Repositório Institucional - Unifesp :: Navegando por Palavras-chave "Overweight"

Navegando por Palavras-chave "Overweight"

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Adipocinas , Esteatose Hepática E Hiperglicemia Em Gestantes Com Sobrepeso
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-10-26) Sanchez, Victor Hugo Saucedo [UNIFESP]; Daher, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: Obesity is a pro inflammatory condition which predisposes to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The liver plays a central role in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids and these functions are affected in persons with hepatic steatosis. There have been investigations on the involvement of adipokines in the inflammatory reactions of pregnancies. Objective: To assess the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in overweight women and its association with GDM and inflammatory mediators, in comparison with pregnant women without esteatosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited overweight women (prepregnancy BMI > 25 Kg/m2) without any other co-morbidities, between 18-30 weeks´ gestation who were having their two hours 75g oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). Women with 1 or more abnormal OGTT glucose values received a diagnosis of GDM. Serum concentrations of adiponectin, leptin and resistin were measured by ELISA. Immediately after the OGTT, all participants had hepatic ultrasounds. Results: 117 pregnant women were included: 31 (26.5%) received a diagnosis of GDM and 86 (73.5%) were glucose-tolerant. The overall prevalence of hepatic steatosis was 41.0% (n=48). There were no significant differences in adiponectin, leptin and resistin serum levels in women with and without steatosis nor in those with or without GDM. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of hepatic steatosis among overweight women in the 2nd -3rd trimesters of pregnancy. We found no association between the presence of hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance or leptin, resistin and adiponectin serum levels.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Associação entre a concentração sérica de ácido úrico e pressão arterial em crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-02-04) Carvalho, Natalia De [UNIFESP]; Nogueira, Paulo Cesar Koch [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4980474480271642; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4784946291083816; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Objectives: To test the association between serum uric acid concentration and blood pressure in overweight children and adolescents. Methods: cross-sectional study with 187 children and adolescents between 8 and 12 years of age. We evaluated weight, height, waist circumference, Tanner pubertal stage, blood pressure and serum uric acid concentration. To test the association of serum uric acid concentration (UA) with blood pressure (BP), univariate linear regression was performed, in which BP was the outcome variable. In addition to AU, the following covariates were considered: a) sex, b) age, c) BMI Z-score, and d) waist circumference and interaction between UA and each other covariate. Finally, we performed the multivariable linear regression analysis. Results: We found no association between serum uric acid concentration and systolic blood pressure (p=0.410) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.806). When we evaluated the interaction of uric acid with other independent variables, we found a positive effect of the interaction between serum uric acid concentration and age on both systolic blood pressure (p=0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.024). However, this association did not remain positive after analysis of multivariate linear regression. Conclusion: we conclude that serum uric acid concentration has no effect on blood pressure in the sample of children and adolescents studied. However, our data suggest that this association might happen in older children.
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Association between body mass index and sleep duration assessed by objective methods in a representative sample of the adult population
(Elsevier B.V., 2013-04-01) Moraes, Walter André dos Santos [UNIFESP]; Poyares, Dalva [UNIFESP]; Zimberg, Ioná Zalcman [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio de [UNIFESP]; Bittencourt, Lia Rita Azeredo [UNIFESP]; Santos-Silva, Rogerio [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction: Sleep duration has been associated with overweight individuals in many epidemiological studies; however, few studies have assessed sleep using objective methods. Our study was designed to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and sleep duration measured by actigraphy (Acti), polysomnography (PSG) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQIO). Furthermore, we evaluated other biochemical and polysomnographic parameters.Methods: A representative sample of 1042 individuals from São Paulo, Brazil, including both genders (20-80 yrs), participated in our protocol. Weight and other anthropometric parameters were measured at the onset of the study. Sleep duration was calculated by Acti, PSG, and the PSQIQ. the population was sorted by sleep duration, body, slow wave sleep (SWS) and REM sleep (REMS) duration subsets. in addition, other biochemical and polysomnographic parameters were analyzed. Differences between population subsets were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Linear regression analysis was performed between sleep and anthropometric parameters.Results: Shorter sleep duration was associated with higher BMI and waist and neck circumference when measured by Acti and PSG (p < 0.05). Lower leptin levels were associated with short sleep in normal-weight (BMI > 18 and <= 25) individuals (p < 0.01). the association between short sleep duration Acti and higher BMI was present when apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was less than 15 (p = 0.049). Shorter REMS and SWS also were associated with higher BMI (p < 0.01). Normal-weight individuals tended to sleep longer, have higher sleep efficiency and longer SWS and REMS than obese individuals (Acti, PSG; p = 0.05). Sleep duration was negatively correlated with BMI (Acti, PSG; p < 0.05). Short SWS and REMS were associated with higher cardiovascular risk factors (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Shorter sleep, SWS, and REMS duration were associated with higher BMI, central adiposity measurements, and cardiovascular risk factors when measured by objective methods. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aumento da probabilidade diagnóstica de Síndrome de Cushing subclínica em amostra de população de pacientes obesos com diabetes mellitus do tipo 2
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2008-06-27) Caetano, Maria Silvia Santarem [UNIFESP]; Kater, Claudio Elias [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is unusual. Patients with subclinical CS (SCS) present altered cortisol dynamics without obvious manifestations. CS occurs in 2-3% of obese poorly controlled diabetics. We studied 103 overweight adult outpatients with type 2 diabetes to examine for cortisol abnormalities and SCS. All collected salivary cortisol at 23:00h and salivary and serum cortisol after a 1mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST). Patients whose results were in the upper quintile for each test (253ng/dL, 47ng/dL and 1.8ìg/dL, respectively for the 23:00h and post-DST saliva and serum cortisol) were re-investigated. Average values from the upper quintile group were 2.5- fold higher than in the remaining patients. After a confirmatory 2mgx2day DST the investigation for CS was ended for 61 patients with all normal tests and 33 with only one (false) positive test. All 8 patients who had two abnormal tests had subsequent normal 24h-urinary cortisol, and 3 of them were likely to have SCS (abnormal cortisol tests and positive imaging). However, a final diagnosis could not to be confirmed by surgery or pathology. Although not confirmatory, the results of this study suggest that the prevalence of SCS is considerably higher in populations at risk than in the general population.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da condição nutricional de escolares de 5 a 10 anos de idade com baixo peso ao nascer do município de Embu das Artes (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2015-10-09) Santos, Renata Cavalcante Kuhn dos [UNIFESP]; Louzada, Maria Wany [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1532899000031715; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3455474635672845; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
O baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) associa-se à baixa estatura e ao excesso de peso na infância e vida adulta, porém os fatores associados não estão completamente esclarecidos nos países em desenvolvimento. Objetivo: Avaliar a condição nutricional de crianças de 5 a 10 anos de idade, com BPN, matriculadas em escolas públicas do Embu das Artes (região metropolitana de São Paulo) e possíveis associações com antecedentes neonatais e a condição nutricional materna atual. Método: Estudo transversal, realizado em 2011-2012, com 544 escolares BPN. Obtidos dados neonatais das declarações de nascidos vivos e peso atual e estatura das mães. Avaliados o peso e estatura das crianças para o cálculo do escore Z estatura/idade e índice de massa corporal (WHO, 2006; 2007). Esses indicadores foram comparados aos de crianças sem BPN de um estudo de prevalência de condição nutricional no mesmo município, realizado em 2006. Resultados: Quanto à condição nutricional das crianças com BPN: baixa estatura (34/6,2%), sobrepeso (67/12,3%) e obesidade (47/8,6%). A baixa estatura nas crianças BPN associou-se com o sobrepeso/obesidade (OR=0,25; IC95% 0,09?0,70) e baixa estatura maternas (OR = 6,94; IC95% 2,34?20,6). O sobrepeso/obesidade das crianças com BPN associou-se de forma independente com o sobrepeso/obesidade da mãe (OR=2,40; IC95% 1,44?4,01) e o sexo masculino (OR=1,77; IC95% 1,06?2,95). As crianças com BPN apresentaram maior chance de baixa estatura [p=0,028 e OR=2,09 (1,27?3,43)] e menor de sobrepeso/obesidade [p<0,001 e OR=0,438 (0,33-0,57)] em relação ao grupo não BPN. Conclusões: O sobrepeso e obesidade são frequentes em crianças com BPN. Nessa população, sobrepeso/obesidade associaram-se à condição nutricional materna e o sexo; a baixa estatura associou-se à estatura materna.
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Avaliação Da Rede Social De Adolescentes Com Excesso De Peso E Sua Relação Com O Desempenho Durante O Tratamento No Centro De Recuperação E Educação Nutricional - Cren
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-06-28) Feres, Vivian Fortuna [UNIFESP]; Sawaya, Ana Lydia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Objective: To Use A Social Network Approach To Promote Food And Nutritional Security Of Overweight Children. Methods: The Present Study Follows A Methodology Of Qualitative Approach And Describes The Design And The Intervention In The Social Network Of Four Children, Two Females And Two Males, With The Construction Of The Detailed And Complete Social Network Map, Representing All The Relationship Content That Makes Up The Child's Network. These Children Participated In A Larger Project With The Objective Of Evaluating The Effectiveness Of The Multidisciplinary Intervention For Overweight Children In Two Public Schools In São Paulo For Sixteen Months. Results: The Design Of The Social Network Map Carried Out With The Children Made It Possible To Identify The Places And Relationships Where Their Feeding Took Place And Its Profile. In Addition, It Assisted The Reflection Of The Child On His Responsibility And Protagonism In Relation To His Health. In Addition, It Helped The Children And Family Members Reflect On
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de duas classificações para excesso de peso em adolescentes brasileiros
(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2007-08-01) Vítolo, Márcia Regina [UNIFESP]; Campagnolo, Paula Dal Bó; Barros, Maria Elisa; Gama, Cintia Mendes [UNIFESP]; Ancona Lopez, Fábio [UNIFESP]; Fundação Faculdade Federal de Ciências Médicas de Porto Alegre Departamento de Saúde Coletiva; Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Nutrição; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
A cross-sectional study carried out among 418 adolescents between ten and 19 years old at a private school in the city of São Paulo in 1998. The objective of the study was to evaluate the proposed thresholds for diagnosing overweight among Brazilian adolescents. The percentage body fat was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The cutoff points used for excess body fat were 25% for boys and 30% for girls. The body mass index was classified in accordance with Cole et al and with Conde & Monteiro. The Brazilian reference (Conde & Monteiro) presented higher sensitivity among younger girls (44.2% vs. 32.6%), older girls (18.9% vs. 17%) and older boys (83.3% vs. 50%). The Conde & Monteiro proposal presented higher positive and negative predictive values and provided higher-sensitivity predictions of excess body fat among the study population.
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Avaliação do estado nutricional e do padrão alimentar atual e pregresso de crianças pré-escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-02-14) Lourenco, Adriana De Sousa Nagahashi [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Fernanda Luisa Ceragioli [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood increased in the last years. Early introduction of unhealthy foods like ultra-processed foods (UPF) may result in increased consumption in subsequent years. Such an inadequate food intake might increase the risk for development of overweight and, consequently, for chronic non-communicable diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that early introduction of UPF is associated with higher frequency of consumption in preschool children. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 145 children aged 24 to 35 months attending public day care centres in Mogi das Cruzes - São Paulo/Brazil. Interviews were performed with parents or child's guardians for clinical, sociodemographic and anthropometry characterization of the children. An evaluation of the feeding practices in the first year of life was made to evaluate the age of introduction of UPF and the current consumption was estimated by a food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of the consumption of UPF. Results showed that the introduction age of UPF presented a median of 12.6 (Q25=10.4; Q75=16.5) months. There was a negative correlation with age of UPF introduction (β=-0.052; 95%CI: -0.073, -0.031; p<0.001) and socioeconomic score (β=-0.136; 95%CI: -0.230, -0.042; p=0.005). A positive correlation with age (β=0.031; 95%CI: 0.007, 0.054; p=0.010) was found. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the oldest children from families of lowest socioeconomic level and who had earliest introduction of UPF presented higher risk for consumption of these foods in preschool age.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Can sibutramine alter systemic blood pressure in obese patients? Systematic review and meta-analysis
(Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2008-11-01) Lemos Júnior, Hernani Pinto de [UNIFESP]; Atallah, Álvaro Nagib [UNIFESP]; Lemos, André Luis Alves de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
CONTEXT: Systemic arterial hypertension is part of the metabolic syndrome resulting from obesity. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of sibutramine on overweight and obese patients' blood pressure through a systematic review. METHODS: All the studies included needed to be randomized controlled trials. The methodological quality of the selected trials was assessed using the criteria described in the Cochrane Handbook. The participants were overweight and obese patients; the intervention was sibutramine compared with placebo. The primary outcome measurement was systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the secondary measurement was blood pressure. Studies were identified by searching the following sources: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Medline, Cochrane reviews, manual searches, personal communication and contact with the pharmaceutical industry. There were no language, date or other restrictions. Data collection and extraction was performed by two reviewers, who independently obtained the full articles of all eligible papers. RESULTS: Three meta-analyses were produced: 1) systolic blood pressure outcome (eight studies) did not show statistical significance between sibutramine and placebo: weighted mean difference (WMD) 1.57, confidence interval (CI) -0.03 to 3.18; 2) diastolic blood pressure outcome (ten studies) did not show statistical significance between sibutramine and placebo: WMD 1.13, CI -0.49 to 2.76; 3) blood pressure outcome (two studies) also did not show statistical significance between the groups: relative risk (RR) 0.69, CI 0.07 to 7.01. CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analyses presented in this systematic review show that sibutramine does not have a statistically significant effect on blood pressure, compared with placebo.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização de células natural killer periféricas em pacientes com diabetes mellitus gestacional
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-10-26) Borges, Camila de Moraes [UNIFESP]; Daher, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1993353561775961; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5938358901097469; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0152503888051765; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introdução: A fisiopatologia do Diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) é complexa envolvendo a participação de diversas células e mediadores imunes. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil de células Natural killers (NK) presentes no sangue periférico de gestantes com DMG. Métodos: Este foi um estudo do tipo caso-controle, que incluiu 39 pacientes normoglicêmicas (controles) e 36 com DMG cursando o 3º trimestre da gestação. As células NK CD56+16+ e suas subpopulações foram quantificadas e caracterizadas por citometria de fluxo e, após sorting foram analisadas a expressão de citocinas e quimiocinas por Multiplex. Avaliamos também a glicemia de jejum, insulina, e hemoglobina glicada. Resultados: Identificamos, correlação positiva entre a porcentagem de células NK CD16+CD56bright e os níveis séricos de IL-10 no grupo controle e entre esta subpopulação e as concentrações de TGF-B nas DMG. Quando comparamos as gestantes com sobrepeso entre si observamos que as diabéticas apresentavam maior porcentagem de células NK CD16+CD56dim e também correlação positiva entre a porcentagem de células NK CD16+CD56bright e os níveis séricos de TGF-B. Não observamos outras diferenças significantes entre os grupos. Conclusão: Neste estudo foi observado alteração no perfil de células NK e na secreção de citocinas em pacientes com sobrepeso e DMG, sugerindo que estes desequilíbrios acontecem quando estas duas condições clínicas estão associadas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Células T reguladoras e o diabetes mellitus gestacional
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017) Lobo, Thalita Frutuoso [UNIFESP]; Daher, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1993353561775961; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5938358901097469; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3030309188937712; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil de células T reguladoras (Treg) circulantes de gestantes com Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG), independente ou não de categorias de índice de massa corpórea (IMC), correlacionando com parâmetros laboratoriais. Métodos: Incluímos gestantes sem (controles) e com DMG durante o 3º trimestre. Avaliamos linfócitos TCD4+, Treg e subpopulações por citometria de fluxo e a expressão de citocinas e quimiocinas pós sorting por Multiplex. Avaliamos também glicemia de jejum, insulina, e hemoglobina glicada. Resultados: Incluímos 41 controles e 36 com DMG. Não encontramos correlação entre as porcentagens de células Treg e glicemia de jejum ou hemoglobina glicada, mas observamos correlação positiva entre estas células e os níveis de insulina em controles e, entre os níveis de insulina e células TCD4+CD25bright nas DMG. Resultado que se repetiu quando avaliamos apenas gestantes com sobrepeso. Não observamos diferenças significantes quanto à porcentagem de Treg e quanto à expressão dos mediadores quando comparamos os grupos. No grupo DMG, identificamos correlação positiva entre as células TCD4+CD25+FOXP3high e os níveis de TNF-A. Analisando os grupos de acordo com o IMC observamos que entre as gestantes com sobrepeso as diabéticas apresentaram menor porcentagem de TCD4+CD25bright e TCD4+CD25+FOXP3high e, maior produção de TNF-A por células Treg comparadas as controles. Conclusões: O DMG é uma condição em que ocorre alteração no perfil de células Treg, em especial quando associado ao sobrepeso. Observamos diminuição da porcentagem de células Treg circulantes com perfil supressor associado a maior produção da citocina inflamatória TNF-A. Encontramos correlação entre níveis de insulina e certos subtipos de células Treg.
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Concentrações de vitamina D e resistência insulínica em crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2021) Coelho, Stephanie Ramos [UNIFESP]; Sarni, Roseli Oselka Saccardo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Objective: To describe the concentrations of 25(OH)D in children and adolescents and to verify the association with the Z score of the body mass index, lipid profile and HOMA-IR. Method: Cross-sectional study with 234 children and adolescents aged between 4 and 15 years (170 eutrophic and 64 overweight) from a public institution/school in Santo André. Data collected: anthropometric data (weight and height), expressed as body mass index (ZIMC) and height-for-age (ZE) Z-score. The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was calculated and considered to be increased when >0.5. Laboratory tests: 25(OH)D concentrations (electrochemiluminescence) (25(OH)D deficiency < 20 ng/mL); glycemia and insulin (HOMA-IR), lipid profile and ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (CRP). Results: Mean age was 100±38.2 months; 89 (52.4%) were male; 77 (45.3%) caucasians and 121 (71.2%) prepubescent. Overweight was observed in 64 (37.6%); 39 (22.9%), 19 (11.2%) and 6 (3.5%) were overweight, obese, and severely obese, respectively. Dyslipidemia was detected in 108 (63.5%) and 25(OH)D deficiency in 117 (68.8%) of the individuals. WHtR (r = -0.154; p = 0.045), ZIMC (r=-0.209; p=0.006), triglycerides (r = -0.161; p=0.037) and triglycerides/HDL-c ratio (r = -0.168; p = 0.028) correlated inversely with 25(OH)D concentrations. Overweight children and adolescents were four times more likely to have vitamin D deficiency (OR = 4.28; 95% CI 1.152 to 4.907; p = 0.019), after adjustment for pubertal stage (prepubertal), sex (male), HDL-c (< 45 mg/dL), Not HDL-c (> 120 mg/dL), triglyceride/HDL-c ratio (> 2.0) and HOMA-IR. Conclusions: The present study showed that vitamin D deficiency occurred in approximately 70% of the children and adolescents evaluated; overweight and dyslipidemia were observed in 38% and 63%, respectively. There was an independent association between vitamin D deficiency and overweight, not observed for changes in the lipid profile and HOMA-IR. The data point to the need for periodic monitoring of serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and reinforcement of guidelines for combating and preventing overweight in the pediatric age group.
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Descriptive analysis of the masticatory and salivary functions and gustatory sensitivity in healthy children
(Hindawi Publishing Corp, 2016) Salome Marquezin, Maria Carolina; Pedroni-Pereira, Aline; Araujo, Darlle Santos; Rosar, Joao Vicente; Barbosa, Tais S.; Castelo, Paula Midori [UNIFESP]
Objective: The objective of this study is to better understand salivary and masticatory characteristics, this study evaluated the relationship among salivary parameters, bite force (BF), masticatory performance (MP) and gustatory sensitivity in healthy children. The secondary outcome was to evaluate possible gender differences.Materials and methods: One hundred and sixteen eutrophic subjects aged 7-11 years old were evaluated, caries-free and with no definite need of orthodontic treatment. Salivary flow rate and pH, total protein (TP), alpha-amylase (AMY), calcium (CA) and phosphate (PHO) concentrations were determined in stimulated (SS) and unstimulated saliva (US). BF and MP were evaluated using digital gnathodynamometer and fractional sieving method, respectively. Gustatory sensitivity was determined by detecting the four primary tastes (sweet, salty, sour and bitter) in three different concentrations. Data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney/t-test, Spearman correlation and multiple regression analysis, considering =0.05.Results: Significant positive correlation between taste and age was observed. CA and PHO concentrations correlated negatively with salivary flow and pH
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Does low birth weight affect the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese children?
(Springer, 2013-12-01) Ponzio, Caroline [UNIFESP]; Palomino, Zaira [UNIFESP]; Puccini, Rosana Fiorini [UNIFESP]; Strufaldi, Maria Wany Louzada [UNIFESP]; Franco, Maria do Carmo Pinho [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Recent findings suggest that low-birth-weight children with current obesity are more likely to have higher systolic blood pressure levels and impaired beta-cell function than those who are obese with normal birth weight. It seems possible, however, that concurrent low birth weight with excess weight gain can exacerbate other risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of birth weight on the lipid/apolipoprotein profile, visfatin levels, and insulin parameters in overweight/obese children. A cross-sectional study of 68 overweight/obese children was conducted. Among these children, 28 were identified with low birth weight and 40 were of normal birth weight. Blood lipid profile, apolipoproteins, visfatin, glucose, and insulin were measured. Our results show that systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels, triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), apolipoprotein B and E, insulin, apolipoprotein B/A(1) ratio, and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly elevated in overweight/obese low-birth-weight (LBW) children. There was a significant association of the SBP levels with TG (P = 0.027), LDLc (P = 0.001), HOMA-IR (P < 0.001), apolipoprotein B (P = 0.001), and apolipoprotein E (P = 0.039). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that LBW children with overweight or obesity have an additional risk factor for both atherogenic and insulinogenic profile.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
The double task of preventing malnutrition and overweight: a quasi-experimental community-based trial
(Biomed Central Ltd, 2013-03-09) Navarro, Jose I. [UNIFESP]; Sigulem, Dirce Maria [UNIFESP]; Ferraro, Alexandre A.; Polanco, Juan J.; Barros, Aluisio J. D.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Social & Demog Studies Ctr; Univ Fed Pelotas
Background: the Maternal-Child Pastoral is a volunteer-based community organization of the Dominican Republic that works with families to improve child survival and development. A program that promotes key practices of maternal and child care through meetings with pregnant women and home visits to promote child growth and development was designed and implemented. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the program on nutritional status indicators of children in the first two years of age.Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used, with groups paired according to a socioeconomic index, comparing eight geographical areas of intervention with eight control areas. the intervention was carried out by lay health volunteers. Mothers in the intervention areas received home visits each month and participated in a group activity held biweekly during pregnancy and monthly after birth. the primary outcomes were length and body mass index for age. Statistical analyses were based on linear and logistic regression models.Results: 196 children in the intervention group and 263 in the control group were evaluated. the intervention did not show statistically significant effects on length, but point estimates found were in the desired direction: mean difference 0.21 (95%CI -0.02; 0.44) for length-for-age Z-score and OR 0.50 (95%CI 0.22; 1.10) for stunting. Significant reductions of BMI-for-age Z-score (-0.31, 95%CI -0.49; -0.12) and of BMI-for-age > 85th percentile (0.43, 95%CI 0.23; 0.77) were observed. the intervention showed positive effects in some indicators of intermediary factors such as growth monitoring, health promotion activities, micronutrient supplementation, exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding.Conclusions: Despite finding effect measures pointing to effects in the desired direction related to malnutrition, we could only detect a reduction in the risk of overweight attributable to the intervention. the findings related to obesity prevention may be of interest in the context of the nutritional transition. Given the size of this study, the results are encouraging and we believe a larger study is warranted.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Early determinants of overweight and obesity at 5 years old in preschoolers from inner of Minas Gerais, Brazil
(Aula Medica Ediciones, 2013-05-01) Nobre, Luciana Neri; Silva, Kellen Cristine; Ferreira, Sofia Emanuelle de Castro [UNIFESP]; Moreira, Lidiane Lopes; Lessa, Angelina do Carmo; Lamounier, Joel Alves; Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo Castro; Fed Univ Vales Jequitinhonha & Mucuri; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Federal Univ Sao Joao Del Rei; Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)
Introduction: Brazil is experiencing a nutritional transition characterized by a reduction in the prevalence of nutritional deficits and an increase in overweight and obesity, not only in adults but also in children and adolescents.Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the factors associated with overweight and obesity in Brazilian 5-year-old preschoolers.Methods: A cross-sectional study of a cohort of 232 preschoolers born in Diamantina/Minas Gerais, Brazil, was undertaken. the data, including socioeconomic status, anthropometry, diet, previous history of the preschoolers and family history, were collected between July of 2009 and July of 2010. To identify the factors associated with overweight and obesity, a logistic regression and a hierarchical model were undertaken.Results: Overweight and obesity occurred in 17.2% of the preschoolers. After adjusting for mother's obesity, per capita income, protective food intake, weight gain at age 0-4 months and time spent playing, the factors associated with overweight and obesity that reached statistical significance were mother's obesity [OR = 3.12 (95% CI 1.41-6.91), P = 0.01], weight gain of more than 0.85 kg/month in the first four months of life [OR = 2.16 (95% CI 1.01-4.64), P = 0.041 and lower per capita income [OR = 0.32 (95 %CI 0.13-0.79), P = 0.01].Conclusion: the results show that more weight gain during the first four months of life and being born of mothers with obesity increased the odds of overweight/obesity in the preschoolers, while lower per capita income was a protective factor.
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EARLY WEANING and OTHER POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS for OVERWEIGHT AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
(Hospital Clinicas, Univ São Paulo, 2010-02-01) Balaban, Geni; Motta, Maria Eugenia Farias Almeida; Pontes Silva, Giselia Alves [UNIFESP]; Univ Fed Ceara; Sch Med Juazeiro Norte; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether early weaning constitutes a risk factor for overweight at preschool age and to identify other factors that affect this association.METHODS: This was a case-control study of 366 children aged 2 to 6 years (176 boys and 190 girls) from three cities. the case group comprised overweight children, as defined by body mass index (BMI) for age greater than or equal to the 85(th) percentile. the main exposure analyzed was early weaning (exclusive or predominant breastfeeding for less than four months).RESULTS: Early weaning was a significant risk factor for overweight in univariate analysis (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.10-2.60; p = 0.02), but not in multivariate analysis (OR = 1.42; 95% CI: 0.86-2.34; p = 0.17). Maternal overweight, birth weight >= 3,500 g and sedentarism were the main risk factors for overweight in multivariate analysis.DISCUSSION: in our study, the protective effect of breastfeeding against overweight was only shown in univariate analysis; it did not persist after controlling for other variables. It is possible that breastfeeding has only a small protective role against overweight in comparison with other variables of greater importance.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the potential protective effect of breastfeeding against overweight among preschool children is weaker than genetic and other environmental factors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O efeito da poluição atmosférica na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em indivíduos com excesso de peso
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-01-31) Base, Luis Henrique [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Celso [UNIFESP]; Ferreira Filho, Celso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6851397444757156; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5104524767299502; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Introduction. Among the several factors related to the development of cardiovascular diseases, air pollution and obesity contribute significantly to this increase. Objective. To analyze the effect of air pollution on the autonomic modulation of heart rate in overweight individuals. Method. We analyzed adult individuals, aged between 18 and 49 years, with BMI >25 kg/m2. The municipality of Cubatão (SP) was selected as an experimental area, due to a study carried out by the Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental in 2001 and 2013, which proved toxic sources in the territory. It is a control area located in the municipality of Peruíbe (SP). Intergroup analyzes were performed with the linear indexes of the time and frequency domain, in addition to the geometric indexes. Result. There was a reduction in the general heart rate variability in the overweight individuals exposed to air pollution through SDNN, SD2, RRTri and TINN indexes (p = 0.012, p = 0.013, p-0.009, p = 0.010, respectively). In addition, the indexes responsible for parasympathetic control such as rMSSD, pNN50 and SD1 showed a tendency to fall in their values, as well as, the LF index, which represents the action of the sympathetic, although not significant. Conclusion. The study showed that overweight individuals exposed to air pollution had lower overall HRV when compared to the control group. In addition, parasympathetic and sympathetic modulation were shown to have a downward trend, although not significant.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos do treinamento físico combinado sobre a mecânica e função pulmonar e sobre a resposta imune pulmonar e sistêmica de mulheres obesas
(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-10-18) Silva-Reis, Anamei [UNIFESP]; Vieira, Rodolfo de Paula [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9213556008468472; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6012272818420739; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
A obesidade prejudica a função e a mecânica pulmonar e a resposta imune, mas o impacto do exercício físico combinado (CPE) sobre isso é desconhecido. Investigamos os efeitos de 12 semanas de CPE [20min/sessão em esteira aeróbica+40min/sessão de treinamento resistido (75% 1Max Rep)], 3x/semana em eutróficos (n=12), sobrepeso (n=17) e obesos grau I (n=11) mulheres. O CPE melhorou a CVF% (p<0,001) e PFE% (p<0,0003) em obesos, a resistência do sistema respiratório (R5Hz) em eutróficos (p<0,0099), sobrepeso (p<0,0005) e obesos (p<0,0001); R20Hz em eutróficos (p<0,01), sobrepeso (p<0,0009) e obesos (p<0,0001); R5Hz-R20Hz em eutróficos (p<0,01), sobrepeso (p<0,0012) e obesos (p<0,0001); o X5Hz em eutróficos (p<0,01), sobrepeso (p<0,0006) e obesos (p<0,0005); Z5Hz em eutróficos (p<0,0099), sobrepeso (p<0,0005) e obesos (p<0,0001); RCcentral em eutróficos (p<0,01), sobrepeso (p<0,001) e obesos (p<0,0003); e no RPeripheralin eutrófico (p<0,03), sobrepeso (p<0,001) e obeso (p<0,0002). O CPE reduziu os níveis de IGF-1 pró-fibrótico em BC em sobrepeso (p<0,0094) e obesos (p<0,0001) e aumentou os níveis anti-fibróticos Klotho em BC em obesos (p<0,0001), reduziu os níveis de óxido nítrico exalado ( EBC) em sobrepeso (p<0,03) e obeso (p<0,0001). O CPE melhora a função pulmonar, a mecânica e a resposta imune pulmonar em mulheres com sobrepeso e obesas grau I, aumentando a proteína antifibrótica Klotho e reduzindo o IGF-1 pró-fibrótico.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Effects of programmed physical activity on body composition in post-pubertal schoolchildren
(Soc Brasil Pediatria, 2015-03-01) Farias, Edson dos Santos [UNIFESP]; Gonçalves, Ezequiel Moreira; Morcillo, André Moreno; Guerra-Junior, Gil; Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Univ Fed Rondonia UNIR
Objective: To assess body composition modifications in post-pubertal schoolchildren after practice of a physical activity program during one school year.Methods: the sample consisted of 386 students aged between 15 and 17 years and divided into two groups: the study group (SG) comprised 195 students and the control group (CG), 191. the SG was submitted to a physical activity program and the CG attended conventional physical education classes. Body composition was assessed using body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (%BF), fat mass (FM), and lean mass (LM).Results: A positive effect of the physical activity program on body composition in the SG (p < 0.001) was observed, as well as on the interaction time x group in all the variables analyzed in both genders. A reduction in %BF (mean of differences = -5.58%) and waist circumference (-2.33 cm), as well as an increase in LM (+2.05 kg) were observed in the SG for both genders, whereas the opposite was observed in the CG.Conclusion: the practice of programmed physical activity promotes significant reduction of body fat in post-pubertal schoolchildren. (C) 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

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