Navegando por Palavras-chave "Programming"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Aplicação da técnica de Estrutura Analítica de projeto para o sub-projeto do Catálogo de Sites da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde: Enfermagem(Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem, 2007-12-01) Santos, Luis Augusto dos [UNIFESP]; Marin, Heimar de Fatima [UNIFESP]; Marques, Isaac Rosa [UNIFESP]; Cunha, Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Núcleo de Informática em Enfermagem; UNIIFESP Departamento de EnfermagemThis work search of didactic form to explain the benefits of use of one technique of management project, called Work Breakdown Structure: a graphical tool to identify the main results to be developed for a project. The real examples are applied to a sub-project of the Virtual Library in Health in Nursing (BVSEnfermagem) to development of the Sites Catalogs. It is distinguished the benefits of graphical visualization for a major agreement between professionals of different expertise
- ItemSomente MetadadadosFatty-acid-mediated hypothalamic inflammation and epigenetic programming(Elsevier Science Inc, 2017) Cesar, Helena C. [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]A high-fat diet is the main environmental cue that has been studied in the hypothalamus since the discovery of its connection with hypothalamic inflammation. Current evidence shows hypothalamic inflammation as a likely mechanism for the dysregulation on the homeostatic control of energy balance, which leads to metabolic alterations and obesity. Although this mechanism seems to be reversible when set during adulthood, we argue whether dietary fatty acids, during critical periods of development, could affect hypothalamic function permanently and set an increased susceptibility to obesity. We found few experimental studies that looked at programming induced by different fatty acids on the hypothalamus. They clearly showed a connection between maternal fat diet, hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic alterations in the offspring. We found that not only a high-fat diet but also a normolipidic diet with unbalanced quantities of different fatty acids produced diverse inflammatory responses on the hypothalamus. Therefore, strategies of manipulating dietary fatty acids in pregnant and lactating women may have great impact on the population's future health. However, more research is still needed on the effects of fatty acids and the hypothalamic inflammation on programming. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIncreased blood pressure in adolescents of low socioeconomic status with short stature(Springer, 2003-05-01) Fernandes, Maria Teresa Bechere [UNIFESP]; Sesso, Ricardo de Castro Cintra [UNIFESP]; Martins, Paula Andrea [UNIFESP]; Sawaya, Ana Lydia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The nutritional programming hypothesis, which has been studied since the 1970s, proposes that intrauterine undernutrition continuing during the first years of life causes permanent metabolic disorders. These alterations are amplified with time, depending on the quality of the diet and on environmental factors. the aim of this cross-sectional study was to detect blood pressure alterations in teenagers with nutritional deficit. the study sample consisted of 53 adolescents living in shantytowns of São Paulo City, Brazil; 27 boys and 26 girls ranging in age from 11 to 16 years were studied. Weight, height, skinfold thickness, and blood pressure were measured during a medical visit. Anthropometric data were compared with the reference values of the National Center for Health Statistics and Frisancho, and arterial pressure data were compared with the reference values of the 1996 Task Force. the adolescents studied are among the 10% poorest stratum of the Brazilian population, with a per capita income of U.S. $45/month. the anthropometric results revealed nutritional deficiencies for the entire sample. the major marker of malnutrition was height, with a mean height deficit of 7 cm among boys and of 5 cm among girls. the overall prevalence of arterial (diastolic) hypertension for the sample was 21% (95% confidence interval 10%-32%). No significant difference was observed between sexes. the prevalence of cases with a systolic or diastolic arterial pressure above the 90th percentile, adjusted for height, was 51% (n=27) (95% confidence interval 37%-65%); 6% (n=3) of these individuals had simultaneous systolic and diastolic arterial hypertension. in conclusion, the prevalence of arterial hypertension was elevated among malnourished adolescents. the mechanisms involved in the genesis of hypertension seem to be related to malnutrition during an early phase of life, supporting the programming hypothesis.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Papert: programação e a busca por um plano de aulas construcionista(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-08-12) Prado, Claudiane Oliveira do [UNIFESP]; Souza, Renato Marcone José de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8984902656508635; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2853323718300636A utilização da programação nas propostas pedagógicas não é um assunto novo e aumentou consideravelmente nos últimos anos, mas ainda necessita de aprofundamento nas práticas pedagógicas e reflexões sobre sua integração ao currículo, principalmente no ensino fundamental inicial. A presente pesquisa busca unir o potencial da programação e o interesse que o uso de tecnologia exerce nos alunos, para, a partir desse cenário investigativo, refletir sobre os potenciais e as limitações dessa prática pedagógica. Foi realizada pesquisa de natureza qualitativa em escola de São Bernardo do Campo, com alunos do quarto ano do ensino fundamental. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de observação das aulas, por depoimentos, por entrevistas, por informações registradas em áudio, vídeo e escritas. Para a elaboração do plano de aulas, foi estudada a obra de Seymour Papert, tendo o construcionismo como princípio norteador da proposta. Um desafio que surgiu foi como avaliar essa prática pedagógica, de forma alinhada com as ideias do autor. Não tendo encontrado na literatura a visão de Papert sobre avaliação, foi realizada entrevista com Ann Berger Valente (Apêndice A), que contribuiu relatando suas observações e suas conversas com o pesquisador. Com este trabalho pretende-se contribuir com as discussões sobre o tema e refletir sobre as práticas pedagógicas que possibilitam a elaboração e a execução de um projeto dos alunos, incentivando o protagonismo e a resolução de problemas. Observou-se a possibilidade de trabalhar conteúdos matemáticos, aliados à programação, com crianças em um contexto de pandemia e como avaliar esse tipo de trabalho pedagógico.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPostnatal fluoxetine treatment affects the development of serotonergic neurons in rats(Elsevier B.V., 2010-10-15) Mendes-da-Silva, Cristiano [UNIFESP]; Gonçalves, Luciano; Manhães-de-Castro, Raul; Nogueira, Maria Ines; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)The goal of the present study was to investigate morphological changes in the serotonergic neurons/terminals in the dorsal (DR) and median (MnR) raphe nuclei and on the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) in neonatal rats treated from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day with fluoxetine (10 mg/kg sc, daily) or drug vehicle (0 9% saline 1 ml/kg). the results show that postnatal chronic treatment with fluoxetine promoted. (1) a smaller body weight increase during the pre-weaning period; (2) smaller number of 5-HT neurons in the DR, (3) smaller 5-HT neuronal cell bodies (area, perimeter and diameter) in the DR and the MnR and (4) diminished serotonergic terminals in the DG. These data suggest that the development of the serotonergic system was impaired and that early exposure to fluoxetine damaged the morphology of 5-HT neurons in young adult rats While these findings are consistent with other work, more studies are needed to better clarify the effects of postnatal chronic treatment with fluoxetine on the serotonergic system and, consequently, on the functions modulated by serotonin (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd All rights reserved
- ItemSomente MetadadadosStatus Da Vitamina D E Repercussão Na Modulação Da Via Do Nf-"B Na Placenta E Nos Parâmetros Clínicos E Antropométricos Neonatais(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-03-23) Momentti, Ana Carolina [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background. Vitamin D has been widely recognized for its role in modulating inflammation and immune system, being associated with placental inflammatory process, and fetal and neonatal clinical complications, but it still to be more elucidated. Aim. To investigate the possible changes in the placental inflammatory parameters induced by insufficient and deficient maternal vitamin D status in relation to the adequate status, and the repercussion in the clinical and anthropometric neonatal parameters. Methods. Puerperal women with single fetus without obstetric pathologies and/or complications were recruited to study. Serum 25(OH)D was measured in the first 48 hours after delivery, and the participants were classified according to vitamin D status: AD - adequate vitamin D status (control group); INS - insufficient vitamin D status; DEF - deficient vitamin D status. The placenta was collected after delivery. Maternal and neonatal data were obtained in the participants’ medical records. TNF- α, IL-10, MCP-1 and IL-10/TNF-α ratio protein contents and phosphorylated subunit of NF-κB p50 and TNFR1 protein expression were determined in placenta by ELISA and Western Blotting, respectively. Results. Vitamin D status demonstrated no association with placental inflammatory and neonatal parameters. A positive correlation (r= 0.03; p<0.05) was observed between maternal serum 25(OH)D and calcium. Conclusion. Our results do not exclude the possibility of maternal vitamin D inadequacy having influence on the development of future adverse events especially on the offspring. Further researches are needed to improve understanding of the determinants and the impacts of immunologic transition on the maternal-fetal dyad in a normal pregnancy.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSuplementação Com A Polpa Do Fruto De Juçara (Euterpe Edulis Mart) Durante A Gestação E Lactação Sobre A Inflamação E Expressão Da Proteína Desacopladora 1 (Ucp-1) No Tecido Adiposo Marrom E Função Mutagênica No Fígado Da Prole Aos 21 Dias(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-03-17) Argentato, Perla Pizzi [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: The fruit of the jussara palm (Euterpe edulis Mart.) is a species native to Brazil. Studies investigating jussara consumption are least explored at literature, especially under fetal metabolic programming. Objective: To investigate the effect of maternal supplementation with jussara fruit pulp in rats treated with hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF) during gestation and lactation on the expression of decoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), inflammatory markers in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and mutagenic activity in the liver of 21-day-old of offspring. Methods: The groups were composed of male Wistar rats: Group C - offspring of mothers who received control diet containing soybean oil. Group CJ - offspring of mothers who received C diet with 0.5% supplementation the lyophilized jussara pulp (J). Group T - offspring of mothers who received a diet containing HVF, rich in trans fatty acids (TFAs) and TJ Group - offspring of mothers who received HVF containing diet plus 0.5% of J. Growth and weight gain were evaluated, serum concentrations of HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and glucose, protein contents, the carcass lipid, e TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-6 cytokines, the protein expression of UCP-1, NFκBp50 and RITNF-α in the BAT and the histopathological changes, cytogenetics and immunoreactivity of TNF-α and COX-2 in the liver. To verify the effect the treatment and comparison between the groups, the two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post hoc test was used. The results were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean(SEM) and the significance level was p≤0.05. Results: We found that TFAs promoted birth weight gain in first and second week of lactation (TJ> CJ), reduced carcass protein (T C), the concentrations of CT (T> C; TJ> CJ) and TG (T> C) also increased TNF-α (T> C; TJ> CJ), RITNF-α (T> CJ) and UCP-1 (TJ> CJ) in BAT, altered histopathology (T> C), increased the frequency of micronuclei (T> C; T> TJ), immunoexpression to TNF and COX-2 (T> C) in the liver of offspring. In contrast supplementation with jussara reduced the weight gain in the third week of lactation and the total weight gain (CJ T), reduced carcass lipid (CJ T), decreased glycemic (TJ C) and UCP-1 (TJ> T) in BAT, decreased the number of micronucle the hepatocytes (TJ
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Suplementação materna de juçara (Euterpe Edulis Mart): na modulação dos marcadores inflamatórios e da microbiota da prole aos 21 dias de vida(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-07-07) Morais, Carina Almeida [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background. Maternal intake of TFAs in the perinatal period triggers a proinflammatory state and adiposity in offspring. However, phenol compounds contained in fruits are promising modulators of inflammation. Aim. This study investigated the effect of Jussara supplementation in the maternal diet on the development, microbiota and proinflammatory state of the colon in offspring exposed to perinatal TFAs. Methods. On the first day of pregnancy rats were divided into four groups: control diet (C), control diet with 0.5% Jussara supplementation (CJ), diet enriched with hydrogenated vegetable fat, rich in TFAs (T), or T diet supplemented with 0.5% Jussara (TJ) during pregnancy and lactation. Dams’ diets were maintained during pregnancy and lactation. After birth, litter sizes were adjusted to eight pups that remained with the mother. After 21 days, the offspring were decapitated. Trunk blood was collected and centrifuged. The RET, liver, colon and the fecal content were collected. Colon, liver and RET were used for quantification of mRNA relative levels by real-time PCR or perform Western Blotting. The genomic bacterial DNA in gut microbiota was performed by real-time PCR. The carcasses were eviscerated and used to determine lipid and protein content. Results. Maternal intake of TFAs resulted in increased IL-6 in RET and colon, TNF-�� e mRNA TLR-4 no cólon, MyD88 in the liver and a reduction in IL-10/TNF-α ratio and Bifidobacterium spp. in the offspring’s colon. However, Jussara supplementation restored the fecal content of Lactobacillus spp. e Bifidobacterium spp. (TJ vs T), increased colonic ZO-1 mRNA expression (TJ vs T), and decreased MyD88, p-NFkB p65 subunit (TJ e CJ vs T) and TNF-��R1 (TJ e CJ vs C) in the liver. These effects reduced IL-6 and TNF-α in the liver and colon, mRNA expression of IL-6R (CJ e TJ vs T; CJ vs C), TNF-��R1 (CJ e TJ vs T) and TLR-4 (CJ e TJ vs T) in the colon, increased of IL-10 in the RET and IL-10/TNF-α ratio in the liver (TJ vs T). Additionally, the jussara supplementation groups showed similar growth, less weight gain (CJ vs C, T and TJ) and better body composition, reflected by reduced lipid/protein ratio (CJ and TJ vs T) and higher carcass protein (TJ vs T). The jussara supplementation in maternal diet reduced lipids profile and glucose in offspring. Conclusion. The 0.5% Jussara supplementation prevented the adverse effects of TFAs, improved lipid profiles, glucose levels, body composition, restored gut microbiota and reduced low-grade inflammation in 21-day-old offspring via down-regulation of the NFkB signaling pathway. These findings suggests better paracellular barrier and could contribute to reduced inflammation and chronic disease development in later life.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosType of fatty acids in maternal diets during pregnancy and/or lactation and metabolic consequences of the offspring(Elsevier B.V., 2015-02-01) Mennitti, Lais Vales [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Juliana Lopez de [UNIFESP]; Morais, Carina Almeida [UNIFESP]; Estadella, Debora [UNIFESP]; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Claudia Maria da Penha Oller do [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)During pregnancy and/or lactation, maternal nutrition is related to the adequate development of the fetus, newborn and future adult, likely by modifications in fetal programming and epigenetic regulation. Fetal programming is characterized by adaptive responses to specific environmental conditions during early life stages, which may alter gene expression and permanently affect the structure and function of several organs and tissues, thus influencing the susceptibility to metabolic disorders. Regarding lipid metabolism during the first two trimesters of pregnancy, the maternal body accumulates fat, whereas in late pregnancy, the lipolytic activity in the maternal adipose tissue is increased. However, an excess or deficiency of certain fatty acids may lead to adverse consequences to the fetuses and newborns. Fetal exposure to trans fatty acids appears to promote early deleterious effects in the offspring's health, thereby increasing the individual risk for developing metabolic diseases throughout life. Similarly, the maternal intake of saturated fatty acids seems to trigger alterations in the liver and adipose tissue function associated with insulin resistance and diabetes. the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly long-chain PUFAs (long-chain PUFA-arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), play an important and beneficial physiologic role in the offspring who receive this fatty acid during critical periods of development. Therefore, the maternal nutritional condition and fatty acid intake during pregnancy and/or lactation are critical factors that are strongly associated with normal fetal and postnatal development, which influence the modifications in fetal programming and in the individual risk for developing metabolic diseases throughout life. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.