvesting from the iliac crest; and GROUP B: including 22 rabbits that underwent BMB harvesting from the femur epiphysis. After harvesting, mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation (Ficoll - Histopaque). The number of mononuclear cells per ml was counted in a Neubauer chamber and cell viability was checked through Tripan Blue method. RESULTS: Harvesting from the iliac crest yielded an average of 1 ml of BMB and 3,6.10(6) cells/ml over 1 hour of surgery, whereas an average of 3ml of BMB and 11,79.10(6) cells./ml were obtained in 30 min from the femur epiphysis with a reduced animal death rate. CONCLUSION: The analysis for the obtention of a larger number of mononuclear cells/ml from rabbit bone marrow blood was more satisfactory in the femur epiphysis than in the iliac crest.