Navegando por Palavras-chave "Primatas"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação comparativa da expressão de c-Fos no cortex cerebral de ratos e saguis após estimulação com pentilenotetrazol(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-04-26) Magalhães, Stefani Alves [UNIFESP]; Mello, Luiz Eugenio Araujo de Moraes [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4462750801249231; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4494287187001621; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Previous evidence from our laboratory indicate a potential mechanism that might support the fact that primates exhibit greater cogntive integration capacity as a result of the activation of different structures of the central nervous system, as compared to rodents. The current study might contribute to explain the different neural processing capacities presented by these animals as compared to other mammal orders. Aims: To search for stronger evidence that could confirm our previous findings here we analyzed the patterns of c-Fos expression in neocortical structures of rats and marmosets using a more robust quantitative technique and evaluating a larger number of brain areas. Twenty-seven rats (Wistar) and 21 marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were euthanized at different times after seizures induced by the GABAergic antagonist pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), and then distributed among the control groups (animals without seizures); PTZ group 0.5h; 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12h after PTZ induction. The biological material was processed for the immunohistochemical detection of c-Fos and the cell count was performed by means of the stereology technique with a StereoInvestigator® program. Results: Marmosets had a c-Fos expression that was notably stronger (5x) and longer (up to 3 hours) than rats. Yet, the expression in rats presented similar patterns of expression according to the function of the structures (associative, cortical and motor functions), which was not observed for marmosets. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that the marmoset brain has a greater neuronal activation after intense stimulation by means of PTZ and a more complex pattern of brain activation, which are indicative of a brain structure with a higher degree of specialization than that seen for rats. Although expected, these functional differences had never been characterized before, and may contribute for the understanding of the different neuronal processing capacities of these mammals orders.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)A comunidade de primatas não-humanos em remanescentes florestais do território indígena Potiguara, na Paraíba, Brasil(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2015-05-29) Pessoa, Taina Sherlakyann Alves [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Mauricio Talebi [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Estimates about groups size, density and composition of primates are commons in the papers, because they are a solid base for futures studies in landscape ecology and ethology, for example. They are also essential to know the conservation status of species in an area. On this perspective, the use forms of nature by traditional communities may change the dynamic population and thus threaten the long term conservation those species. Therefore, to combine the knowledge about the population aspects of a specie and potential threats for habitat them is the first step to infer their conservation status. The aim of this study was to identify occurrence areas, size, abundance, density and age and sex composition of primates non humans in forest remnants inside Indigenous Lands (IL) Potiguara, in Paraíba state, as well as to investigate the cinegetic activities and timber exploration practiced by indigenous communities. From August 2013 to December 2014 were conducted interviews and tours to confirm the occurrence of species and to identify the anthropic activities practiced in the study area, as well as also the linear transect and camera trap methods for population survey of primates in forest remnants with occurrence confirmed. Sapajus flavius species presented low encounter rate, although be well distributed in Indigenous Lands Potiguara and their age structure indicate high reproductive rate. On the other hand, Alouatta belzebul probably occur in restricted habitat patches, for was located in two points only. The incipient information for A. belzebul here obtained maybe reflect a past scenario of high feeding of this animal by indigenous. Callithrix jacchus, in turn, shows density highest than in other areas of Atlantic Forest in Northeastern, but their groups have average size low. The timber exploration has great representation in IL Potiguara, constituting the habitat loss as the current threat main to primates. All economic tensions derived from rural and urban occupation should possibly have influenced the way in which these traditional populations use the resources of their surroundings. Therefore, is expected by this study to strengthen short and long term strategies, such as environmental surveillance and the development of profitable economic alternatives in the sociocultural context where subjects are involved, joining forces with the government, since to identify the different values that local communities embed to components of the natural environment is elementary for conducting effective conservation strategies. Key-words: Primates, Occurrence, Density, Threats, Conservation, Potiguara, Indigenous.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Estimativa populacional de muriquis-do-sul (Brachyteles arachnoides, primates, É. Geoffroy 1806) e avaliação da caça no Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, Continuum Ecológico de Paranapiacaba, São Paulo(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2014-04-28) Landis, Mariana Bueno [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Mauricio Talebi [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Muriqui is a Atlantic Forest endemic primate and is endangered. Actually, at São Paulo State, the main threat for his survival is the hunting pressure. Probably exist 1300 southern muriquis in nature, but, little is known about your conservation status, especially in continuous forest. This work was delineate to assist actions from Goals 1 and 2 of the National Action Plan for the Muriqui Conservation. For this, was estimated southern muriqui population from the north of Carlos Botelho State Park and was evaluated different areas in function of the occurrence of the hunting pressure and possible variations of habitat conditions. Were also obtained information about hunting occurrence over muriquis. Line transect census was used to estimate population density. Vegetation structural heterogeneity data were used to evaluate if possible differences between three areas could influence in the B arachnoides abundance. Census resulted in 56 muriquis subgroups registrations, in this way was obtained an estimates of 0,16 individuals/ha, estimated for the north of PECB. The southern muriqui density estimated is relatively high if compared with most of the studies done for the genus Brachyteles. Hunting doesn?t seem to influence in the different abundances found, this difference can be explained by habitat differences. Through informers selection method, eight people was interviewed with base in an semi structured script. Were also analyzed reports of the fiscalization operations accomplished by the park keepers and environmental police, from January 2008 to September 2012. The obtained data suggest the presence of two hunters profile: those interested only in the hunting, more frequent in the north of the park, and those that associate the extraction of palm with hunting activity, found in the south. This work brings the first analyses about one of the priority areas for the muriquis conservation, allowing a evaluation of southern muriqui populational status in the north of PECB. It?s observed the need of priority actions for the species conservation. As the hunting is the mean threat for the southern muriqui population, all of the actions elaborated by PAN Muriquis for the enlargement of the fiscalization measures with the purpose of reducing the pressure of the hunt in UCs are indispensable to guarantee the muriquis conservation in PECB.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Estudo morfológico do hipocampo de uma espécie de primata da Amazônia: Cebus apella, (Linnaeus, 1758)(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-11-24) Torres, Laila Brito [UNIFESP]; Cavalheiro, Esper Abrão [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The nonhuman primates constitute irreplaceable animal models for research areas in which their close evolutionary relationship to humans ensures high fidelity models with predictive and discriminative abilities that may not be available in other species. The Cebus apella, a New World primate specie belonging to the Cebidae family, Cebinae suborder (Linnaeus, 1758) are commonly used in biomedical and behavior research being the specie of choice for many cognitive experimental tasks. The hippocampus, a highly plastic limbic structure situated in the temporal lobe is important for learning and memory consolidation. In this way, the aim of this study was to characterize quantitatively and qualitatively the Parvalbumin positive cells in the hippocampal formation of the Cebus monkey and also estimate the volume and neuronal number in their different subfields using an optical fractionator design method. The results obtained in our study will be useful for many experimental designs in translational medicine.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosModelo experimental de paralisia facial por compressao neural em primatas (Callithrix sp)(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011) Neiva, Felipe Costa [UNIFESP]
- ItemSomente MetadadadosOntogenese do ritmo circadiano da atividade locomotora no sagui (Callithrix jacchus)(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 1997) Menezes, Alexandre Augusto de Lara [UNIFESP]
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Pesquisa do vírus TT (Torque Teno Virus) em primatas não humanos e em frangos de corte(Gallus g. domesticus), pela técnica de reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) e caracterização do genoma viral(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2008) Catroxo, Marcia Helena Braga [UNIFESP]; Diaz, Ricardo Sobhie [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)O Torque Teno Vírus (TTV) foi primeiramente identificado em 1997, no Japão, em urn paciente com hepatite aguda pós-transfusão, de etiologia desconhecida, sendo após, caracterizado como urn pequeno vírus DNA circular de fita simples e não envelopado. Recentemente, o Torque Teno Vírus foi classificado em urn novo gênero chamado Anellovírus, que compreende também, o Torque Teno Mini Vírus (TTMV), Torque Teno Midi Vírus (TTMDV) e pequenos anelovírus (SAV). 0 TTV tern sido detectado em uma ampla gama de primatas nao humanos, bem como em animais domésticos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo pesquisar o TTV no soro e sangue total de primatas nao humanos e em plasma de frangos domésticos de corte (Gallus g. domesticus), pela aplicação da Nested-PCR da região não codificadora (UTR) e pel a SemiNested-PCR da região codificadora N22, seguido de seqüenciamento genômico e de análise filogenética. Através da Nested-PCR da região não codificadora (UTR) o DNA do TTV foi detectado no soro de 4 (5,3%) de 75 Cebus apella, 2 (40%) de 5 Alouata fusca, 1 (20%) de 5 Alouata caraya, 1 (5.2%) de 19 Callithrix penicilata, 1 (4%) de 25 Callithrix jacchus, 1 (20%) de 5 Saimiri sciureus e 1 (25%) de 4 Leontopithecus chrysomelas. Nao se obteve amplificação por PCR-UTR em nenhuma amostra de sangue total. A análise filogenética revelou que as seqüências detectadas em 8 amostras apresentaram maior identidade com as seqüências de TTV isoladas de macacos japoneses do novo mundo: So-TTV2 (Saüíinus oedipus) e At-TTV3 (Aotes Trivirgatus). Trt!!s seqüências (uma de Callithrix penicilata, uma de Leontopithecus crysomelas e uma de Cebus apella) mostraram similaridade com uma seqüência de Torque Teno Mini Vírus (TTMV) de humanos. Não se obteve amplificação por PCR-UTR em nenhuma amostra de plasma de frangos domésticos de corte (Gallus g. domesticus). Três amostras foram positivas pela amplificação da região ORF2. 0 DNA do TTV da região ORF2 foi detectado em uma amostra de soro de Cebus apella e em uma amostra de sangue total de Callithrix jacchus, e em uma de plasma de frango doméstico de corte (Gallus g. domesticus). As seqüências amplificadas pela região ORF2 nao mostraram diferenças entre as de humano, primatas nao humanos e de frango doméstico Pela Semi-Nested-PCR da região codificadora (N22), o DNA do TTV foi detectado no sangue total de 3 (4%) de 75 Cebus apella e de 1 (25%) de 4 Leontopithecus chrysomelas. Não se obteve amplificação por PCR em nenhuma amostra de soro. A análise filogenética revelou que uma amostra de Cebus apella agrupou-se com seqüências de macacos japoneses do novo mundo: Saguinus oedipus (So-TTV2) e Aotes trivirgatus (At-TTV3); duas amostras de Cebus apella mostraram similaridade com uma seqüência de Torque Teno Mini Vírus (TTMV) de humanos e uma (Cebus apella) mostrando similaridade com uma seqüência de chimpanzé (Pt-TTV6) e com uma seqüência de TTV de humano, cepa protótipo denominada TA278. Não se obteve amplificação por PCR-N22 em nenhuma amostra de plasma de frangos domésticos de corte (Gallus g. domesticus). Os resultados apresentados mostraram que este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência de Torque Teno Vírus e Torque Teno Mini Vírus em primatas não humanos do novo mundo e em frangos de corte (Gallus g. domesticus) no Brasil.