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    Análise comparativa do perfil metabólico e funcional das variantes patogênicas G533c, C634y, M918v e M918t no gene Ret associadas à síndrome de neoplasia endócrina múltipla do tipo 2
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2021) Hatanaka, Roxanne [UNIFESP]; Cerutti, Janete Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a tumor that originates from thyroid C cells, which can occur in sporadic or hereditary form. In the hereditary form, MTC is an integral part of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) syndromes. MEN 2 is transmitted by an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern characterized by the presence of CMT (~100%), pheochromocytoma (~50%) and primary hyperparathyroidism (20-30%). The RET gene, located at 10q11.2 locus, is responsible for the predisposition to the development of the MEN 2 syndrome in approximately 98% of MEN 2 families. Due to the strong genotype-phenotype correlation in these syndromes, germline mutations in the RET gene have been used for the genetic screening of individuals at risk of developing MTC or family history of MEN 2. The American Society of Thyroid has developed a guideline (2015) for management of patients with hereditary MTC, being RET mutations classified according to the risk of aggressiveness of MTC, which is progressive. According to the risk (High, higher, or Highest), the age of prophylactic thyroidectomy is suggested. Despite the strong genotype-phenotype correlation in the MEN 2 syndrome, there has been observed an intra and interfamilial phenotypic heterogeneity in the individuals carrying of specific RET mutation. Considering that mutations in the RET gene constitutively activate the MAPK pathway and that different mutations can activate different substrates, generating alteration in cellular metabolism that affect the cellular processes associated with cancer (proliferation, migration, death, survival, stress responses and among others), our hypothesis is that different mutations in the RET gene can generate different metabolites, or even variable amounts of the same metabolite, resulting in the modification of the normal cellular metabolism and, consequently, of the biological behavior of the tumor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic profile of the HEK293 cell line transfected with the RET gene Wild type and with RET G533C, C634Y, M918V and M918T mutations using the LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry) strategy. Additionally, we analyzed the biological and biochemical behavior of pathogenic variants in the RET gene and in control, by in vitro studies The analyzed data suggest that each RET mutation has different levels of metabolites, and its production of ATP and ROS (oxygen reactive species) can be influenced by molecules and indirectly or directly correlated pathways. In addition, differences observed among the RET mutations expand the knowledge about the cellular functioning of these specific cells, in which, when compared to the clinical heterogeneity presented in these carriers, it allows us to investigate other aspects that can assist and / or improve the conduct or treatment for these individuals.