Navegando por Palavras-chave "Mood disorder"

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    Inflamed moods: A review of the interactions between inflammation and mood disorders
    (Elsevier B.V., 2014-08-04) Rosenblat, Joshua D.; Cha, Danielle S.; Mansur, Rodrigo B. [UNIFESP]; McIntyre, Roger S.; Univ Toronto; Univ Western Ontario; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Mood disorders have been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the leading cause of disability worldwide. Notwithstanding the established efficacy of conventional mood agents, many treated individuals continue to remain treatment refractory and/or exhibit clinically significant residual symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, and psychosocial impairment. Therefore, a priority research and clinical agenda is to identify pathophysiological mechanisms subserving mood disorders to improve therapeutic efficacy.During the past decade, inflammation has been revisited as an important etiologic factor of mood disorders. Therefore, the purpose of this synthetic review is threefold: 1) to review the evidence for an association between inflammation and mood disorders, 2) to discuss potential pathophysiologic mechanisms that may explain this association and 3) to present novel therapeutic options currently being investigated that target the inflammatory-mood pathway.Accumulating evidence implicates inflammation as a critical mediator in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Indeed, elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been repeatedly demonstrated in both major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) patients. Further, the induction of a pro-inflammatory state in healthy or medically ill subjects induces 'sickness behavior' resembling depressive symptomatology.Potential mechanisms involved include, but are not limited to, direct effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on monoamine levels, dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, pathologic microglial cell activation, impaired neuroplasticity and structural and functional brain changes.Anti-inflammatory agents, such as acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA), celecoxib, anti-TNF-alpha agents, minocycline, curcumin and omega-3 fatty acids, are being investigated for use in mood disorders. Current evidence shows improved outcomes in mood disorder patients when anti-inflammatory agents are used as an adjunct to conventional therapy; however, further research is needed to establish the therapeutic benefit and appropriate dosage. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Neuropeptidases in psychiatric disorders
    (Elsevier, 2021) Nani, João Victor; Almeida, Priscila G. C.; Hayashi, Mirian [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5559309395232147; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1198445675076270; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2938015553073591
    Psychiatric disorders (PDs), such as schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depression disorder (MDD) are characterized by disturbances in the functioning of the CNS. These mental disorders have attracted the attention of researchers from different areas due to their high prevalence and extremely debilitating clinical characteristics. In spite of the many similarities observed among the PDs, not only in symptoms but also in the etiology as well, there is still a lack of knowledge in the biochemical and/or molecular pathways underlying each of these pathologies, in which better understanding could potentially help improve the diagnosis and possibilities for treatment. Several groups, including ours, have demonstrated that neuropeptidases and neuropeptidergic systems could play a fundamental role for the susceptibility of PDs such as SCZ, due to their involvement in the neurodevelopmental process (and consequent brain formation) and their recent association to disease progression. In this article, we bring an update of the main findings on neuropeptidases, such as Nuclear distribution element like-1 (NDEL1), angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), and prolyl oligopeptidase (POP), with a detailed discussion on how they could be involved in the etiology of PDs. The main findings in the literature regarding alterations in neuropeptidase activity in different biological samples of patients with PDs, as well as in animal models, are presented here in order to draw the attention of general readers to the possibility of targeting this system for the discovery of new targets and/or development of novel therapies and gaining a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying complex diseases such as PDs.