Navegando por Palavras-chave "Physical Training"
Agora exibindo 1 - 9 de 9
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemSomente MetadadadosAnálise da via AMPK na doença renal crônica por nefrectomia 5/6 em ratos submetidos ao exercício aeróbio prévio(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-10-31) Silva, Wesley Henrique Da [UNIFESP]; Boim, Mirian Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a syndrome resulting from progressive loss of renal function and can be identified by progressive reduction of glomerular filtration (GFR). Several factors influence the development of CKD, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been considered an important one. Physical exercise improves mitochondrial function and biogenesis. It is common for CKD patients to be physically inactive having less physical and functional capacity when compared to the general population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of physical training (PT) on mitochondrial biogenesis via the renal AMPK in rats with CKD induced by nephrectomy 5/6. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 8), Control (SHAM), sedentary (SS), sedentary + exercise (SE), exercise + sedentary (ES) and exercise (EE). Previous exercise training was done on a treadmill (40-60% of the maximal exercise test) lasting 8 weeks. After 4 weeks of TF the animals were submitted to 5/6 nephrectomy and 1 week later TF continued for another 4 weeks. Protein expression of the AMPK and PGC-1alpha, renal function, renal function, histological analysis, blood pressure and physical capacity (VO2max) were evaluated. Results: ET reduced proteinuria and BUN values, however, it was not able to improve glomerular sclerosis index. Morover, the PE promoted an increase in PGC1-alpha protein expression indicating improvement in mitochondrial biogenesis. Conclusion: Mitochondrial improvement induced by PT was not effective in reducing glomerular sclerosis and attenuating the progression of CKD in rats.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosComparação entre terapia interdisciplinar e treinamento físico em mulheres obesas: um ensaio clínico randomizado(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-08-11) Cerrone, Leticia Andrade [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Ricardo José [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2738281530091229; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Obesity is a multicausal disease that creates large expenditures to the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), private healthcare systems and for families with obese individuals. It is important to note that obesity deregulates all organ systems, producing metabolic consequences that may be irreversible. Interdisciplinary therapy is recommended as the primary method for treating obesity. However, the cost of interdisciplinary treatment can be high because it requires the expertise of various specialized professionals. Given that physical training alone may also be an effective non-drug drug approach to combat obesity, it is valuable to compare these two methods for treating obesity. Objective: Compare the implications of 32 weeks of combined physical training and interdisciplinary therapy on anthropometric parameters, body composition, biochemical / hormonal and psychobiological parameters in obese women. Methods: 76 volunteers were randomized into two groups: Physical Exercise Group and Interdisciplinary Group. Each group being evaluated at the initial time and after 32 weeks of intervention. The evaluations were anthropometric, body composition, biochemical and psychobiological. The statistical analysis of the effects of intervention programs to compare these variables, according to the group (interdisciplinary and exercise), in the two evaluations made, were 2 x 2 mixed models (Group and Time), Bonferroni multiple comparison method and effect size. Results: The EXE and INTER groups were similar before the treatments and both presented improvements in the anthropometric parameters, body composition, biochemical, hormonal, insulin resistance, psychobiological parameters and quality of life after the therapies. Conclusion: The results confirm an important role of physical training alone, or of interdisciplinary therapy, on anthropometric factors, body composition, insulin resistance, biochemical, hormonal, psychobiological aspects and quality of life of obese women. We recognized that combined physical training can be incorporated into public and private health systems as an alternative to control obesity in places that lack the resources to offer with complete interdisciplinary therapy.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeito de uma dieta obesogênica, do treinamento aeróbio e dos níveis de estradiol no estado redox do músculo esquelético de ratas Wistar(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-05-21) Santos, David Pedro Dos [UNIFESP]; Lambertucci, Rafael Herling [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloIntroduction: Obesity can lead to adipose tissue remodeling, changing its structure and composition. This phenomenon generates a systemic pro-inflammatory state associated with oxidative stress, which leads to muscle damage and metabolic dysfunctions. Physical activity positively modulates the antioxidant system against such disturbances. Evidence shows that estradiol, due to its antioxidant action, can protect the body from such aggressions. Objective: Evaluate how estradiol levels can modulate skeletal muscle’s redox state of Wistar rats submitted to a high fat diet and aerobic training. Materials and Methods: 40 female adult Wistar rats were used. The estrous cycle was monitored by analyzing vaginal smears. Among 80 rats, which were divided by quartiles considering the observed estradiol concentration, we used the animals that were in the first (Q1) and third (Q3) quartiles, thus totaling 40 rats. After the adaptation period, the rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to the diet offered and the performance or not of exercises, which: CS - received a control diet and remained sedentary; CT - received a control diet and performed physical training; HS - received a palatable high-fat diet and remained sedentary; HT - received a palatable high-fat diet and underwent physical training. We performed statistical analysis using the Generalized Linear Model and Fisher's post-test. Results: With the exception of the sedentary group fed with control diet, all groups with high estradiol showed higher total antioxidant status (TAS), at the same time, the groups with high estradiol had higher values of total oxidative status (TOS). The sedentary group with a high-fat diet and high estradiol had a lower oxidative stress index (OSI), compared to the trained group with a high-fat diet and low estradiol. Other than the sedentary group with a high-fat diet, all groups with high estradiol had higher values for the determination of lipid peroxidation (TBARS). The groups with high estradiol had a higher concentration of carbonylated protein. Except for the sedentary group with a control diet, all other groups with high estradiol showed higher nitric oxide values. Sedentary animals with high estradiol fed a high-fat diet had a higher catalase enzimatic activity when compared to animals with low estradiol Regarding the superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD), all variables showed statistically significant difference, being: estradiol levels (χ2 = 21.346, p <0.001), training (χ2 = 21.004, p <0.001) and diet (χ2 = 4.644, p = 0.031), in addition to the interaction between estradiol levels with training (χ2 = 11.904, p <0.001), and estradiol levels with diet (χ2 = 8.668, p <0.003). For the group trained with a high-fat diet and a high level of estradiol, the value of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity was higher. Conclusion: Estradiol levels can interfere with the oxidative stress modulatory process and physical training can control it and improve the antioxidant profile. Regardless of estradiol levels, we observed that the isolated high-fat diet did not induce oxidative stress.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeito do treinamento físico e do tratamento crônico com o mk-801 em testes comportamentais e na neurogênese hipocampal em ratos wistar machos: um modelo experimental de esquizofrenia(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-10-31) Pitta, Fernando [UNIFESP]; Silva, Regina Cláudia Barbosa da [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Schizophrenia Is A Psychiatric Disorder, Which Affects Approximately 1% Of The Population Throughout Life. In General, Individuals Exhibit Symptoms At The Peak Of Their Productive Potential. It Is A Condition Characterized By The Involvement Of Multiple Mental Functions, Such As Cognition, Perception, Volition, Impulse Control, And Critical Judgment Of Reality. There Is Widespread Acceptance That Schizophrenia Has Three Symptomatic Dimensions: Negative, Positive, And Disorganized. Through The Knowledge Of Several Areas, Such As Medicine, Psychology, Together With Physical Education, The Individual With Schizophrenia, Can Use Physical Activity As A Therapeutic Adjunct. There Is Abundant Evidence That Imbalance Of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission, Related To The Existence Of A Hypofunction Of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (Nmda) Receptors, May Also Be Involved In The Pathophysiology Of This Disorder. Rats Treated Systemically With Mk-801 Exhibit Behavioral Changes Traditionally Associated With Animal Models Of Schizophre
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeitos da suplementação de quiabo e/ou treinamento físico em animais com Síndrome Metabólica(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-06-05) Moura, Elizabeth de Orleans Carvalho de [UNIFESP]; Medeiros, Alessandra [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Metabolic syndrome (MS) is an association of at least three cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, among others. Inadequate feeding, genetics, and sedentarism are among the main factors that contribute to the development of MS. This study investigated the effects of consumption of okra (O) for six weeks, five days a week, twice a day and/or exercise training (ET) for six weeks, five days a week, one hour a day, on 14- week-old male Zucker rats. Forty male Zucker rats were used, eight of which were lean and were part of the lean control group (CTL) and the other thirty-two were obese and were randomly divided into obese control group (MS, n = 8), okra group (O, n = 8), exercise training group (ET, n = 8) and the association of the two therapies group (ETO, n = 8). Body mass, glycemic, triglyceride, total cholesterol and blood pressure profiles were analyzed; maximum tolerance to physical effort; metabolic cage; liver mass, glycogen, levels of cytokines (TNF-α and IL-10) and levels of Alanine aminotransferase and Aspartate aminotransferase; soleus and EDL muscles mass and glycogen. The results were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) and statistically analyzed ANOVA (one or two-way), when necessary. In all the presented results 5% was adopted as limit of statistical significance (p <0.05). It was observed that the body mass, the glycemic and hemodynamic profile weren’t diferent between the groups. On the other hand, the O group had lower triglyceride levels than CTL and MS group. Regarding to the total cholesterol, both therapies prevented the significant increase at the end of the experiment. In the physical exercise test, ET and ETO groups presented better results. Regarding to the hepatic parameters, the liver mass was not different between the groups, however, glycogen was higher in ET group comparing to the CTL group and the interleukin 6 was higher in MS, O and ET comparing to the CTL group. The other cytokines analyzed weren’t different between the groups, the same occurred with the liver damage analysis. In the muscular parameters, the masses of the soleus and EDL muscles showed no difference between the groups, however, glycogen had a higher concentration in the soleus in ET and ETO comparing to CTL and MS group. These results lead us to conclude that both therapeutic interventions offeredbenefits for the animals with MS, but their association potentiated these results and seems to be the most indicated.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeitos do treinamento de slackline sobre capacidades motoras de atletas: revisão sistemática com meta-análise(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-11-28) Lopes, Beatriz Trancoso [UNIFESP]; Guerra, Ricardo Luís Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Guedes, Priscilla Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5516952504410421; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3856113753837921; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9381077099324114; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Os efeitos da prática de slackline têm sido investigados na literatura atual, estimando-se que os benefícios envolvidos podem ser diversos, principalmente sobre força muscular e equilíbrio. Consequentemente, a modalidade também vem despertando interesse entre pesquisadores e profissionais do esporte, e algumas pesquisas já investigam essa temática em atletas. Em vista disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo revisar os estudos que avaliaram os efeitos do TSL sobre capacidades motoras de atletas. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de revisão sistemática com meta-análise realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE (via PubMed), LILACS, Embase e SPORTDiscus. Identificados os estudos, os critérios de elegibilidade foram adequados de acordo com a estratégia PICO, e as etapas seguintes de rastreamento e inclusão foram realizadas por duas pesquisadoras independentes sob uso da plataforma colaborativa online Rayyan®. Ao final, 5 estudos foram incluídos, assim como avaliados de modo qualitativo e, nos desfechos possíveis, quantitativo. O risco de viés foi avaliado por meio da ferramenta RoB 2 da colaboração Cochrane e em sequência realizou-se a meta-análise, comparando-se, então, os grupos slackline vs controle e slackline vs equilíbrio, gerando assim os tamanhos de efeito e respectivos erros padrão. Todas as análises ocorreram no pacote robumeta (versão 2.0), implementado em linguagem R versão 4.1.2 para Mac iOS. Os efeitos foram considerados significantes com p ≤ 0,05. Os principais achados consistiram em evidências encontradas para as capacidades motoras de equilíbrio estático e dinâmico, change of direction (CoD), potência e aceleração e, achados secundários corresponderam à percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE), PSE de músculos específicos, taxa de prazer e atividade mioelétrica. Com base nestas informações, constatou-se melhora significativa do equilíbrio estático de atletas que realizaram TSL. A meta-análise não identificou diferenças entre os grupos para os desfechos CoD e potência muscular, e apresentou score de 11,87 na escala de PSE. Os demais desfechos foram analisados apenas qualitativamente devido à impossibilidade de realização de meta-análise, e apresentaram resultados conflitantes entre os estudos sobre um mesmo desfecho. Portanto, conclui-se que o TSL foi eficaz em aprimorar significativamente apenas o equilíbrio estático de atletas, sendo que o restante dos desfechos necessita de maior embasamento científico para minimizar as inconsistências observadas nos resultados. Espera-se, ainda, que ensaios clínicos futuros possam contemplar períodos de treinamento mais longos e também aprimorar aspectos metodológicos de randomização, sigilo de alocação e cegamento.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEffect of physical training on metabolic responses of pregnant rats submitted to swimming under thermal stress(Isfahan Univ Med Sciences, 2009-07-01) Lazo-Osorio, Rodrigo Alexis; Pereira, Rafael [UNIFESP]; Christofani, Junia Scarlatelli [UNIFESP]; Russo, Adriana Kowalesky [UNIFESP]; Machado, Marco; Ribeiro, Wellington; Picarro, Ivan da Cruz [UNIFESP]; Univ Vale Paraiba; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ IguacuBACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of pre-pregnancy physical training oil metabolic responses and its effects oil offspring.METHODS: Three groups of rats (n = 7 in each group): sedentary pregnant rats (PS), exercised during pregnancy (PE) and pregnant rats trained before and during pregnancy (PT) were compared. They were separated into three Subgroups regarding water temperature: 28 degrees C, 35 degrees C or 39 degrees C. Plasma triglycerides and glucose levels, weight gain during pregnancy and rectal temperature pre and post exercise (swim), as well as the offspring size and weight were analysed.RESULTS: Rectal temperature post exercise was lower than pre exercise at 28 degrees C and 35 degrees C, and higher at 39 degrees C. Weight gain was lower at 39 degrees C for the PT group and at 35 degrees C for the PT and PE groups compared to the PS group. Plasma glucose, at 28 degrees C and 39 degrees C for PS and PE groups, was higher than those obtained at 35 degrees C, while triglycerides were lower. For trained rats, plasma glucose and triglycerides were similar at all water temperatures. Trained rats presented lower triglyceride values at 35 degrees C, and higher triglyceride values at 39 degrees C compared to PS group. Glucose presented inverse results. None of the groups presented fetal reabsorption. However, in the PS group, the offspring presented lower weight gain at 28 degrees C than at 35 degrees C and 39 degrees C.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that pre-pregnancy physical training induces steady values of triglycerides and glucose during exercise at all water temperatures.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Prospecção dos efeitos da administração do quiabo e/ou treinamento físico em ratos com síndrome metabólica(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-10-27) Luna, Moisés Felipe Pereira Gomes de [UNIFESP]; Medeiros, Alessandra [UNIFESP]; Estadella, Debora [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5715718187140258; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0071198026371230; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9006113566107506; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)A síndrome metabólica (SM) consiste em um fenômeno clínico caracterizado por um conjunto de fatores de riscos para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Apesar de nos últimos anos, o extrato de quiabo ter sido estudado no tratamento dos componentes da SM, até o momento nenhum estudo analisou o efeito do consumo de quiabo na SM per se ou os efeitos do quiabo no tecido cardíaco de ratos com SM. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do consumo de quiabo e/ou treinamento físico (TF) em animais com SM. Ao todo, 40 ratos Zucker (fa/fa) foram randomicamente separados em quatro grupos de 10 animais cada: SM; Quiabo (Q); TF; TF mais Quiabo (TFQ), e 10 Zucker lean (fa/+) compuseram o grupo Controle (CTL). O quiabo foi administrado na concentração de 100 mg/kg, 2x/dia, 5 dias/semana, durante as 6 semanas. O TF foi realizado em esteira rolante, 5 dias/semana, 60 minutos/dia, com intensidade de 70% da velocidade obtida no teste de esforço máximo, durante as 6 semanas. Na sexta semana foram realizadas avaliação dos componentes da SM: triacilglicerol (TG), colesterol total, pressão arterial (PA), massa corporal e o teste de sensibilidade à insulina intraperitoneal (ipITT) Após a eutanásia foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações nos tecidos cardíacos e hepáticos: Elisa das interleucinas 6, 10 e fator de necrose tumoral-α (TNF-α); substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), atividade oxidante e antioxidante. Além disso, foi estimado o glicogênio hepático e realizada análise histológica do ventrículo esquerdo. Apesar do consumo de Q, não ter reduzido a massa corpórea, TNF-α, MDA, capacidade oxidante total (TOS) e ter aumentado os níveis de IL-10 e capacidade antixiodante total (TAS) no tecido cardíaco. Por outro lado, o consumo de Q promoveu: redução da resistência à insulina (RI), reduziu os níveis de IL-6 (CTL = 67,9 ± 8,0 pg/µg; SM = 84,7 ± 27,5 pg/µg; Q = 28,4 ± 8,0 pg/µg; TF = 37,3 ± 22,6 pg/µg e TFQ = 45,5 ± 24,8 pg/µg), redução da fração de colágeno cardíaco (CTL = 6,68 ± 2,25%; SM = 12,60 ± 2,08%; Q = 7,52 ± 0,77%; TF = 14,48 ± 2,35% e TFQ = 5,66 ± 0,34%), aumento do diâmetro dos cardiomiócitos (CTL = 13935 ± 2821 µm; SM = 14341 ± 2824 µm; Q = 15570 ± 2626 µm; TF = 14584 ± 2355 µm e TFQ = 15146 ± 2786 µm), redução da PA sistólica (CTL = 131,3 ± 2,9; SM = 149,0 ± 9,3 mmHg; Q = 132,0 ± 11,4 mmHg; TF = 129,2 ± 14,9 mmHg e TFQ = 135,2 ± 5,4 mmHg), e do TG (CTL = 92,45 ± 18,8 mg/dL; SM = 492,9 ± 97,8 mg/dL; Q = 334,9 ± 98,0 mg/dL; TF = 465,0 ± 113,3 mg/dL e TFQ = 412,0 ± 54,4 mg/dL). No tecido hepático, notamos que o consumo de Q não teve interferência nos níveis de IL-10, TNF-α e MDA. No entanto, promoveu maior concentração de glicogênio hepático CTL = 2.675 ± 103,0 µg/g; SM = 2213 ± 514,3 µg/g; Q = 5488 ± 1746 µg/g; TF 7024 ± 2594 µg/g e TFQ 5708 ± 1299 µg/g), e quando associado com o TF promoveu redução da IL-6 (CTL = 12,2 ± 1,1 pg/µg; SM = 48,4 ± 6,0 pg/µg; Q = 44,0 ± 8,5 pg/µg; TF = 39,4 ± 9,0 pg/µg; TFQ = 22,9 ± 7,7 pg/µg) e do TOS (CTL = 19,3 ± 5,8; SM = 18,3 ± 5,8 Q = 14,0 ± 9,8; TF = 16,8 ± 3,1 e TFQ = 3,6 ± 0,1). Dessa forma, conclui-se que o consumo de Q associado ou não ao TF pode exercer efeito protetor do tecido cardíaco de ratos com SM.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)As relações entre diabetes, alzheimer e exercício físico: uma revisão bibliográfica(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-12-16) Nunes, Isadora Dariz [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Ricardo José [UNIFESP]; Borges, Mariana Eiras [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2967870697533392; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2738281530091229; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2738281530091229; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)O presente estudo pretendeu mostrar as relações entre a doença de Alzheimer (DA), diabetes mellitus (DM) e o exercício físico, compreendendo seus mecanismos de desenvolvimento a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica. Foram utilizados artigos de bases eletrônicas como PubMED, LILACS, Bireme e Scielo, publicados entre os anos 2005 até 2015. As palavras chaves para a busca dos artigos foram: “exercício físico and hipocampo”, “Alzheimer and diabetes”, “Alzheimer and diabetes and exercício”, “exercise and memory” e “diabetes and memory”. Quarenta artigos foram selecionados a partir dos critérios de inclusão, dos quais 12 abordaram diabetes e Alzheimer, 10 Insulina, IGF-1 cognição e exercício, 10 relacionaram exercício, memória e função cognitiva, 6 que investigaram exercício, função cognitiva e Alzheimer e apenas 2 que relacionaram exercício físico, diabetes e Alzheimer. Há uma forte relação entre DM e DA, que compartilham de alguns mecanismos degenerativos comuns. O treinamento físico, por outro lado é importante para prevenir os distúrbios cognitivos e de memória causados pelas referidas doenças.