Navegando por Palavras-chave "Microscopy"

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    Avaliação das propriedades físico-químicas de ligas à base de cobre com potencial atividade microbicida
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2024-05-29) Guerini, Guilherme Gonçalves [UNIFESP]; Silva, Ricardo Alexandre Galdino da [UNIFESP]; Vasoncellos, Suzan Pantaroto de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4254240006926714; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6350523822780669; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0006269777203944
    O cobre (Cu) e suas ligas têm atraído a atenção de pesquisadores nos últimos anos devido à sua capacidade microbicida contra diversos microrganismos, possuindo várias aplicações na medicina e como forma de prevenir a propagação de doenças em ambientes de alta circulação humana (hospitais e transporte público). Porém, a utilização do cobre puro é inviável devido aos processos de oxidação e corrosão em diferentes meios que afetam a estética e a vida útil do material. Assim, no intuito de melhorar o comportamento de corrosão sem prejudicar a atividade microbicida, neste estudo foram avaliadas inicialmente seis ligas de CuZnNi e o latão 70/30 para entender suas características físico-químicas em diferentes eletrólitos e sua atividade microbiológica contra bactérias e leveduras de interesse clínico. Para isto, foram realizados testes físico-químicos e eletroquímicos para caracterização das amostras em solução de NaCl 0,5 ϻ e de suor artificial para mimetizar condições desafiadoras e aquelas encontradas no cotidiano. Já para os testes microbiológicos foram realizados ensaios com bactérias e leveduras para avaliar sua capacidade microbicida e de evitar a formação de biofilmes. Tais ensaios conduziram o trabalho à seleção de uma liga que apresentasse a melhor capacidade de resistência à corrosão para a mesma atividade microbicida observada nas demais ligas. Os dados obtidos por difratometria de raios X confirmaram a presença de duas fases ricas em cobre, ambas provenientes do processo de solidificação do material. Além disso, os resultados mostraram que a adição de níquel promoveu um refinamento da microestrutura das ligas. As medidas de potencial de circuito aberto mostraram que o aumento do teor de Ni nas ligas tornam os valores de potenciais mais positivos, sugerindo que os materiais tornam se mais nobres. Os resultados indicaram também que a liga Cu68,85Zn26,36Ni4,69, denominada A5, apresentou o melhor comportamento em relação a resistência à corrosão para um mesmo comportamento microbicida frente as outras ligas estudadas. Assim, a liga Cu68,85Zn26,36Ni4,69 foi selecionada para dar continuidade aos testes com solução de NaCl 0,5 ϻ e suor artificial, em comparação com o cobre puro. Quanto à voltametria cíclica, em suor artificial, observou-se uma inversão na intensidade dos picos de oxidação referentes à formação dos íons Cu+ e Cu2+. A liga apresentou menor potencial de corrosão e maior taxa de corrosão em suor artificial. A espectroscopia por impedância eletroquímica demonstrou uma maior resistência do cobre em ambos os meios e a liga A5 mostrou uma menor resistência à transferência de carga (Rct) para o suor artificial. A espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado mostrou que em suor artificial a liga A5 apresentou maior liberação de íons nos primeiros minutos de imersão. Por fim, pode-se sugerir que as espécies Cu2O, Cu(OH)2, CuCl2, ZnCl2 e Zn(OH)2 são os produtos de corrosão majoritários para os meios analisados. Quanto a atividade microbiológica, a liga A5 foi capaz de inativar os microrganismos testados em menos de 30 min de contato. Além disso, ela apresentou uma capacidade pronunciada de morte celular com uma melhor dispersão de biofilme quando comparada com o aço inoxidável 304 (superfície inerte). Assim, o presente estudo indica que a liga Cu68,85Zn26,36Ni4,69 reuniu as melhores características para se tornar uma alternativa para futuras aplicações nos setores médicos e sanitários.
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    Avaliação de córneas doadoras em lâmpada de fenda e microscopia especular durante o período de armazenamento
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2007-02-01) Farias, Roberta Jansen De Mello [UNIFESP]; Kubokawa, Karen Miyuki; Schirmer, Maurício; Sousa, Luciene Barbosa De [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Banco de Olhos de Sorocaba Setor de Catarata Congênita; Banco de Olhos de Sorocaba setor de retina; Banco de Olhos de Sorocaba
    PURPOSE: To analyze changes evaluation of corneal grafts by slit lamp and electron microscopy examination in order to ensure a donor cornea of good quality level for the patient. METHODS: 203 córneas donated to the Sorocaba Eye Bank between September 2002 and February 2003 were prospectively evaluated. The evaluation was graded from 0 to 3 according to the following factors: exposure and epithelial damage, stromal opacity, Descemet folds, pleomorphism, polymegatism and guttata, endothelial snail track, edema, reflectivity. The data were correlated with time between death and preservation, endothelial cell count and donor's age. RESULTS: 203 corneas were evaluated. The mean age of donors was 55 years (dp= 14.8 years). The mean time between death and preservation was 9.1 h (minimum of 2 h and maximum of 25 h). Eighty-six corneas suffered worsening of evaluation, whereby 66.3% had less than 2,500 endothelial cell count and 59.3% presented time between death and preservation over 6 hours. The mean day of the grading change was the 5th. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal grafts from younger donors had significantly better evaluation than those of older donors. The mean time of the evaluation change was on the 5th day in 50% of the corneas, however, an expressive number of corneas suffered changes on the 6th, 7th and 8th day. Corneal graft preserved after 6 hours of death had a greater tendency to lower cell count and to decrease in evaluation grades.
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    Avaliação de corpos estranhos no segmento anterior com ultrassonografia biomicroscópica
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2012-04-01) Moura, Marília Freitas de [UNIFESP]; Hayashi, Ilka [UNIFESP]; Rocha, Daniel Martins [UNIFESP]; Allemann, Norma [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    INTRODUCTION: Ocular trauma is considered a health care problem because is an important cause for visual impairment. Intraocular foreign bodies are related to activities involving usage of metallic objects, but other materials can be present in the eye and have to be diagnosed and localized. Ultrasound biomicroscopy is an adequate subsidiary tool to evaluate an anterior chamber intraocular foreign body. PURPOSE: To characterize nature, localization, dimensions of foreign bodies and associated lesions to the anterior segment using ultrasound biomicroscopy. METHODS: Retrospective clinical study of 7,182 patient's charts submitted to ultrasound biomicroscopy examination between 1999 and 2008, totalizing 59 eyes suspected of anterior segment foreign body. RESULTS: Five cases presented two foreign bodies, fragments from the same nature, in different locations or not; and three cases had uncountable fragments in the anterior segment. Concerning localization: cornea, 11 (26%); conjunctiva, 10 (23%); iris, 10 (23%); lens, 9 (21%); sclera, 5 (12%); corneal angle, 5 (12%); ciliary body, 3 (7%). Among the associated lesions, it was identified: corneal perforation in 12 cases, corneal laceration in 2 cases, anterior synechia in 6 cases, traumatic aniridia 1 case, traumatic iridotomy in 3 cases, anterior chamber reaction in 10 cases and rupture of the anterior lens capsule in 4 cases. Considering composition: metallic, 21 (50%); non metallic, 20 were glass (48%) and 1 was vegetal (2%). The size of foreign bodies varied from 0.09 to 2.45 mm (average: 0.84 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound biomicroscopy is useful to localize foreign bodies in the anterior segment. This imaging method can give orientation about composition, path, and localization of foreign bodies and associated lesions, thus facilitating therapeutic planning prior to intervention, avoiding additional lesions to the eye.
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    Avaliação morfológica da aorta em modelo knockout mgΔ LoxPneo na linhagem 129/Sv da síndrome de Marfan
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-06-30) Souza, Rodrigo Barbosa de [UNIFESP]; Alonso, Luis Garcia [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2101345650666445; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8068479692535716; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Marfan syndrome (MPS) is a dominant autosomal disease with gene mutations encoding fibrillin-1 protein, a constituent of elastic fibers systems widely distributed in the extracellular matrix, thus promoting skeletal ocular and vascular disorders. Vascular alterations have been associated with SMF mortality, however the pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated requiring the need for research with animal models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vascular phenotype in mg?LoxPneo 129 / Sv model. Method: 29 female mice were evaluated: 24 affected and five normal. Six month old animals were submitted to the study of the thoracic aorta concerning to morphology, qualitative and quantitative vascular phenotypes and serum TGF?1. The 6 fragments of the thoracic aorta between the TI-TVIII segments were fixed in glutaraldehyde 2.5% and buffered, and then were evaluated by light microscopy (5 fragments included in historesin Technovit 7100® and stained by techniques: Toluidine Blue borated 1% ; hematoxylin and eosin, Resorcinol-Fuchsin Weigert, Sirius Red, and osmic acid to fat) and by transmission electronic microscopy (01 segment included in Spurr® resin). The images were evaluated in Carl-Zeiss Axio Scope A1® and PHILIPS IN 208S® operated at 80 kV coupled to Axiovision 4.8® software, respectively. Result: Animals with SMF showed marked thoracic lordosis in TI-TVIII segment associated with deformities of the thoracic aorta. In SMF group, 18/24 animals showed vascular diseases (15 aneurysm, 6 classic dissection, 1 aortic ulcer and intramural hematoma 1) and 5/18 with multiple aneurysms and 6/18 with multiple vascular diseases. In addition, 100% of the SMF animals showed the fragility of the tunica adventitia, collagen type III in the classic dissections and fragmented collagen fibers in aneurysms. In 95% of SMF animals was observed endothelium cells vacuolization and also in the tunica media, which by osmic acid technique for fat showed that the vacuoles of the tunica media were of lipids. Conclusion: The model mg?LoxPneo 129 / Sv showed similar vascular alterations seen in the clinical SMF, suggesting a suitable experimental model for the study of SMF.
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    Avaliação morfológica de diferentes técnicas de desepitelização da membrana amniótica humana
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2007-06-01) Melo, Gustavo Barreto de [UNIFESP]; Gomes, José Álvaro Pereira [UNIFESP]; Glória, Maria Aparecida da [UNIFESP]; Martins, Maria Cristina [UNIFESP]; Freymüller-Haapalainen, Edna [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the morphological features of the amniotic membrane denuded by different techniques. METHODS: Human amniotic membrane was collected at the time of delivery, fixed in increasing concentrations of glycerol (0-50% in DMEM) and preserved at -80ºC until the time of use. The study consisted of 4 groups: intact epithelium (control) and denuded by trypsin (2 mg/mL at 1:250), dispase (1.2 U/mL in Mg2+ and Ca2+ free Hank's balanced salt solution) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 0.02%. Specimens were submitted to electron (scanning and transmission) microscopy analysis. RESULTS: Scanning electron microscopy disclosed intact epithelium in the control group and its absence in the amniotic membranes denuded by trypsin and dispase. In those denuded by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid there were areas with and without epithelium. When assessed by transmission electron microscopy, the epithelium was intact and firmly adhered to the basement membrane by hemidesmossomes in controls and in parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid group. There were only collagen fibers in the dispase- and trypsin-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Trypsin and dispase treatment of the amniotic membrane may cause complete denuding of the epithelium and basement membrane whereas ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid may leave some intact epithelium-areas and partially destroy the basement membrane in others.
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    Biomicroscopia ultra-sônica em esclerectomia profunda: relato de caso
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2008-06-01) Villas-bôas, Flávia; Allemann, Norma [UNIFESP]; Morales, Maira Saad Avila; Omi, Carlos Akira [UNIFESP]; Instituto Brasileiro de Oftalmologia e Prevenção à Cegueira; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    Case report of a woman with the diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma who was submitted to a successful surgical procedure of deep sclerectomy in the right eye. In the postoperative period, at month 3, the surgical procedure was evaluated with ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) utilizing two distinct equipments (UBM 840-Zeiss; UBM-VUMAX-Sonomed), with 50-MHz transducers. The diagnostic method of ultrasound biomicroscopy can be utilized as a non invasive method to evaluate the internal architecture of the eye at the topography of deep sclerectomy. It allows to identify the anterior segment structures, their anatomical relationship, and also the intact trabecular-Descemet membrane and the intrascleral space. Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed to be useful in evaluating postoperative status of the surgical procedure.
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    Comparação da eficiência do laser de diodo 980 nm versus glicose a 75% na oclusão de veias da orelha de coelhos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-09-29) Lima, Paulo Roberto da Silva [UNIFESP]; Baptista-Silva, José Carlos Costa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Contexto. Por ser o laser um método novo no tratamento das varizes, há muitos mitos e dúvidas com relação à sua eficácia; veio a necessidade de compará-lo às substâncias esclerosantes mais utilizadas em nosso meio. Assim, é relevante responder a pergunta de pesquisa: qual a eficiência do laser de diodo 980 nm em comparação à glicose 75% na oclusão de veias em orelha de coelho? Objetivo. Comparar a eficiência do laser de diodo 980 nm à glicose 75% na oclusão de veias em orelha de coelho. A hipótese é que o laser de diodo 980 nm tenha uma eficiência de 30% em relação à glicose 75%. Tipo de estudo. Ensaio aleatório em animais de laboratório por 21 dias. Local. Biotério do Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica (LTF) do Campus I da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa – PB. Amostra. Orelhas de coelhos machos. Procedimentos. Grupo L (LASER): 15 orelhas tratadas com laser e grupo G (glicose 75%): 15 orelhas tratadas com glicose 75%. Variáveis. Primárias: veias esclerosadas e/ou ocluídas. Secundárias: segurança. Complementares: volume da substância administrada, calibre e tamanho do vaso, peso e idade do coelho. Método estatístico. O tamanho da amostra foi estimado em 30 orelhas com base na literatura e para respeitar as normas da COBEA. A análise estatística será realizada com o teste exato de Fisher associado ao Risco Relativo (RR) e calculando o intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95% para cada ponto estimado Resultados. Característica da amostra. Congestão vascular no grupo G foi 87% (13/15, IC 95% 60 a 98) e no grupo L de 67% (10/15, IC 95% 38 a 88) com P = 0,3898 e RR de 1,30 (IC 95% 0,86 a 1,96). Hiperplasia intimal no grupo G foi 13% (2/15, IC 95% 2 a 40); e no grupo L 7% (1/14, IC 95% 0 a 32) com P = 1 e RR de 2,00 (IC 95% 0,20 a 19,79). Variáveis. A incidência de esclerose ou oclusão venosa foi no grupo G foi de 53% (8/15, IC 95% 27 a 79) e no grupo L 20% (3/15, IC 95% 4 a 49) com de P bicaudal foi de 0,1281, seu RR (risco relativo) usando a aproximação de Katz foi igual a 2,66 IC 95% 0,87 a 8,15 Conclusão. A eficiência do laser de diodo 980 nm em comparação à glicose 75% na oclusão de veias é a mesma.
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    Corneal specular microscopy in infectious and noninfectious uveitis
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2009-08-01) Oliveira, Filipe de [UNIFESP]; Motta, Ana Carolina de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Muccioli, Cristina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: Involvement of the cornea endothelium during uveitis has not been extensively studied even though it might participate in or constitute a target of ocular inflammation. Formation of keratic precipitates (KP) is a characteristic finding in several forms of uveitis. The aim of this prospective study was to examine the vicinity of keratic precipitates in infectious and noninfectious uveitis by specular microscopy. METHODS: Patients with infectious and noninfectious uveitis in any activity level and presence of keratic precipitates were enrolled. The mean age was 40.5 years (± 14.2 years). A Topcon SP-2000P noncontact specular microscope was used to capture endothelial images in the vicinity of keratic precipitates. Automated morphometric analysis was done for cell size, cell density and cells coefficient of variation. Statistical comparisons were made between the infectious and noninfectious groups. RESULTS: From the 25 patients enrolled in this study, 16 (44%) eyes presented infectious uveitis, 19 (53%) noninfectious uveitis and 1 (3%) eye was excluded due to the impossibility to obtain a specular image. The mean cell density estimated was 2,628 ± 204 cells/mm² in infectious group and 2,622 ± 357 cells/mm² in noninfectious group. The mean cellular area in infectious and noninfectious group was respectively 385 ± 31 µm² and 390 ± 60 µm². The coefficient of variation (%) of the cellular area in the vicinity of keratic precipitates was 26.36 ±3.44 in infectious and 27.69 ± 4.61 in noninfectious group. The differences between the groups were not statistically significant (P<0.005 / Mann-Whitney test) for the three morphologic variables. CONCLUSION: The clinical applicability of specular microscopy in patients with uveitis can be an useful tool to evaluate the corneal endothelium in the presence of keratic precipitates, however the handicap of the specular image formation might not be discarded in some cases. The differences found were not clinically meaningful between the infectious and noninfectious groups, however the uveitis in various degrees of intraocular inflammation and the relatively small number of patients in each clinical category of this study, indicates that further studies can be required to evaluate better the morphology of the endothelium.
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    O emprego da biomicroscopia ultra-sônica no diagnóstico e evolução clínica dos diferentes tipos de esclerite anterior
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2001-06-01) Sternlicht, Telma [UNIFESP]; Allemann, Norma [UNIFESP]; Muccioli, Cristina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purpose: To correlate findings on ultrasound biomicroscopy with types of anterior scleritis. Methods: Six patients with clinical findings of anterior scleritis were examined by ultrasound biomicroscopy (50 MHz transducer), performed at the Ocular Ultrasound Section of Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) - Escola Paulista de Medicina for elucidation of histopathological alterations in anterior scleritis. Results: Patients with nodular scleritis had well-limited lesions, with homogeneously low reflectivity and localized increased thickness with lower reflectivity of adjacent tissues. Patients with diffuse scleritis had an heterogeneous increased thickness with heterogeneous reflectivity (a mottled appearance). Patients with necrotizing scleritis presented loss of tissue with scleral thinning and inflammatory adjacent vitreous changes. Conclusions: Ultrasound biomicroscopy is an excellent noninvasive method in identifying involved ocular tissues in anterior scleritis, helping the ophthalmologist in his/her diagnosis and treatment.
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    Estudo do endotélio corneano em cirurgias de cataratas duras: extração extracapsular planejada da catarata e facoemulsificação
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2006-08-01) Stumpf, Simone [UNIFESP]; Nosé, Walton [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Metropolitana de Santos Departamento de Oftalmologia; Eye Clinic Day Hospital
    PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the endothelial damage after planned extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification of very hard cataracts. METHODS: In this prospective, randomized study, 41 patients with age-related and very hard cataract were divided into two groups: in group 1 (21 patients) an extracapsular cataract extraction was performed and in group 2 (20 patients), phacoemulsification. In both groups, intraocular lenses were implanted in the capsular bag. Preoperatively and 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively, a complete ophthalmological examination, endothelial specular microscopy, and ultrasonic pachymetry were done. Endothelial cell loss, pleomorphism, polymegathism and corneal thickness were studied. RESULTS: Both groups presented an endothelial cell loss in the postoperative time, as compared with the preoperative values, but there were no significant differences among the postoperative values (1, 3 and 6 months). Six months after surgery, mean cell loss was 28.50% in group 1 and 34.77% in group 2. There were no differences among the indexes of pachymetry, polymegathism and pleomorphism between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Endothelial response was not statistically different between the two studied groups.
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    Hypertonic glucose solution 10% - 25% on the mesenterium and peritoneum of the rat: macroscopic and microscopic study
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2005-12-01) Carvalho, José Cícero Ferreira De; Leal, Antenor Teixeira; Sousa, Luis Ferreira De; Herani Filho, Benedito [UNIFESP]; UNCISAL Department; UFAL Morphology Department and Human Anatomy; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: The objective of the experimental study is to detect the macroscopic and microscopic alterations of the mesenterium and parietal peritoneum when hypertonic glucose aqueous solution 10%-25% is administrated into the peritoneal cavity of the rat. METHODS: 90 Wistar females young rats adults were used weighin between 180-250 g, numbered 1 to 90, establishing unique group and divided in three groups (A, B, C) of 30 animals chosen aleatory manner. 0,9% saline solution was used called control group, or group A, 10% glucose solution named group B, and in the others 30 was used 25% glucose solution named group C, differing in the observation period, (06h, 24h and 48h), but with the same procedure. A midline abdominal wall laparotomy was made and in the animals of the control group was injected 2 ml of a 0,9% saline solution into the peritoneal cavity. After, we made a suture in mass without to include the peritoneum. For the others groups (B, C) the rats received 10% glucose solution and 25% glucose solution injected into the peritoneal cavity respectively. All groups were kept under observation and the results were submitted to statistical analysis by a longitudinal and transversal comparative study. RESULTS: A new surgery was done in 6h, 24h and 48h, and we observed in macroscopic evaluation, the presence of fluid, serous uniforme and rosy all over the cavity. Vascular congestion was present. We dried out 90 fragments of mesenterium and 90 fragments of parietal peritonium bilateral. In the microscopic study, necrosis was not present. For the mesenterium histological study we observed 16 cases (17,8%) unspecific chronic inflammation, 30 cases (33,4%) hiperplasic linfonod, 10 cases (11,1%) high vascular congestion, 6 cases (6,6%) reaction fibrosis and 28 cases (31,1%) no alteration. For the parietal peritonium histological study we observed 6 cases (3,3%) reaction fibrosis and 174 cases (96,7%) no alteration. Giant cell was not present. In the statistical analisys statistic there is no significance between the groups (p>0,05). CONCLUSION: Hypertonic glucose solution and NaCl 0,9% on the mesenterium and parietal peritonium do not produce tissue necrosis in a rat and the inflammation process has the same intensity.
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    Microscopia confocal reflectante a laser na avaliação da resposta terapêutica da ceratose actínica com 5-fluorouracila tópica a 5%: estudo comparativo com o exame anatomopatológico
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-10-25) Ishioka, Priscila [UNIFESP]; Hirata, Sergio Henrique [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Marcus Antonio Maia de Olivas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2145986062185182; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2040826097718565; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4667837268289413; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: Histological examination is the gold standard for actinic keratosis diagnosis; however, it is not always a feasible approach. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a noninvasive technique that may be an alternative for monitoring actinic keratoses treatment response. Topical 5fluorouracil is indicated for actinic keratosis multiple lesions and for field cancerization treatment. Objectives: To assess the RCM accuracy, sensibility and specificity for actinic keratosis, considering as a goldstandard the histopathological examination; as well as to evaluate the efficacy of 5% 5fluorouracil treatment. Methods: This is a prospective study in actinic keratosis patients between August, 2014 and November, 2015. RCM analyses were performed in one randomly selected actinic keratosis lesion of the upper limbs by two independent observers before and after 5% 5fluorouracil treatment. At the end of treatment and with clinical bleaching of treated lesions, histological examination was performed by two pathologists. Results: A total of 50 lesions were enrolled, and 40 lesions presented complete clinical bleaching after treatment and were included in the final analysis. Accuracy, sensibility and specificity means among observers were 83.8%, 84.6% and 83.3%, respectively. After 5fluorouracil treatment, actinic keratosis was diagnosed in 45.0% (observer 1) and 32.5% (observer 2) of subjects according to RCM and in 32.5% of subjects according to histological examination. Considering RCM observers diagnosis, the concordance was substantial (k 0,637, p<0,001). 5fluorouracil led to a reduction in 55.0%67.5% of actinic keratoses according to RCM analysis. Conclusion: This study allows to validate of RCM as a noninvasive method capable of monitoring actinic keratosis therapeutic response to 5fluorouracil, presenting efficacy comparable to histological examination. Additionally, the results suggest that 5fluorouracil may be a satisfactory option for therapeutic control of this condition.
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    Padrões dermatoscópicos do molusco contagioso: estudo de 211 lesões confirmadas por exame histopatológico
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia, 2011-02-01) Ianhez, Mayra; Cestari, Silmara da Costa Pereira [UNIFESP]; Enokihara, Mauro Yoshiaki; Seize, Maria Bandeira de Melo Paiva [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Goiás Ambulatório de Dermatologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    BACKGROUNDS: Although easily diagnosed, molluscum contagiosum may present as a single lesion or as several small, inflamed lesions of difficult diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To describe the dermoscopic characteristics of molluscum contagiosum and to compare the findings from clinical examination and dermoscopy. METHODS: Histopathologically confirmed lesions were evaluated clinically and dermoscopically in 57 patients. RESULTS: At clinical examination and dermoscopy of 211 lesions, orifices were visualized in 50.24% and 96.68% of the lesions, and vessels in 6.16% and 89.10%, respectively. The vascular patterns found in the 188 lesions in which vessels were found at dermoscopy were the crown (72.34%), radial (54.25%) and punctiform patterns (20.21%). Half of the 188 lesions had a combination of vascular patterns, with the flower pattern (a new vascular pattern) being found in 19.68% of cases. More orifices and vessels were identified at dermoscopy than at clinical examination, including cases with inflammation or perilesional eczema and small lesions. Punctiform vessels were associated with inflammation, excoriation and perilesional eczema. CONCLUSIONS: Dermoscopy performed on molluscum contagiosum lesions proved superior to dermatological examination even in cases in which clinical diagnosis was difficult. The presence of orifices, vessels and specific vascular patterns aids diagnosis, including differential diagnosis with other types of skin lesion.
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    Solubilização de membranas modelo de diferentes composições pelo detergente triton X-100
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-03-29) Mattei, Bruno [UNIFESP]; Riske, Karin do Amaral [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9178927522709552; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4260343698344529; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Detergents are amphiphilic molecules widely used as solubilizing agents Biological membranes. However, biological membranes treated with detergents Ac-ese insoluble fragments rich in sphingolipids and cholesterol. Due to similarities of These features have been associated with lipid rafts and the liquid phase The. Here the study of the physical-chemical aspects that govern the process of UUilllCATiOn of membrane mimetic models: lipid vesicles of controlled composition Pure or mixtures, mainly POPC, SM and cholesterol). Many different Techniques were used to study the solubilization process of lipid vesicles by Detergent TX-100, one of the most used detergents in Biological membranes. The general phenomenon and the size of the structures formed during the Solubilization was obtained by turbidity, static and / or dynamic light scattering; The aspects Thermodynamic properties of the detergent-lipid interaction were investigated by titration calorimetry And the possible interference of the detergent in the phase transition of lipids was investigated Differential scanning calorimetry; The ability of detergents to permeabilize the The membrane was investigated by kinetics of leakage of a fluorescent probe and microscopy Confocal; The process of solubilization of giant vesicles was evaluated by optical microscopy of Phase contrast and fluorescence. In the work, different lipid compositions were investigated (Pure phospholipids, binary lipid mixtures and ternary lipid mixtures) in order to obtain Information on the factors that influence the obtaining of insoluble membrane fragments. Through the experiments it was possible to conclude that pure cell membranes (POPC and SM), reaching the liquid-disordered phase and gel are totally soluble to the action of Detergent, whereas the addition of cholesterol, inducing a higher degree of Lipids leads to conditions in which the membranes are partially or totally insoluble; The factor of Insolubility is conditioned to cholesterol concentration in vesicles with binary mixtures Of lipids, reaching total insolubility in situations in which the membrane tends or reaches the Liquid-ordered phase; This is also reflected in the detergent affinity constant for these Membranes. In addition, vesicles in the gel phase are solubilized with lower concentrations of TX-100 than vesicles in the liquid-disordered phase, possibly due to the lower Ability of the membrane to accommodate detergents; Added to this, the addition of detergent Also appears to induce a phase transition in vesicles in the gel phase and a coexistence of Fluid phases in POPC: cholesterol vesicles. In ternary lipid mixtures, the situations in Higher solubility resistance is observed in regions with Greater fraction of SM and cotesterol. Finally, the membranes become permeable in TX-100 / lipid molars lower than the solubilization process, showing that even before To reach the bi-co-existent phase of the membrane, the detergent already changes the membrane structure.
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    The use of light microscopy in a study of extraneous matter and authenticity of guava, strawberry and grape jams
    (Elsevier B.V., 2004-09-01) Morais, Tania Beninga de [UNIFESP]; Diegues, Ana Cristina Borges [UNIFESP]; Sigulem, Dirce Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Samples of guava, strawberry and grape jams were analyzed to determine the presence of filth and mold filaments, and to test their authenticity. Eighty percent of the samples (36/45) presented at least one extraneous material. According to the type of fruit, in 100.0% (15/15), 73.3% (11/15) and 66.7% (10115) of the samples of guava, strawberry and grape jams, respectively, at least one extraneous material was found. the extraneous materials found were mold filaments, insect fragments, mites, non-edible plant parts (leaves and stems), maggots, a whole insect, a nylon thread, a piece of plastic material, and a metallic particle. No foreign plant tissue was found in any sample when compared to authentic fruit tissues. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Utilização da microscopia confocal para determinação de superóxido mediante estímulo com luteolina em células endoteliais
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2019-11-01) Cruz, Yan Milen Coelho [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Liliam [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2515147908021339; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0855402909928836
    Introdução: O estresse oxidativo endotelial afeta todo o sistema circulatório, sendo marcado por diversos agentes reativos denominados espécies reativas de oxigênio. A luteolina é um flavonóide com efeito antioxidante, mas seus efeitos sobre as células endoteliais são pouco conhecidos. O presente trabalho utilizou a sonda dihidroetidina (DHE) em microscopia confocal para investigar a geração de superóxido (O2•-) em células endoteliais de ratos. Foram analisados os efeitos de luteolina isolada ou em associação à Angiotensina II (Ang II), um peptídeo hipertensor relacionado ao estresse oxidativo vascular. Métodos: Células endoteliais cultivadas da veia cava de rato foram previamente plaqueadas em lamínulas, pré-tratadas com a sonda fluorescente DHE [10 μM] por 30 minutos e expostas à luteolina [10, 20 e 50 μM] por 10 minutos, em presença ou ausência de Ang II [1μM]. Controles positivo e negativo foram feitos pelo tratamento das células com meio de cultura contendo alto nível de glicose (HG, 25 mM) ou tempol (300 μM), respectivamente. As células foram fixadas e as lamínulas foram analisadas em um microscópio confocal. Os comprimentos de onda utilizados foram 490 nm excitação e 590 nm emissão, e as configurações do sistema de aquisição de imagem se mantiveram padronizadas para todas as capturas. A intensidade da fluorescência foi quantificada célula a célula por densitometria, empregando-se ferramentas do software ImageJ para delimitação automática do contorno celular individualmente. Resultados: As imagens obtidas no microscópio confocal apresentaram alto grau de qualidade e foram analisadas com sucesso. A identificação do estresse oxidativo através da sonda DHE foi comprovada nas células incubadas com meio HG. Houve redução significativa da geração de O2•- após os tratamentos com luteolina 10 μM, 20 μM e 50 μM isolada e em associação com Ang II 1 μM em comparação às células não tratadas. (* P < .05) Conclusão: O ensaio de microscopia confocal mostrou que a luteolina reduz a geração de O2•- pelas células endoteliais em relação ao basal e na presença de Ang II. Esses resultados sugerem que o efeito antioxidante da luteolina no endotélio deve ser mais profundamente avaliado para melhor compreensão dos mecanismos de interação com Ang II. Esses dados também mostram consistência na metodologia empregada para utilização da sonda DHE como ferramenta para quantificação relativa de O2•- em culturas celulares.
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    Vitrectomia transconjuntival: dados preliminares com o sistema Millennium TSV-25
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2005-12-01) Rezende Filho, Flávio [UNIFESP]; Alcântara, Simone; Régis, Luiz Gustavo Tonelli; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados
    PURPOSE: To report the preliminary surgical results of pars plana vitrectomy with a transconjunctival technique using the TSV-25 Millennium system. METHODS: Twenty consecutive patients (20 eyes) that underwent transconjunctival vitrectomy with the TSV-25 Millennium system, between July 2003 and January 2004, were prospectively postoperatively followed for a minimum period of one month. Eyes with macular hole, epiretinal membrane, macular edema, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, and vitreous hemorrhage with or without tractional retinal detachment were included. Intra and post-operative complications and difficulties were recorded. RESULTS: All 20 patients completed at least one month postoperative follow-up. There were 4 macular holes, 2 epiretinal membranes, 2 cystoid macular edemas post-cataract surgery, 1 diabetic macular edema, 5 rhegmatogenous retinal detachments, 5 vitreous hemorrhages (2 associated with tractional retinal detachment), and 1 endophthalmitis. Mean postoperative day one intraocular pressure was 15.7 mmHg (6 - 46 mmHg) and at one postoperative month it was 14.2 mmHg (8 - 22 mmHg). There were no cases of sclerotomy-related retinal breaks, postoperative endophthalmitis, or ocular hypotony. Three of 5 eyes (60%) with retinal detachment needed further surgical intervention (all pseudophakic) and 4 of 5 eyes (80%) with vitreous hemorrhage had postoperative residual hemorrhage. All cases with macular diseases and phakic retinal detachments were successful with one surgery. CONCLUSION: This transconjunctival vitrectomy technique showed as its main benefits the low incidence of sclerotomy-related breaks and postoperative ocular hypertension. An adequate case selection seems to be crucial.