Navegando por Palavras-chave "Neurodegenerative diseases"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Altos níveis de leptina em adultos com obesidade e sua relação com a proteína bdnf(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-02-25) Rodrigues, Isabele dos Reis [UNIFESP]; Caranti, Danielle Arisa [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4760019839583649; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8712546687649018; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introdução: De acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), obesidade é o excesso de tecido adiposo a um nível prejudicial à saúde. Com o acúmulo de gordura, ocorre o aumento proporcional de leptina, hormônio que atua no hipotálamo realizando o controle da saciedade. Indivíduos com obesidade tendem a ter níveis muito elevados desse hormônio, estado que acarreta na resistência à leptina por seus receptores. Além de isso resultar na piora da função homeostática, estudos têm demonstrado que este quadro resulta na possível diminuição dos níveis séricos de BDNF, uma neurotrofina fundamental na comunicação entre os neurônios e saúde do SNC. Esta hipótese poderia explicar a relação entre a desregulação de leptina com a alteração das funções cerebrais, mecanismos que, consequentemente, poderiam ser fator de risco para a gênese de doenças neurodegenerativas. Objetivo: O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi avaliar os impactos dos níveis elevados de leptina na expressão da proteína BDNF em adultos com obesidade. Os objetivos específicos foram identificar a relação dos níveis elevados de leptina e a gênese de doenças neurodegenerativas e sua correlação com outras variáveis antropométricas como IMC, perímetro de pescoço, quadril e cintura. Método: Tratou-se de estudo retrospectivo com visita ao banco de dados do Grupo de estudos da obesidade (GEO) onde foram feitas avaliações entre adultos de 30 a 50 anos, participantes deste mesmo grupo da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, com IMC entre 30 e 39.9 kg/m². As avaliações foram: IMC, por meio da relação entre o peso e a altura ao quadrado (kg/m²), perímetro de pescoço, perímetro de cintura e perímetro de quadril. As concentrações de leptina foram mensuradas por um kit de radioimunoensaio e as concentrações de BDNF por meio de sua mensuração no plasma sanguíneo. Hipótese: acredita-se que a atividade da proteína BDNF esteja prejudicada nos indivíduos com obesidade que obtenham altos níveis de leptina. Resultados: A relação entre leptina e BDNF foi positiva (r = 0, 339, p < 0, 01), a leptina se relacionou positivamente com CQ (r = 0, 339, p < 0,01) e negativamente com PP (r = -0, 346, p < 0,01) e com PC (r = -0, 23, p < 0, 05). Houve diferença significativa entre as médias (p < 0,05) do primeiro e terceiro tercil de BDNF e PQ, sendo positivas, entre primeiro e terceiro tercil de PP, sendo negativa e diferença positiva entre o primeiro e segundo tercil de PQ. Conclusões: A leptina em excesso não foi um fator causador da diminuição dos níveis séricos de BDNF, logo não demonstrando risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças degenerativas por falta dessa neurotrofina no cérebro. Apenas a variável perímetro de quadril foi diretamente proporcional aos níveis de leptina, servindo de parâmetro para medição da quantidade desse hormônio neste caso. Há a necessidade de mais estudos serem realizados sobre esta temática.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Análises comportamentais em larvas de zebrafish (Danio rerio) expostas a espécies de manganês de interesse ambiental(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2017-07-31) Babinski, Elaine Cristina [UNIFESP]; Hernandez, Raul Bonne [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Manganese is an essential element. However, acute and chronic exposures for this element can result in neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration, by unclear mechanisms. Precisely, this work aimed at studying the importance of chemical speciation of manganese (Mn) on neurobehavioral and neurodegenerative changes during embryological development. In this way, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed during the developmental period (48-120 hours after fertilization, hpf) to chemical species of manganese (Mn (II) and Mn (III)), in neutral (white) and colored environments. The citrate of Mn(III) was the chemical species that induced the major neurobehavioral alterations on the larvae; which, often shown ansiogenic signals. The findings this work are an additional contribuition to understanding of the role chemical speciation for behavioral changes (locomotion and cognition), associated with the neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration induced by manganese.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Caregiver awareness of cerebrovascular risk of patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease in São Paulo, Brazil(Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 2014-07-01) Oliveira, Fabricio Ferreira de [UNIFESP]; Wajman, Jose Roberto; Bertolucci, Paulo Henrique Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BackgroundProper control of cerebrovascular risk is essential to prevent cognitive change in dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ObjectiveTo investigate whether caregiver awareness to control cerebrovascular risk impacts the lifestyles of patients with AD. MethodConsecutive outpatients with AD were assessed for demographic features, Clinical Dementia Rating scores, cerebrovascular risk, pharmacotherapy, dietary therapy and practice of physical activities. Patients and caregivers were inquired on awareness of the importance of measures to control cerebrovascular risk. Chi-square test was employed for statistics, significance at ρ < 0.05. ResultA total of 217 patients were included; whereas 149 caregivers (68.7%) were aware of the need to control cerebrovascular risk, only 11 patients (5.1%) simultaneously practiced physical activities and received pharmacological treatment and dietary therapy. Patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more likely to receive dietary therapy (ρ = 0.007). Male patients were more engaged in physical activities (ρ = 0.018). Patients in earlier AD stages exercised (ρ = 0.0003) and received pharmacological treatment more often (ρ = 0.0072). Caregiver awareness of the need to control cerebrovascular risk was higher when patients had hypertension (ρ = 0.024) and/or hypercholesterolemia (ρ = 0.006), and influenced adherence to dietary therapy (ρ = 0.002) and to pharmacological treatment (ρ = 0.001). DiscussionCaregiver awareness of the need to control cerebrovascular risk has positive impacts for patients with AD.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeito das estatinas na progressão da calcificação coronariana em receptores de transplante renal(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-11-30) Yazbek, Daniel Constantino [UNIFESP]; Canziani, Maria Eugenia Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Aluízio Barbosa de [UNIFESP]; Boim, Mirian Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Aluízio Barbosa de Carvalho : http://lattes.cnpq.br/7909431111187945; Mirian Aparecida Boim : http://lattes.cnpq.br/8916858915652849; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616590420890318; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9080733871851059; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background: coronary artery calcification (CAC) is highly prevalent in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Some studies have shown a reduction in CAC progression with statin therapy in the general and chronic kidney disease (CKD) populations. However, in kidney transplant there are no studies evaluating the impact of statin on cardiovascular disease. Objectives and Methods: the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of statins on CAC progression in incident kidney transplant recipients. A total of 100 incident renal transplant recipients were analyzed, mostly male (56%), aged 41.1 ± 37.6 years, with prior dialysis time 24 (11-60) months and most of them received a kidney for a living donors ( 67%). Patients were randomly assigned to the statin (n = 61, 10 mg daily with rosuvastatin or atorvastatin) and control group (n = 59). Coronary tomography scan and biochemical analyses were performed at baseline and 12 months. Results: at baseline, CAC was observed in 30% and 21% of patients in the statin and control groups, respectively (p = 0.39). The calcium score at baseline and its absolute and relative changes over 12 months of follow up were similar among the groups. In the statin group, total cholesterol (p < 0.001), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001) and triglycerides (p = 0.005) decreased, and the estimated glomerular function rate increased (p<0.001) significantly. CRP levels remained stable (p = 0.52) in the statin group but increased in the control group (p = 0.01). In the multivariate model, there was no difference in CAC progression between the groups (group effect p = 0.034; time-effect p = 0.23; interaction p = 0.74). Similar results were obtained when only calcified patients (calcium score > 10AU) were analyzed (group effect p = 0.051; time-effect p = 0.58; interaction p = 0.99). Conclusion: although statins reduce the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, inflammation and improve graft function, the dose adopted in the current study did not delay CAC progression within 12 months of follow up.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosThe frequency of the C9orf72 expansion in a Brazilian population(Elsevier Science Inc, 2018) Cintra, Vivian Pedigone; Bonadia, Luciana Cardoso; Andrade, Helen Maia T.; Albuquerque, Milena de; Eusebio, Mayara Ferreira; Oliveira, Daniel Sabino de; Claudino, Rinaldo; Goncalves, Marcus Vinicius Magno; Teixeira Junior, Antonio Lucio; Prado, Laura de Godoy Rousseff; Souza, Leonardo Cruz de; Dourado Junior, Mario Emilio Teixeira; Oliveira, Acary Souza Bulle [UNIFESP]; Tumas, Vitor; Franca Junior, Marcondes C.; Marques Junior, WilsonG(4)C(2) hexanucleotide repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene seem to be the cause of numerous cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and/or frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In this study, we investigated the presence of the G(4)C(2) repeat expansion in 463 Brazilian probands, of whom 404 had ALS/motor neuron disease and 67 FTD, and in 63 healthy controls in the southeastern region of Brazil. The highest frequencies of the C9orf72 mutation were in the ALS-FTD group (50% of familial and 17.6% of sporadic cases), although it was also present in 5% of pure ALS/motor neuron disease patients (11.8% of familial and 3.6% of sporadic cases) and in 7.1% of pure familial FTD. Among G(4)C(2) repeat mutation carriers, 68.8% of the subjects who developed dementia symptoms were females. This frequency was significantly higher than the percentage reached by men with C9orf72 expansion who had this phenotype (p = 0.047). No abnormal repeat expansion was found in control groups. Inclusion of the C9orf72 genetic test in the molecular panels for Brazilian populations with these neurodegenerative diseases should be strongly considered. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPharmacological modulation of cognitive and behavioral symptoms in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease(Elsevier B.V., 2014-01-15) Oliveira, Fabricio Ferreira de [UNIFESP]; Bertolucci, Paulo Henrique Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Chen, Elizabeth Suchi [UNIFESP]; Smith, Marilia de Arruda Cardoso [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)To evaluate correlations of pharmacological treatment with cognitive and behavioral symptoms in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease with low schooling, subjects were assessed for demographic features, neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognitive decline, functionality, caregiver burden, APOE haplotypes and pharmacological treatment. Among 217 patients, use of cholinesterase inhibitors with or without Memantine was associated with less neuropsychiatric symptoms, while anti-psychotics and/or antiepileptic drugs were associated with lower instrumental functionality. Anti-psychotics were also associated with more neuropsychiatric symptoms in moderately impaired patients, possibly reflecting the greater need for such treatment when behavioral symptoms are present. Patients receiving more medications were usually younger, obese, married, with higher schooling and more neuropsychiatric symptoms. APOE4+ haplotypes were correlated with earlier dementia onset, but not with pharmacological treatment. Higher caregiver burden was associated with more psychotropic drugs. A trend was found for treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors and Memantine to be associated with longer lengths of dementia for moderately impaired but not for severely impaired patients, regardless of APOE haplotypes, translating into a synergistic effect among such medications for slowing cognitive decline but not for prolonging survival. Further longitudinal studies may be required to assess dose-response relationships regarding treatment with psychotropics for patients with dementia. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemEmbargoPotencial de metabólitos secundários fúngicos na prevenção e tratamento de doenças neurodegenerativas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-12-15) Berardinelli, Marcos Vinicius Lourenço [UNIFESP]; Medeiros, Lívia Soman de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7404733691134037Estudos recentes alertam sobre o agravamento nos casos de doenças neurodegenerativas com o aumento da expectativa de vida da população mundial. Devido ao aumento de distúrbios neurológicos como Alzheimer, Parkinson e Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica, a busca por novos tratamentos mostra-se cada vez mais importante. Neste cenário, este trabalho traz à luz o potencial de metabólitos secundários de origem fúngica, em especial do filo Ascomycota, como candidatos na busca de agentes terapêuticos para doenças neurodegenerativas e também com atuação no espectro da neuroproteção. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema, no período de 2010 a 2020, o trabalho discutirá e analisará os produtos naturais de origem fúngica relatados na literatura, mediante a seleção de importantes parâmetros como ação biológica, estrutura química e classificação biossintética. Contudo, a curadoria de dados deste trabalho poderá auxiliar em futuras investigações quanto a implementação de triagens químicas e biológicas mais focadas, com relação a bioprospecção de alvos mais promissores, visando o desenvolvimento de agentes terapêuticos que possam ser empregados no combate às doenças relacionadas ao sistema nervoso humano. Cerca de 115 artigos foram selecionados e, através de processo de triagem e anotação, observou-se um maior número de compostos com mecanismo de ação anti-inflamatório e antioxidante. Resultados mostram que a classe dos policetideos representam 44% de todos os compostos revisados, sendo a classe biossintética de maior representatividade na literatura acessada. Dentre as origens fúngicas, os fungos endofíticos apresentam destaque, representando 51% dos fungos descritos nesta revisão.