Navegando por Palavras-chave "Leptina"
Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 48
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemSomente MetadadadosAlteracoes metabolicas em figados de camundongos knockout para o receptor B1 de cininas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010) Fonseca, Raphael Gomes [UNIFESP]
- ItemSomente MetadadadosÂngulo de fase, leptina e grelina em pacientes com câncer gástrico e colorretal(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011) Barao, Katia [UNIFESP]; Forones, Nora Manoukian [UNIFESP]
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Asma e obesidade: determinação de um perfil inflamatório e funcional em mulheres obesas asmáticas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-04-25) Rosa, Gilvandro De Almeida [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Ana Luisa Godoy [UNIFESP]; Araújo, Leila [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0379775988338724; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204795300182038; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Asthma and obesity are two chronic diseases, difficult to manage and of high and increasing prevalence in several countries of all continents; in Brazil the two diseases are a serious health problem, causing high costs for public health. About two decades ago, some studies have shown a higher prevalence of asthma among obese, especially among obese women. Some affirm that the fact is due to the particular physical-structural alterations of the obese ones, leading to the collapse of the bronchi, leading to the bronchial hyper-reactivity. Others, however, suggest that adipose tissue has been described in the last twenty years as an endocrine tissue, demonstrating the production of lipidectin (adipokine and adipoctin), as well as other inflammatory mediators, including various types of interleukins and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF). This excess of inflammatory mediators, in the obese, would play an important role in the chronic inflammatory process in the obese, in which one of the target organs would be the lung. Method: Our work studied 73 obese women (51 asthmatic obese and 22 non-asthmatic obese women), who underwent clinical interviews - Application of the ACQ questionnaires from the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) and the International Study for Asthma and Athopy in Chilhoold (ISAAC), spirometry, methacholine bronchial provocation test, blood collection for laboratory tests, and for dosage of inflammatory mediators, aeroallergens (prick-test) skin test, nasal swab cytology and induced sputum. Objective: to determine the functional and inflammatory profile of asthma in obesity. Results: Groups were demographically similar (age, BMI and past smoking). However, completely different in the cytology of nasal swab and induced sputum, prick test, total serum IgE, spirometric values and bronchial provocation test with methacholine. At the dosages of leptin that was four times higher in the asthmatic obese group. Conclusion: We conclude that obese asthmatic follows the Th2 inflammatory pattern with high IgE; however, hyperlipectinemia may interfere with the inflammatory process. The phenotype of bronchial asthma in obese individuals would be represented predominantly by a Th2 response, with production of high levels of serum leptin, which may exacerbate or induce this inflammatory response.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação de hormônios gastrointestinais e leptina em pacientes com e sem reganho do peso após cinco anos da gastroplastia em y de roux(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-11-28) Saboya Sobrinho, Carlos Jose [UNIFESP]; Lopes Filho, Gaspar De Jesus [UNIFESP]; Arasaki, Carlos Haruo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8299360555227115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3518607824692081; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7034900883648145; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the role of gastrointestinal hormones – GHRELIN, peptide YY 3-36 (PYY 3-36), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) - and LEPTIN in patients with and without weight regain undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass after five years of the surgical procedure. METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional study, where 72 individuals divided into 3 paired groups: Group WR (WITH WEIGHT REGAIN): 24 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with weight regain; Group WWR (WITHOUT WEIGHT REGAIN): 24 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass without weight regain and Group NO-OP (NON-OPERATED OBESE): 24 obese patients who are candidates for bariatric surgery. Patients with weight regain, defined as the increase of 5kg/m2 in BMI, taking as reference the minimum BMI reached during the postoperative period and the current BMI. The overall patients underwent clinical, biochemical, anthropometric and endoscopic evaluation. Hormone evaluation was performed in four settings – fasting, 30, 60 and 120 minutes - after standard meal intake, considering that the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones is affected by nutrient intake. RESULTS: For GLP-1, GLP-2 and PYY, values in the control group (NO-OP) did not change significantly. In the WR and WWR there was a sharp elevation at 30 minutes followed by a decrease at 60 and 120 minutes, ending with mean values still higher than baseline. Variations in ghrelin were not considered statistically significant. For GIP, the three groups showed similar behavior, with an increase at 30 minutes and a decrease at 60 and 120 minutes; however, in the overall evaluation (baseline period up to 120min), the WWR was the group in which GIP reached its lowest variation compared to baseline, and a statistical difference was found compared to the NO-OP and the WR groups. For leptin, the RW was similar to control, while the WWR showed significantly lower mean values. CONCLUSIONS: Non-operated obese individuals showed a postprandial secretion profile of PYY, GLP-1 and GLP-2, distinct from patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. In patients with weight regain, leptin concentrations were significantly higher when compared to patients without weight regain, thus suggesting a probable resistance to the action of this hormone. Patients without weight regain showed less variation in GIP, which implies a possible relation to the restoration of the secretory process after glucose control. GLP-1, GLP-2, PYY and GHRELIN showed no correlation with weight regain. Further studies should be conducted to better identify the mechanisms responsible for the findings reported by the current investigation, as well as clarifications on other conditions induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação do papel da obesidade e de adipocinas como fatores de risco de Tromboembolismo Venoso: um estudo de casocontrole(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-03-18) Pinheiro, Patricia Nunes Bezerra [UNIFESP]; Morelli, Vania Maris [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9067828314933870; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9966532300024573; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: The venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent disease related to a relevant morbimortality. The association between obesity and VTE is particularly important due the increased prevalence of obesity in the world. The mechanism that obesity increases the risk of VTE is multifactorial, related probably to the venous stasis, low grade of inflammation, hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis. Altering the levels of some adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin, may be relevant in the mechanism of VTE, as they are able to influence hemostasis. Studies exploring the role of adipokines in the thrombotic risk may contribute to a better understanding of pathophysiology of VTE in obesity. Purpose: To investigate the effect of anthropometric measurements of obesity (body mass index – BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and hip waist ratio) and the levels of leptin and adiponectin in the risk of VTE. In patients and controls, the relationship between obesity measures and leptin and adiponectin levels, and the correlation of levels of these adipokines with several factors of hemostasis, adhesion molecules and Creactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. Methods: We conducted a case-control study with 85 patients, aged 18-60 years, with a single event of VTE and 120 controls. Patients and controls were matched according to sex and age (± 5 years). Results: The obesity measures were associated with VTE risk, even after the adjusting for potential confounding factors (age, sex, ethnicity, schooling and estrogen use). For example, the BMI ≥30 kg/m2 increased the risk of VTE (Odds ratio 2.33; CI 95% 1.08- 5.01) by approximately 2.5 times the reference (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2). There was no association between leptin or adiponectin levels and thrombotic risk when evaluated as tertiles or continuous variables. Obesity measures positively associated with the leptin levels and negatively with the adiponectin levels in patients and controls. The correlations were weak or absent between levels of adipokines and levels of factors of hemostasis, adhesion molecules and CRP. Conclusions: As expected, obesity was associated with an increased risk of VTE. There was no contribution of leptin or adiponectin levels to the risk of VTE. However, the present results may be used as a source for prospective studies, with larger sample size, and aimed to elucidate the role of adipokines in the risk of VTE.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosAvaliação por microdiálise cerebral do efeito da leptina sobre o sistema serotonérgico hipotalâmico em ratos normais(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2001) Telles, Monica Marques [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Eliane Beraldi [UNIFESP]
- ItemSomente MetadadadosBalanço energético e inflamação na obesidade: efeito do tratamento interdisciplinar(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-03-22) Sanches, Ricardo Badan [UNIFESP]; Caranti, Danielle Arisa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with an impairment in the regulation of energy balance. Energetic homeostasis control is regulated in the brain regulated through a microcircuit of neurons that release neuropeptides with direct influence on energy consumption and energy expenditure. Leptin is a key hormone in the regulation of this complex system. Aim: To analyze the relationship between energy balance, inflammatory profile and neuroendocrine control of energy balance of obese subjects submitted to an interdisciplinary intervention program. Methods: Fifty (50) volunteers completed interdisciplinary therapy lasting thirty-two (32) weeks, involving physical exercise, physiotherapy, nutritional and psychological sessions. Before and after treatment, clinical, anthropometric, cardiorespiratory, metabolic and biochemical analyzes were performed to determine the effect of therapy and associations between variables. The collected data were analyzed with statistical tests adequate to the objectives, establishing significance value of p <0.05. Results: After 32 weeks of treatment, several improvements were observed in the reduction of % body fat (43.0 ± 7.0 vs 38.5 ± 7.2, p <0.001), abdominal circumference (107.5 ± 8.5 vs 101 , total cholesterol (156.8 ± 49.5 vs 129.9 ± 37.6, p = 0.004), leptin (88.8 ± 51.0 vs 65.5 ± 34.0; p=0.001), food intake (1806 ± 625 vs 1456 ± 416, p = 0.001) absolute VO2 (2.19 ± 0.55 vs 2.54 ± 0.56, p <0.001) and α-MSH (0.70 ± 0.33 vs. 0.85 ± 0.29, p = 0.020). In article 1, leptin levels were inversely correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness (r = -0.382, p = 0.001) and REE (r = -0.447, p <0.001). In addition, hyperleptinemia status was considered an independent predictor of cardiorespiratory fitness (r² = -2.335, p = 0.023) and REE (r² = -2.649, p = 0.010). In article 2, which were divided the groups by the magnitude of weight loss, it was verified that for the anthropometric measurements the Moderate group and the Massive weight loss group were more efficient compared to the group Low weight loss. For the variables related to the metabolic profile, REE and cardiorespiratory fitness, the groups showed similar responses and in relation to the inflammatory parameters, the Massive weight loss group obtained additional benefits. In addition, it was found that α-MSH levels in the Low weight loss group was statistically higher than in the Massive weight loss group (p <0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that longterm interdisciplinary therapy is a good strategy for the treatment of obesity, since several improvements in health parameters were verified after therapy. With the cross-sectional results, presented in article 1, we proposed a vicious cycle between the hyperleptinemia, energy expenditure and positive energy balance, a fact that may be related to an energy homeostasis impairment of obese individuals. In addition, the data presented in article 2 suggest that participating in an interdisciplinary treatment program, even when not associated with a large weight loss, provides several health benefits. However, we emphasize that weight loss greater than 10% of body weight may provide additional benefits by improving the inflammatory state and reducing the impairment of energy balance caused by obesity. Finally, we suggest that individuals with high levels of α-MSH may have more difficulty in reducing body weight.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Concentração plasmática da grelina total, grelina acetilada, leptina, GH e IGF-I em crianças e adolescentes com doença renal crônica(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009-07-29) Naufel, Maria Fernanda Soares [UNIFESP]; Carvalhaes, João Tomás de Abreu [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background The mechanisms responsible for the uraemic anorexia are poorly understood. In children and adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) increased levels of the orexigenic hormone ghrelin are often found. However, no data exits in relationship to concentration of acylated ghrelin in pediatric patients with CKD. Methods Cross-sectional study of acylated and total ghrelin plasma levels in pediatric patients with mild CKD undergoing conservative treatment (MCKD group, n = 19) and patients with end stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis (ESRD group, n = 24) compared with healthy controls (n =20). The correlations between total or acyl ghrelin with leptin, GH, IGF-I, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and anthropometric and nutritional measurements were also undertaken. Results ESRD patients had significantly lower BMI Z-score and energy intake while both ESRD and MCKD groups had lower height-for-age Z-score than control group. ESRD patients also exhibited higher total ghrelin levels (2009.7±1278.0 pg/ml, mean±SD) than either MCKD (1117.5±891.9 pg/ml) or controls (655.3±255.6 pg/ml). However, plasma acyl ghrelin levels did not differ between groups. The ESRD group had normal GH but low IGF-I levels. When all 43 uraemic subjects were combined, total ghrelin correlated positively with GH (r =0.340, p=0.0255) and negatively with IGF-I (r= - 0.415, p=0.0057) and GFR (r= -0.534, p<0.0002). Both total and acyl ghrelin correlated negatively with nutritional status. Conclusion The present findings suggest that most of the increased total ghrelin in CKD pediatric patients is desacylated. As desacyl ghrelin has been shown to inhibit feeding, its high levels may contribute to malnutrition and growth deficit in CKD patients.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosConcentrações de leptina, grelina acilada e grelina não acilada em trabalhadores em turnos fixos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2008) Crispim, Cibele Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio de [UNIFESP]Introdução: O trabalho em turnos tem sido associado com uma alta propensão para o desenvolvimento de problemas nutricionais e obesidade. Contudo, a concentrações plasmáticas de leptina e grelina ¿ dois hormônios que participam da regulação central da ingestão alimentar ¿ são desconhecida nesta população. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a concentrações plasmáticas de leptina, grelina acilada e grelina não acilada em trabalhadores em turnos fixos. Materiais e métodos: As concentrações d leptina, grelina acilada e grelina não acilada foram mensuradas em três grupos trabalhadores noturnos fixos (n=9), trabalhadores matutinos fixos (n=6) indivíduos que trabalhavam em horário comercial (n=7). As coletas de sangue foram realizadas a cada 4 horas no período de 24 horas do estudo, totalizando seis coletas. Para as avaliações das taxas de fome e apetite foram utilizadas escalas visuais previamente validadas. Resultados: Os valores basais de leptina foram significantemente maiores em ambos os grupos de trabalhadores em turnos (noturnos e matutinos), quando comparados ao grupo que trabalhava em horário comercial. Os valores basais da grelina acilada e não acilada foram significantemente menores no grupo matutino quando comparados aos outros dois grupos. Não foram encontrada diferença circadianas para os hormônios avaliados nos três grupos de estudo. Em várias análises subjetivas realizadas nas refeições, as taxas de fome e apetite foram estatisticamente menores no grupo matutino em relação aos outros do grupo. Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstrou que os trabalhadores em turnos, especialmente os matutinos, apresentaram diferentes concentrações d leptina, grelina acilada, não acilada e taxas de fome e apetite. Mais estudo são necessários para que as necessidades destes indivíduos sejam mais bem entendidas.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Controle neuroendócrino da massa óssea: mito ou verdade?(Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, 2003-08-01) Borba, Victoria Zeghbi Cochenski [UNIFESP]; Kulak, Carolina Aguiar Moreira; Lazaretti-Castro, Marise [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal do Paraná Hospital de Clínicas Serviço de Endocrinologia e Metabologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Bone remodeling is a physiologic process regulated by the interaction between the bone cells and a variety of hormones, cytokines, growth factors and inflammatory mediators. The central nervous system (CNS) has been proposed as a new regulatory element, acting through the release of neuronal messengers, which create a link between CNS and skeleton. There have been experimental and clinical evidence of neuroendocrine control of bone mass, with several factors implicated in this mechanism, including neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, leptin and others. Clinically, participation of neuroendocrine mechanisms comes from observation of bone loss in hypothalamic-pituitary disorders. More recently, leptin deficiency and leptin resistance have also been involved with bone metabolism. New studies are necessary to improve our knowledge on the relationships between these two important systems, and to establish if there is a local or systemic participation of the neuroendocrine system in bone metabolism.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosDesenvolvimento de substratos seletivos para catepsina S utilizando peptídeos com supressão intramolecular de fluorescência(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011) Oliveira, Marcela de [UNIFESP]; Carmona, Adriana Karaoglanovic [UNIFESP]A catepsina S e uma cisteino-peptidase lisossomal da superfamilia da papaina que esta implicada em diversos processos fisiologicos e patologicos. A enzima e altamente expressa em celulas apresentadoras de antigenos e possui funcao importante no processamento da cadeia invariante do complexo de histocompatibilidade principal (MHC) classe II. Em processos patologicos, a catepsina S esta associada a doenca de Alzheimer, aterosclerose e obesidade. Devido a ampla especificidade apresentada pelas catepsinas lisossomais, a deteccao especifica de catepsina S e dificultada em tecido onde outras catepsinas estao presentes. Na presente tese descrevemos o desenvolvimento de um substrato fluorogenico seletivo capaz de distinguir a catepsina S das outras catepsinas tendo como base dois substratos naturais da catepsina S, a cadeia ! da insulina e a cadeia invariante do MHC de classe II (CLIP). A influencia da forca ionica na atividade catalitica e a estabilidade da enzima em pH neutro tambem foram analisadas. Assim, desenvolvemos um substrato seletivo para catepsina S e estabelecemos condicoes de ensaio para diferenciar esta enzima das catepsinas L, B, V e K. O peptideo Abz-LEQ-EDDnp (Abz = acido ortoaminobenzoico; EDDnp = N-[2,4-dinitrofenil]etilenodiamina) e hidrolisado pela catepsina S em tampao fosfato de sodio 50mM, pH 7,4, contendo 1M de NaCl com valor de kcat/Km de 3.585 mM-1s-1, sendo nestas condicoes de ensaio, Abz-LEQ-EDDnp resistente a hidrolise pelas catepsinas L, V, K e B. Este substrato ainda se mostrou eficiente na medicao continua da atividade enzimatica em homogenatos de tecidos de rato. Estudos recentes mostraram que as catepsinas L, S e K sao expressas no tecido adiposo e foram apontadas como importantes moleculas em adipogenese e aterosclerose. Mais especificamente, foi descrito que a catepsina S esta envolvida na obesidade e e forte candidata a potenciar o desenvolvimento de lesoes ateroscleroticas em humanos. O tecido adiposo tem importantes propriedades metabolicas e pode produzir adipocinas, que sao moleculas bioativas envolvida em muitos processos fisiologicos e patologicos. Dentre elas destaca-se a leptina que desempenha um papel importante nao so na regulacao do apetite e balanco energetico, mas tambem na aterosclerose, controle da pressao arterial e osteogenese. A falta de estudos sobre a degradacao da leptina nos levou a investigar in vitro a acao da das catepsinas humanas recombinantes B, K, L e S sobre a leptina. Demonstramos por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida e espectroscopia de massa que a catepsina S apresenta alta atividade hidrolitica sobre a leptina em pH 6,0 e 7,4. Os fragmentos gerados pela hidrolise nao apresentaram acao angiogenica em celulas endoteliais in vitro. Alem disso, os fragmentos de leptina gerados nao foram capazes de inibir a inGestão alimentar em ratos Wistar apos administracao intracerebroventricular, sugerindo que a catepsina S pode ser um regulador da atividade da leptina
- ItemSomente MetadadadosDieta rica em ácidos graxos polinsaturados n-6: influência sobre a liberação basal de mediadores inflamatórios(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2005) Xavier, Roberta Araújo Navarro [UNIFESP]; Silveira, Vera Lucia Flor [UNIFESP]Mudanças nos ácidos graxos da dieta podem provocar alterações na fluidez e na composição dos fosfolipídios de membrana, alterando a produção de importantes mediadores e moduladores inflamatórios. Nesse sentido, demonstramos anteriormente que animais alimentados por 7 semanas com dietas ricas em ácidos graxos poliinsaturados (AGP) apresentaram redução da resposta inflamatória aguda, que foi parcialmente atribuída aos elevados níveis basais de corticosterona observados. Adicionalmente, observamos que esse efeito antiinf1amatório foi acompanhado por alterações nos níveis de fibrinogênio, leptina, bradicinina e citocinas pró e antiinflamatórias. Não se sabe, porém, se na ausência de estímulo inflamatório as dietas lipídicas, ricas em AGP, poderiam alterar por si só, o nível desses mediadores. Este trabalho avaliou o efeito da dieta rica em AGP n-6 sobre a liberação basal de corticosterona, fibrinogênio, leptina sérica, bradicinina e citocinas (Interleucinas lL-l, IL-4, IL-6,IL-10) em ratos alimentados por 4, 5, 6, ou 7 semanas. A dieta rica em AGP n-6 não alterou os níveis basais de bradicinina e citocinas, mas aumentou a concentração basal de corticosterona, leptina e fibrinogênio. Esses dados sugerem uma relação entre essas alterações e o efeito antiinflamatório dessa dieta observado na 5a, 6a e 7a semana de alimentação, já que os mediadores alterados podem agir como modula dores da resposta inflamatória.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)O efeito da administração pós-natal de topiramato na programação metabólica de camundongos submetidos a um protocolo de restrição de crescimento intrauterino(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-02-22) Oliveira, Allan Chiaratti de [UNIFESP]; D'Almeida, Vania [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7220411418339421; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9749043459728526; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Obesity is a public health issue with epidemic proportions. Intrauterine growth restriction negatively impacts immediate neonatal outcome and potentially increases the risk of chronic non-transmissible diseases posteriorly in adult life. Animal models have been used to understand the mechanisms underlining these long-term consequences. The search for strategies that could attenuate the impact of intrauterine growth restriction in latter life health is encouraging. Topiramate is an anticonvulsive drug with metabolic effects akin to those involved in metabolic programming. Intrauterine growth restriction was elicited by protein restriction prior and during gestation in female mice. Pups were treated either with topiramate or the vehicle during the suckling period and were challenged with hyperlipidic hypercaloric diet in adulthood. Protein restriction during gestation was able to reduce 36% the birth weight in the mice offspring, and despite slower catch up growth, equivalent weights were observed in restricted and control, male and female mice, at the time the nutritional challenge was initiated. Male and female offspring presented specific physiologic responses to the hyperlipidic diet. Male control mice presented reduced weight gain and reduced adiposity after the nutritional challenge, with no differences in total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, leptin or insulin plasma levels between the groups. In the other hand, female animals presented differential responses in leptin and insulin plasma levels, with no differences in other biochemical parameters and body weight or composition. Expression of genes related to leptin and adiponectin cross-talk between adipose tissue, liver, muscle and hypothalamus, as well as genes involved in the control of energetic metabolism in the hypothalamus was not changed in male mice after hyperlipidic diet. Female restricted mice treated with the vehicle presented reduced Ampk messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in muscle, what was attenuated in the restricted female mice treated with topiramate. Restricted female mice treated with topiramate also presented reduced Adiponectin receptor 2 and increased Pomc mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, along with increased Mch and decreased Pre-pro-orexin mRNA expression. Neonatal topiramate administration may have attenuated the programming effect of intrauterine growth restriction in female mice, leading to a most favorable organization of the hypothalamic circuitry involved in energetic metabolism control and increased leptin and insulin sensibility.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeito da intervenção multidisciplinar em adolescentes obesos com sintomas de compulsão alimentar e bulimia nervosa e sua influencia nos hormônios grelina e leptina(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2008) Carnier, June [UNIFESP]; Dâmaso, Ana Raimunda [UNIFESP]
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeito de dietas hiperlipídicas sobre a liberação de mediadores inflamatórios(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2004) Wohlers, Marta [UNIFESP]; Silveira, Vera Lucia Flor [UNIFESP]O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de dietas hiperlipídicas, ricas em ácidos graxos poliisaturados (AGP) dos tipos n-3 ou n-6, sobre a fagocitose, produção de 11201 óxido nítrico (NO) por macrófagos, liberação de bradicinina (BK), NO e interleucinas (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-4 e IIL-10 no perfusato inflamatório e concentração sangüínea de calicreína (KK), corticosterona e leptina e interleucinas. Ratos machos Wistar (60-70 g) foram alimentados com dieta padrão (grupo controle), dieta padrão enriquecida com 15 por cento de óleo de peixe (rico em AGP n-3) (grupo peixe) ou óleo de soja (rico em AGP n-6) (grupo soja). Depois de sete semanas de tratamento com as respectivas dietas, o edema de pata foi induzido pela administração intraplantar de carragenina (0,1 mg) e a liberação local de BK, NO e ILs foi determinada, da 1ª à 2ª hora e da 2ª à 3ª hora após a administração da carragenina. Também foram determinadas, em diferentes momentos após a administração de carragenina, as concentrações plasmáticas de corticosterona, calicreína, leptina e séricas de Ils e catecolaminas. Também determinou-se a fagocitose, liberação de NO e H2O2 por macrófagos pré estimulados ou não com carragenina e a liberação de NO no exsudato peritoneal de ratos que receberam carragenina i.p. Em relação ao grupo controle observamos nos grupos lipídicos redução da liberação de H202 pelos macrófagos estimulados com carragenina ou acetato de phorbol miristato (PMA), da liberação de NO por macrófagos peritoneais estimulados com carragenina, da liberação de BK e NO no perfusato do edema de carragenina e menor concentração plasmática de KK, após estímulo com carragenina. Estas observações, provavelmente colaboram para a redução da resposta inflamatória aguda nos grupos lipídicos. Ocorreu aumento de leptina durante o desenvolvimento do edema de carragenina, porém nos grupos lipídicos esse aumento foi menor do que no controle, o que poderia indicar um papel…(au).
- ItemEmbargoEfeito do extrato padronizado de Ginkgo biloba sobre o controle hipotalâmico da homeostase energética de ratas ovariectomizadas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2019-09-05) Ribeiro, Jéssica de Souza Figueiredo Borges [UNIFESP]; Telles, Mônica Marques [UNIFESP]; Banin, Renata Mancini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9116883119071870; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8143359335123923; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8672528254562565A menopausa é um fenômeno fisiológico marcado por profundas alterações em todos os sistemas do organismo. Dentre suas consequências, destacam-se a tendência ao sobrepeso e obesidade, com estabelecimento de um padrão inflamatório de baixo grau, porém crônico, tanto dos tecidos periféricos, quanto do sistema nervoso central (SNC). Essa condição é especialmente importante porque predispõe ao desenvolvimento de desordens metabólicas como o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e as doenças cardiovasculares. Promover o seu controle é, portanto, imperativo, e novas terapias farmacológicas, baseadas em produtos vegetais, podem constituir uma alternativa para este fim. Visando a compreender o efeito do tratamento com extrato padronizado de Ginkgo biloba (EGb) sobre a inflamação hipotalâmica e neuropeptídios hipotalâmicos alvo da leptina em fêmeas ovariectomizadas, ratas de dois meses de idade foram submetidas à cirurgia de ovariectomia (OVX) ou falsa ovariectomia (FOVX). 60 dias após a cirurgia, as ratas dos grupos OGb e FGb receberam tratamento com 500 mg/kg de EGb diários, durante 14 dias, enquanto as fêmeas OS e FS receberam uma gavagem diária com solução salina a 0,9%. Os animais ovariectomizados apresentaram ganho expressivo de massa, mimetizando a alteração corporal da menopausa. Embora o tratamento tenha promovido redução do consumo alimentar nas ratas OGb, não se constataram diferenças estatisticamente significantes na expressão do receptor de leptina (LepRb), tampouco nas proteínas da via inflamatória p-JNK, MyD88 e p-ERK hipotalâmica. É possível, no entanto, que o tempo transcorrido entre a cirurgia e o tratamento não tenha sido suficientemente longo para o estabelecimento de inflamação no hipotálamo. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes na expressão de POMC e NPY no LH após o tratamento com EGb. Outros estudos são necessários para elucidar os efeitos do extrato sobre esse e outros núcleos hipotalâmicos de regulação da ingestão alimentar e da homeostase energética.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeitos centrais e periféricos do tratamento repetido com leptina em ratos normais(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2006) Telles, Monica Marques [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Eliane Beraldi [UNIFESP]O hormônio adipocitário leptina exerce um papel fundamental na manutenção da homeostase energética, promovendo redução tanto da ingestão alimentar como da massa corporal. Diversos estudos indicam que o efeito anorexígeno da leptina decorre de sua ação sobre circuitos centrais envolvidos no controle do balanço energético. Entretanto, os mecanismos pelos quais a leptina exerce suas ações centrais ainda não se encontram totalmente elucidados. O presente estudo teve como um de seus objetivos avaliar se a leptina exerce seu efeito anorexígeno via ativação do sistema serotonérgico. Ratos Wistar normais foram tratados com 4 injeções i.c.v. diárias de 5μg ou lOμg de leptina (grupos Lep5 e LeplO) ou pré-tratados com veículo e acesso à alimentação pareada aos respectivos grupos tratados (PF5 e PF10). No quinto dia, os animais permaneceram em jejum e amostras de dialisato foram coletadas do hipotálamo lateral. Durante o experimento de microdiálise, todos os grupos receberam uma injeção aguda de veículo seguida, uma hora depois, de uma injeção aguda de leptina. o pré-tratamento com leptina i.c.v. promoveu redução significante da ingestão alimentar. Observamos que esta redução ocorreu de forma dose-dependente, já que em relação ao grupo Lep5, o grupo Lep10 apresentou redução significante do consumo alimentar nos dias 3 e 4 de pré-tratamento. Os níveis basais de serotonina (5-HT) hipotalâmica foram semelhantes entre os grupos, ao passo que os níveis de ácido 5-hidroxindolacético (5-HIAA) foram mais baixos nos grupos PF10 e Lep10. Tanto no grupo PF5 como no Lep5, os níveis de 5-HT permaneceram estáveis após a injeção de veículo ou leptina, enquanto os níveis de 5¬HIAA aumentaram, indicando um aumento da síntese de 5-HT. Os grupos PF10 e Lep 10 apresentaram respostas diferentes ao tratamento. No grupo PF10, os níveis de 5-HT caíram logo após a injeção do veículo sendo que a dose aguda de leptina não modificou este efeito. Por outro lado, as injeções agudas tanto de veículo como de leptina não promoveram alteração dos níveis de 5-HT no grupo Lep10. Os níveis de 5-HIAA permaneceram inalterados no grupo PF10 ao passo que aumentaram no grupo Lep 10. Estes dados indicam que o tratamento agudo com leptina, por si só, não promoveu um efeito estimulador direto sobre a liberação hipotalâmica de serotonina e que este padrão não foi modificado pelo pré-tratamento com a proteína. Contudo, numa situação de diminuição da atividade serotonérgica, como a decorrente de restrição alimentar drástica, o pré-tratamento com leptina preveniu a queda dos níveis hipotalâmicos de serotonina, provavelmente por estimular a síntese de 5-HT. É possível que, ao invés de agir diretamente sobre a transmissão serotonérgica, a leptina se contraponha aos fatores que levam à inibição serotonérgica após uma restrição alimentar. Este efeito poderia ser uma das vias pelas quais a leptina promove redução da ingestão alimentar. O segundo objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se a leptina, ao agir no sistema nervoso central, afeta a expressão gênica de adipocinas. Para isto, utilizamos a técnica de Northern Blotting para avaliar a expressão gênica de leptina, adiponectina, PPARγ, resistina e LPL em amostras de tecido adiposo branco epididimal, retroperitoneal e subcutâneo, provenientes de animais dos grupos PF5, Lep5 e AL (ad libitum - tratados com CSF e com livre acesso ao alimento). O tratamento com leptina i.c.v. reduziu sua própria expressão nos depósitos de tecido adiposo branco epididimal e retroperitoneal. Observamos que este efeito ocorreu de forma depósito-dependente já que o tratamento não modificou a expressão de leptina no depósito subcutâneo. Por outro lado, a expressão gênica das demais adipocinas nos três depósitos de tecido adiposo analisados não foi modificada pelo tratamento. Nossos dados sugerem que ao agir centralmente, a leptina é capaz de controlar a sua própria expressão por meio de retroalimentação negativa. Contudo, nossos resultados indicam que as ações centrais da leptina não afetam a expressão gênica de adiponectina, PPARγ, resistina e LPL. É possível que doses mais elevadas de leptina promovam alteração da expressão gênica destas adipocinas.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeitos da ingestão de presas sobre o metabolismo energético e os níveis hormonais de cascavéis Crotalus durissus (Serpentes, Viperidae)(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2014-04-28) Oliveira, Fernando Bagnariolli de [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, José Eduardo de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Snakes that have foraging strategy such as ?sit-and-wait? and consequently feed on infrequent mode are excellent models to study the transition between the period of fasting and postprandial. The period of ingestion is accompanied by profound changes metabolism, thus an investigation of hormones related to metabolism and an analysis of the capacity of enzymatic pathways could elucidate questions about the processes that regulate this transition from fasting to feed. In this sense we analyze the concentration of thyroid hormones present in the plasma of rattlesnakes Crotalus durissus addition and leptin in plasma in fasted conditions and after ingestion of prey. In the same period we also analyzed the metabolic capabilities through measures of maximum activity of enzymes of glycogen synthesis (glycogen synthase - GS), an enzyme of the gluconeogenesis pathway (fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase - FBPase), enzymes of ? -oxidation lipid (? - hydroxyacyl -CoA dehydrogenase - HOAD), enzyme and metabolic pathway of ketone bodies (succinyl - CoA cetotransferase - SKT b - hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase - HBDH) in tissue samples from liver, muscle, heart, kidney, stomach and intestine for fasted animals (45 and 90 days fasted) and after ingestion of the equivalent of 10 % of their body weight in mass of prey (24 hours, 48 hours and 120 hours). No different concentrations were found for the groups in the three hormones examined, T3, T4 e leptin. In the liver of rattlesnakes occurs regulation to form glycogen, analyzed by GS activity, in animals fed 48 hours after ingestion. Similar as result found in the kidney and muscle. With the exception of the heart, in all tissues there was a decrease in the ability to produce glucose from the gluconeogenesis, analyzed by FBPase in fasted animals for 90 days. In the heart there were also increased pathways of oxidation of lipids in fasted animals for 45 days, analyzed by HOAD, and increased metabolic pathway of ketone bodies in animals in 90 days fasting. These results suggest that although the hormones do not exert a regulatory role at least under the experimental conditions, the pathways analyzed by enzyme activities indicate possible points of regulations for times of fasting animals that foraging by ?sit-and-wait? strategies may face.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeitos da obesidade no sistema calicreína-cininas: estudo dos receptores B1 e B2 de cininas em tecido adiposo humano e murino(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2006-06-28) Hilzendeger, Aline Mourão [UNIFESP]; Pesquero, João Bosco [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objectives: To study the effect of obesity on the kallikrein-kinin system through the expression of receptors B1 and B2 on humans and mice, and alterations in the synthesis and functionality of the receptor in murine tissues. Methods: white human adipose tissue and different kinds of mice tissues were collected. RNA was extracted and the kinin receptors expression analyzed through a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tissues and organs such as stomach and aorta were used for protein extraction and physiological studies. By Western Blotting, receptor quantitation was studied. Stomach fungus and abdominal aorta were used to register isometric contractions to determine the potency and effectiveness of the agonists on obese and control mice. Increasing accumulating doses of bradykinin and des-Arg9-bradykinin, B2 and B1 receptors agonists respectively, were applied. Results: In the real-time PCR experiments, the gene expression of the B1 and B2 receptors were altered in some tissues of the animals deficient for leptin, when compared to the control. In the white adipose tissue, aorta, liver, hypothalamus and stomach, the B1 receptor expression was increased, but in cardiac tissues and brown adipose tissue, it was decreased. The expression of B2 receptor was decreased in white adipose tissue and hypothalamus. In the other studied tissues, no changes was detected in the B2 receptor expression. In humans, these receptors were altered in obese individuals. The study was performed in human adipose tissue from two different regions of depots, visceral and subcutaneous. There was a tendency of different expression in the same tissue, but from different areas. In tissues from obese mice the response to the B2 and B1 agonists, bradykinin and des-Arg9-bradykinin, respectively, had a decreasing tendency. A significant decrease was observed in stomach fundus in response to the BK agonist. Such effects can be due to the increased weight and its consequences, such as chronic inflammation or diabetes type II, which is a pathology directly related to obesity. Conclusion: expression and functional analysis show that obesity affects kinin receptors in many different mouse tissues as well as in humans.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeitos da suplementação com melatonina sobre a expressão de adipocinas por tecidos adiposos branco em camundongos obesos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2017-07-03) Paixão, Regislane Ino da [UNIFESP]; Vale, Maria Isabel Cardoso Alonso [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Several metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and metabolic syndrome have a direct association with white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction and, consequently, adipokines secretion, especially those with a proinflammatory action. The incidence of obese people worldwide is increasing every year and this is an indicator that the therapeutic strategies used are not yet fully effective. Studies have shown that melatonin is a hormone responsible for ensuring an adequate energy balance, mainly through the regulation of energy flow, regulating this process, probably by modulating the WAT function. In this work we evaluated the effects of melatonin supplementation on the production of adipokines in visceral and subcutaneous fat (peri-epididimal -PE and inguinal- ING, respectively) of animals submitted to obesity by a high fat diet (HFD). Male C57Bl / 6j mice of 8 weeks were used, which were separated into 3 groups: CO, animals fed with control diet (9% of lipids); Obese, animals fed with HFD (59% of lipids) and obese + melatonin, animals fed with HFD and supplemented with melatonin (1mg/kg, drinking water for ten weeks during the dark phase). The animals were evaluated for food intake, body mass gain, and glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin (ITT) and plasma lipid profile. In the end of protocol, inginal and subcutaneous adipose tissue was removed to evaluate, adipokines and gene expression (adiponectin, IL-6, leptin, resistin and TNF-α). The body mass gain data showed that melatonin had a preventive effect on the development of obesity. In addition, supplementation with melatonin slowed down the effects on food efficiency and energy efficiency triggered by HFD. Consequently, the ING and PE fat depots of the animals that ingested HFD and melatonin showed significant reductions when compared to animals that were not supplemented with this hormone. The analyses of gene expression in the subcutaneous and visceral depots showed that obesity caused an increase in the content of IL-6, leptin and TNF-α in the visceral depot. However, this effect was prevented in the group of obese animals that received melatonin supplementation. Finally, melatonin attenuated the elevation of serum triglyceride levels and the LDL cholesterol fraction caused by DHL. Thus, the results obtained in this study suggest that supplementation with melatonin may decrease the weight gain and the proinflammatory effects triggered by DHL, as well as the development of atherosclerosis. Key words: obesity; pineal gland; adiponectin; leptin; TNF-α; IL-6.
- «
- 1 (current)
- 2
- 3
- »