Navegando por Palavras-chave "Neuronal plasticity"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosAlterações neuroquímicas associadas a epilepsia do lobo temporal(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2003) Naffah-Mazzacoratti, Maria da Graca [UNIFESP]O modelo de epilepsia induzido pela injecao sistemica de pilocarpina, um agonista colinergico muscarinico, reproduz em roedores as principais caracteristicas da epilepsia do lobo temporal, que acomete os seres humanos e, o hipocampo e uma das principais areas afetadas. 0 modelo se caracteriza por tres fases comportamentais e eletrograficas bem distintas: a) fase aguda, caracterizada pela ocorrencia de estado de mal epileptico (SE) de longa duracao (12-18 h); b) fase silenciosa, caracterizada pela normalizacao comportamental e eletrografica (15 dias); c) fase cronica, caracterizada pela presenca de crises espontaneas e recorrentes (2 a 3 crises por semana, persistindo por toda a vida do animal). 0 fenomeno epileptico pode estar envolvido com um aumento da funcao excitatoria do SNC, diminuicao da funcao inibitoria ou pode ainda associar ambos mecanismos. Nesse contexto, um dos primeiros trabalhos efetuados nesse estudo, foi a quantificacao dos principais aminoacidos excitatorios e inibitorios e, um estudo da taxa de utilizacao das principais monoaminas, presentes no hipocampo de animais submetidos ao modelo experimental de epilepsia induzido por pilocarpina, foi tambem efetuado. Os resultados mostraram que o hipocampo desses animais apresentava uma neurotransmissao completamente alterada. Havia excesso na liberacao de glutamato durante o estado de mal epileptico, aumento da taxa de utilizacao de NE, diminuicao na taxa de utilizacao de DA, entre outras anormalidades encontradas. Apos esse trabalho, cinco linhas de pesquisa foram desenvolvidas no sentido de entendermos de que maneira o tecido nervoso normal, apos sofrer uma lesao, passa a apresentar disparos anormais, sendo considerado um foco epileptico. Estudamos entao: 1- Alteracao na expressao de proteinas ligadas a transducao do sinal de membrana e epileptogenese. Nesse item investigamos a expressao de proteinas fosforiladas no residuo da tirosina (PTyP), a expressao da proteina cinase ativada por mitogenos (MAPK) e da fosfoproteina associada ao crescimento (GAP-43); 2- Proteinas envolvidas na exocitose e sinaptogenese hipocampal na epilepsia do lobo temporal. Nessa fase do trabalho, investigamos a relacao entre proteinas ligadas a sinaptogenese e exocitose de vesiculas sinapticas(Mint 1 e sinaptofisina)a(au)
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação comportamental do processamento auditivo pré e pós treinamento auditivo formal em indivíduos após traumatismo cranioencefálico(Academia Brasileira de Audiologia, 2014-03-01) Marangoni, Andréa Tortosa [UNIFESP]; Gil, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Purpose : To investigate the effects of formal auditory training on individuals with traumatic brain injury using behavioral tests. Methods : Nine normal hearing individuals who had severe traumatic brain injury underwent behavioral evaluation of auditory processing pre and post formal auditory training. Eight sessions took place in an attempt to train the auditory skills of temporal ordering, auditory closure and figure-ground. Results : All individuals improved in all tests after the training, improving the auditory skills of temporal ordering and figure-ground of verbal sounds. In terms of the altered gnosis processes, a significant improvement was found for encoding (gradual loss of memory and sensory integration) and organization. Conclusion : After formal auditory training, individuals with severe traumatic brain injury exhibited adequacy in the auditory skills of figure-ground, temporal ordering and resolution.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação comportamental e eletrofisiológica do processamento auditivo em crianças com traumatismo cranioencefálico pré e pós terapia fonoaudiológica(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-02-24) Silva, Mariane Richetto da [UNIFESP]; Gil, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Avila, Clara Regina Brandão de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4265004102490366; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6363626867862971; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0062247550230192; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To verify the effects of a speech-language intervention program in children after traumatic brain injury (TBI) on hearing and metalinguistic abilities. Method: The study included 5 children, aged 9 to 11 years, who had moderate or Severe at least 6 months, right-handed, literate before the injury, do not present difficulties before the injury, Central Auditory Processing Disorder and Reading and Writing Change. Electrophysiological evaluation (BAEP, PEALL with TB and with complex stimulus), behavioral evaluation of central auditory processing and reading and writing evaluation were performed. Ten sessions of speech therapy intervention were carried out, in which language and hearing aspects were stimulated. After the sessions were finished, the behavioral and electrophysiological evaluations were performed. Results: A statistically significant result, post phonoaudiological intervention, in the items phonemic synthesis and phonemic awareness of phonological awareness; In the PEALL with tone burst there was improvement in the latency of the N1 left ear, P2 in both ears, N2 in both ears and P3 in the right ear; In the BAEP there was improvement in the latency of the I wave in the left ear and in the Central Auditory Processing improvement in the test of sequential memory of 3 sounds sounds verbal and the test of speech with white noise in the right ear. Conclusion: The speech-language intervention program developed is effective in children after traumatic brain injury.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEffects of different fluences of low-level laser therapy in an experimental model of spinal cord injury in rats(Springer London Ltd, 2017) Veronez, Suellen de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Assis, Livia [UNIFESP]; Del Campo, Paula [UNIFESP]; De Oliveira, Flavia [UNIFESP]; Castro, Glaucia Monteiro de [UNIFESP]; Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz [UNIFESP]; Medalha, Carla Christina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo response of different fluences of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the area of the injury, inflammatory markers, and functional recovery using an experimental model of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Thirty two rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups: control group (CG), laser-treated group 500 J/cm(2) (L-500), laser-treated group 750 J/cm(2) (L-750), and laser-treated group 1000 J/cm(2) (L-1000). SCI was performed by an impactor equipment (between the ninth and tenth thoracic vertebrae), with a pressure of 150 kdyn. Afterwards, the injured region was irradiated daily for seven consecutive sessions, using an 808-nm laser, at the respective fluence of each experimental groups. Motor function and tactile sensitivity were performed on days 1 and 7 post-surgery. Animals were euthanized on the eighth day after injury, and the samples were retrieved for histological and immunohistochemistry analyses. Functional evaluation and tactile sensitivity were improved after LLLT, at the higher fluence. Additionally, LLLT, at 750 and 1000 J/cm(2), reduces the lesion volume and modulates the inflammatory process with decrease of CD-68 protein expression. These results suggest that LLLT at higher doses was effective in promoting functional recovery and modulating inflammatory process in the spinal cord of rats after SCI.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosModification of the natural progression of epileptogenesis by means of biperiden in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy(Elsevier Science Bv, 2017) Bittencourt, Simone [UNIFESP]; Ferrazoli, Eneas [UNIFESP]; Valente, Maria Fernanda [UNIFESP]; Romariz, Simone [UNIFESP]; Janisset, Nilma R. L. L. [UNIFESP]; Macedo, Carlos Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Antonio, Bruno de Brito [UNIFESP]; Barros, Vanessa [UNIFESP]; Mundim, Mayara [UNIFESP]; Porcionatto, Marimelia [UNIFESP]; Aarão, Mayra Consuelo; Miranda, Maisa Ferreira; Rodrigues, Antonio Marcio; Guimaraes de Almeida, Antonio-Carlos; Longo, Beatriz M. [UNIFESP]; Mello, Luiz E. [UNIFESP]Brain injuries are often associated with the later development of epilepsy. Evidence suggests that morphological and functional changes occur in the remaining neural tissue during a silent (or latent) period in which no seizures are expressed. It is believed that this silent (reorganization) period may provide a therapeutic window for modifying the natural history of disease progression. Here we provide evidence that biperiden, a muscarinic anticholinergic agent, is able to alter disease progression in an animal model of epilepsy. We observed that biperiden was capable of slowing the manifestation of the first spontaneous epileptic seizure and effectively reduced the severity and number of recurrent, spontaneous epileptic seizures during the animals' lifespan. Biomolecular (microdialysis) and electrophysiological (extracellular field recordings) studies determined that biperiden was capable of elevating the threshold of hippocampal excitability, thereby making the hippocampal glutamatergic pathways less responsive to stimuli when high concentrations of potassium were used in vivo or in vitro. Notably, there was no hindrance of long-term memory or learning (a potential problem given the amnestic nature of biperiden). We conclude that biperiden has antiepileptogenic potential and may represent an opportunity for the prevention of post-traumatic epilepsy.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosTerapia a laser de baixa intensidade na neuroplasticidade e recuperação funcional da lesão medular(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016) Campo, Paula Fernanda Gallani Martin Del [UNIFESP]; Aguiar, Odair [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: The spinal cord injury (SCI) consists of any damages to the structures in the medullary canal. This injury can be traumatic or non-traumatic, the latter being the most common. The central nervous system (CNS) has a low ability to get repaired, requiring the use of therapeutic approaches in order to favor neuroplasticity. In this context, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been proposed as a promising treatment for repairing central and peripheral nervous system injuries. Aim: to investigate the effects of LLLT, after traumatic injuries, on the regeneration and neuroplasticity of the spinal cord, as well as on the sensorial and motor functional recovery. Materials and methods: female wistar rats (n= 33), aging 10 weeks, were submitted to spinal cord injury contusion model (CEUA N: 9329290514). The animals were divided into two groups: control (C; n= 19) and laser (L; n= 14), and they were euthanized after 4 and 8 weeks. The L group was treated, for 15 consecutive days, with continuous emission of GaAlAs laser which was adjusted with the following parameters: λ = 808 nm, power of 100 mW, spot area = 0.028 cm²; t = 4'42 ''; dosage of 1000 J / cm²; E = 28 J; irradiance = 3.57 mW / cm². At days 1, 14, 28 and 56 after the surgery, the motor function (using BBB score and computed kinematics), the thermal sensitivity (using ice) and the tactile sensitivity (using Von Frey® monofilaments) were evaluated. Additionally, histological and immunohistochemical analysis were performed to investigate the lesion volume and the expression of GFAP respectively. Results: The main findings of this study demonstrate, based on the BBB score, that LLLT was able to improve the motor performance in the group L compared to group C after 56 days. Furthermore, LLLT was capable to decrease the immunoexpression of of GFAP marker and the lesion volume in the injury site after 56 days. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is suggested that the effect of LLLT in the lesion (i) assisted in the motor recovery; (ii) reduced the lesion volume and (iii) decreased the GFAP immunostaining. This study indicates that the LLLT is a promising therapeutic approach for the SCI treatment, justifying the need of further investigations utilizing other experimental models and other specific markers.