Navegando por Palavras-chave "Iron deficiency"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)A anemia por deficiência de ferro na grávida adolescente: comparação entre métodos laboratoriais(Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 2003-12-01) Papa, Amélia Cirone Esposito [UNIFESP]; Furlan, Juliana Prestes [UNIFESP]; Pasquelle, Marisa [UNIFESP]; Guazzelli, Cristina Aparecida Falbo [UNIFESP]; Figueiredo, Maria Stella [UNIFESP]; Camano, Luiz [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: to evaluate, in pregnant adolescents, the incidence of iron deficiency, using the following blood tests: hemoglobin, ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation rate and serum transferrin receptor, and their relationships. METHODS: a total of 56 adolescents were included at the first prenatal evaluation between the 12th and the 20th week of gestation. The normal values for each test were: above 11 mg/dL for hemoglobin, 12 µg/dL for ferritin, 50 mg/L for serum iron, 16% for transferrin saturation rate and below 28.1 nmol/L for serum transferrin receptor. Each result was evaluated using percentages and the McNemar test was used to compare the results. RESULTS: incidence of anemia using the hemoglobin concentration test was 21.4%. All pregnant women presented mild anemia. In the present study, 21.4% of the patients had iron deficiency with a ferritin concentration <12 mug/dL. Serum iron concentration was reduced in 3.6% of the adolescents and transferrin saturation rate in 26.8% of the sample. The value obtained by the transferrin receptor test was unclear, due to the lack of international standardization regarding measure unit. Comparing the hemoglobin concentration test to the other iron deficiency tests, it was found that the latter do not show a better evaluation than the hemoglobin concentration test in patients with hypoferremia. CONCLUSIONS: the hemoglobin concentration test in patients with mild anemia was effective to identify iron deficiency.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação da cinética de ferro e inflamação em indivíduos vegetarianos e não vegetarianos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-03-05) Slywitch, Eric [UNIFESP]; Escrivao, Maria Arlete Meil Schimith [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2103953406579796; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1756623423214992; Universidade Federal de São PauloIntrodução: A exclusão do ferro heme da dieta leva ao questionamento da possível inadequação dos níveis desse mineral no organismo dos vegetarianos. A adoção de uma dieta vegetariana está associada à redução da prevalência de diversas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Esse fato pode ser explicado pelo menor IMC (índice de massa corporal), assim como pela composição da dieta (distribuição equilibrada dos macronutrientes, menor teor de gordura saturada, maior ingestão de antioxidantes e fibras). Porém, não é claro se o ganho de peso acarreta alterações metabólicas diferentes nos vegetarianos, quando comparados aos onívoros. Objetivos: Avaliar, comparativamente, o estado nutricional de ferro em indivíduos vegetarianos e onívoros e verificar a influência do estado inflamatório no diagnóstico da deficiência de ferro. Investigar se o ganho de peso corporal propicia alterações metabólicas similares em vegetarianos e onívoros. Métodos: Foram avaliados 1340 indivíduos de 18 a 60 anos de idade, separados por sexo, dieta seguida, presença ou ausência de menstruação e estado nutricional (IMC). Foram dosados os níveis séricos de hemoglobina (Hb), ferritina, proteína C reativa ultrassensível (PCR-US), ALT (alanina aminotransferase), AST (aspartato aminotransferase), Gama-GT (gamaglutamil transferase), glicemia de jejum, insulinemia e hemoglobina glicada e foram calculados os valores de Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA-IR). Resultados: Na população feminina (n=918), as onívoras tiveram maior prevalência de obesidade e as veganas de baixo peso (p=0,0045). Na masculina (n=422), a prevalência de obesidade foi maior nos onívoros (p=0,0001). A prevalência de anemia foi maior em vegetarianas do que em onívoras, mediante perda de sangue menstrual (p=0,0057) ou não (p=0,0124). Valores progressivos de IMC e de HOMA-IR se associaram com elevação de ferritina, independente do hábito alimentar. Após serem excluídos da análise os indivíduos com sobrepeso/obesidade e inflamação, a prevalência de deficiência de ferro foi maior em vegetarianos do que onívoros, apenas mediante perda menstrual de sangue. Valores progressivos de IMC levam ao aumento de diferentes marcadores bioquímicos, mas apenas a relação do IMC com ALT foi dependente do hábito alimentar e observada exclusivamente em mulheres que não menstruavam: esta foi menor em veganas (p = 0,0099). Na análise realizada apenas com indivíduos obesos (IMC ³ 30 kg/m2), foram observadas menores concentrações de GGT e ferritina em indivíduos vegetarianos do que em onívoros, independente de sexo e perda menstrual de sangue (p £ 0,0395). Na avaliação dos níveis de HOMA-IR, observamos maior elevação em homens do que em mulheres (p=0,0173), sem diferenças entre os tipos de dietas. Conclusões: Apenas mulheres que menstruam parecem ter maior risco de deficiência de ferro quando adotam uma dieta vegetariana. Nossos dados sugerem que tanto indivíduos vegetarianos quanto onívoros podem apresentar alterações de parâmetros metabólicos frente ao ganho de peso. Entretanto, na condição de obesidade, indivíduos vegetarianos parecem ser protegidos do desenvolvimento das morbidades associadas ao excesso de peso, ao apresentarem níveis comparativamente menos elevados de GGT e Ferritina.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Consumo alimentar, estado nutricional de gestantes e indicadores de reservas de ferro(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011-05-25) Camargo, Rosangela Maria Souza de [UNIFESP]; Schirmer, Janine [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: Among the most important nutritional disorders in pregnancy, there is iron deficiency. Dietary intake of women in developing countries shows that most of them do not have sufficient store of the mineral to meet the high demands of pregnancy. As a consequence of prolonged iron deficiency, there is iron deficiency anemia, which brings adverse health complications for the mother and the fetus. Objective: To evaluate the dietary intake, nutritional status and indices of iron stores in adult women, of low risk, in the second trimester of pregnancy. Method: Crosssectional study conducted in the prenatal clinic of the Hospital Universitário Júlio Muller (HUJM), Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá city, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The study population was all pregnant women attended in the prenatal care between May 2008 and May 2009, and 146 women met the inclusion criteria. Data were obtained from medical records and through interviews with application forms including questions about socioeconomic status and reproductive history. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to evaluate food intake. In the statistical analysis, normal distribution was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; the Mann- Whiney test for averages; Chi-square or Fisher exact tests for proportions, considering a significance level of 5% to reject the null hypothesis. The data were described in the papers comprised in the thesis. Results: Among the pregnant women, 47% were younger than 25 years, 36% had not completed elementary school, 60% had family incomes below one minimum wage per capita, 19% lived without a mate, 41% were nulliparous, 37% had had an abortion. Concerning prenatal nutritional status, 21% were underweight and 29% had overweight / obesity. RBC indices with strongest correlation with each other were the hemoglobin and hematocrit, and between indices of iron stores, serum iron and transferrin saturation index. The prevalence of anemia was 4.8% (Hb <11 g / dl), and iron deficiency considering iron and ferritin markers was 30.1% and 39%, respectively. The foods most commonly consumed by pregnant women daily were rice, beans, bread, pasta, chicken, oranges, canned goods, eggs, and beef. More than a third of the interviewed women reported not eating ferrous sulfate. Conclusion: The study observed the importance of nutritional status before and during pregnancy, suggesting that pregnant women with overweight / obesity had more changes in iron stores markers in the pre-pregnancy, and during pregnancy the prevalence of overweight / obesity was 40%. There was no association between intake of food groups and alterations in iron markers; however, consumption of pasta, food fortified with iron, was higher among women with normal serum iron level.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Deficiência de ferro nas afecções gastrointestinais da criança(Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular, 2010-06-01) Morais, Mauro Batista de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The relationships between iron deficiency, iron metabolism and the intestinal tract function can be analyzed from various perspectives: 1. the intestine as the site of iron absorption regulated by hepcidin produced in the liver; 2. the interaction between iron with other nutrients; 3. repercussions of iron deficiency in the intestine and 4. the intestine as the location of pathological loses that can cause or aggravate iron deficiency. The aim of this article is to cover these aspects of the interaction between iron and the intestinal tract. In iron deficiency, an increase in iron absorption has been observed, which in animals is accompanied by an increase in the height of the intestinal villosities. On the other hand, in humans with iron deficiency anemia, abnormalities of the intestinal physiology, different to those found in the laboratory, can occur. Poor intestinal iron absorption can occur in illnesses such as atrophy of the villosities as occurs in celiac disease and in illnesses associated with inflammation anemia such as cholestatic hepatic diseases. Nowadays blood loses from intestinal parasitosis are not a frequent cause of iron deficiency. Infants who have a high risk of developing iron deficiency anemia should be exclusively breast feed and a supplement of iron must be started from their sixth month of life. The use of cow milk is associated with lower iron absorption and blood loses that can aggravate iron deficiency. Infants who do not receive maternal milk must be fed with an infant formula fortified with iron.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Dietary cellulose has no effect on the regeneration of hemoglobin in growing rats with iron deficiency anemia(Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 2003-06-01) Catani, M. [UNIFESP]; Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio [UNIFESP]; Fagundes-Neto, Ulisses [UNIFESP]; Morais, Mauro Batista de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of cellulose on intestinal iron absorption in rats during recovery from iron deficiency anemia. Twenty-one-day-old male Wistar-EPM rats were fed an iron-free ration for two weeks to induce anemia. At 5 weeks of age, the rats were divided into two groups (both groups receiving 35 mg of elemental iron per kg diet): cellulose group (N = 12), receiving a diet containing 100 g of cellulose/kg and control (N = 12), receiving a diet containing no cellulose. The fresh weight of the feces collected over a 3-day period between the 15th and 18th day of dietary treatment was 10.7 ± 3.5 g in the group receiving cellulose and 1.9 ± 1.2 g in the control group (P<0.001). Total food intake was higher in the cellulose group (343.4 ± 22.0 g) than in the control (322.1 ± 13.1 g, P = 0.009) during the 3 weeks of dietary treatment. No significant difference was observed in weight gain (cellulose group = 132.8 ± 19.2, control = 128.0 ± 16.3 g), hemoglobin increment (cellulose group = 8.0 ± 0.8, control = 8.0 ± 1.0 g/dl), hemoglobin level (cellulose group = 12.3 ± 1.2, control = 12.1 ± 1.3 g/dl) or in hepatic iron levels (cellulose group = 333.6 ± 112.4, control = 398.4 ± 168.0 µg/g dry tissue). We conclude that cellulose does not adversely affect the regeneration of hemoglobin, hepatic iron level or the growth of rats during recovery from iron deficiency anemia.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Factors associated with iron deficiency in pregnant women seen at a public prenatal care service(Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, 2013-08-01) Camargo, Rosangela Maria Souza de [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Rosângela Alves; Yokoo, Edna Massae; Schirmer, Janine [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso Faculdade de Nutrição Departamento de Alimentos Nutrição; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro; Universidade Federal Fluminense Instituto de Saúde da Comunidade; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the frequency of iron deficiency and its association with socioeconomic, obstetric, and nutritional factors in pregnant women. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included women on the second trimester of pregnancy seen at a public prenatal care facility of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil from May 2008 to May 2009. Socioeconomic, nutritional, and obstetric data were compared with markers of iron stores. RESULTS: During the study period, 146 pregnant women met the inclusion criteria. The frequency of anemia characterized by abnormal hemoglobin level, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume varied from 3% to 5%. However, 11% of the women had high transferrin levels and 39% had low ferritin levels. Before pregnancy, 21% of the women were underweight and 29% were overweight or obese. During pregnancy, the percentage of overweight or obese women rose to 40%. History of miscarriages, higher gestational age, and excess weight before pregnancy were associated with markers of iron stores at abnormal levels. Consumption of specific food groups was not associated with abnormal marker levels. CONCLUSION: Serum ferritin was the most sensitive indicator of iron deficiency. Excess weight and anemia were concomitant.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIron deficiency anemia and iron stores in adult and adolescent women in pregnancy(Taylor & Francis As, 2010-03-01) Soares, Nestor N. [UNIFESP]; Mattar, Rosiane [UNIFESP]; Camano, Luis; Torloni, Maria R.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective. To determine whether primiparous adolescent pregnancy is associated with increased risk of iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency when compared with older primiparas. Design. Prospective cohort. Setting. Caratinga city, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Sample. A total of 183 women, being 61 adolescents and 122 adults. Methods. Five peripheral vein blood samples were collected from each participant, at 9-16 and 29-36 weeks, upon admission for delivery, within the first hour after delivery and 30-60 days post-partum. We measured hemoglobin (Hb), transferrin saturation index and ferritin. Main outcome measures. Adolescent and adult women using chi-squared test, Student's t-test and hotelling test. Results. There were significant differences in Hb concentration during the various sampling periods, for the whole cohort. the prevalence of anemia (Hb < 11 g/dl) did not differ significantly between adults and adolescents. the decrease in the mean transferrin levels was more intense in adolescents than in adults, especially during the second half of pregnancy. Low ferritin levels (< 12 mu g/l) were more frequent in adolescents than in adults during pregnancy and throughout the study period. Conclusions. Although there were no significant differences in the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (Hb < 11 g/dl) in adolescents compared to adult women, low body iron stores and ferritin (< 12 mu g/l) were significantly more frequent in adolescents.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIron-Restricted Diet Affects Brain Ferritin Levels, Dopamine Metabolism and Cellular Prion Protein in a Region-Specific Manner(Frontiers Media Sa, 2017) Pino, Jessica Monteiro Volejnik [UNIFESP]; Luz, Marcio Henrique Mello da [UNIFESP]; Antunes, Hanna Karen Moreira [UNIFESP]; Giampá, Sara Quaglia de Campos [UNIFESP]; Martins, Vilma Regina; Lee, Kil Sun [UNIFESP]Iron is an essential micronutrient for several physiological functions, including the regulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission. On the other hand, both iron, and dopamine can affect the folding and aggregation of proteins related with neurodegenerative diseases, such as cellular prion protein (PrPC) and α-synuclein, suggesting that deregulation of iron homeostasis and the consequential disturbance of dopamine metabolism can be a risk factor for conformational diseases. These proteins, in turn, are known to participate in the regulation of iron and dopamine metabolism. In this study, we evaluated the effects of dietary iron restriction on brain ferritin levels, dopamine metabolism, and the expression levels of PrPC and α-synuclein. To achieve this goal, C57BL/6 mice were fed with iron restricted diet (IR) or with normal diet (CTL) for 1 month. IR reduced iron and ferritin levels in liver. Ferritin reduction was also observed in the hippocampus. However, in the striatum of IR group, ferritin level was increased, suggesting that under iron-deficient condition, each brain area might acquire distinct capacity to store iron. Increased lipid peroxidation was observed only in hippocampus of IR group, where ferritin level was reduced. IR also generated discrete results regarding dopamine metabolism of distinct brain regions: in striatum, the level of dopamine metabolites (DOPAC and HVA) was reduced; in prefrontal cortex, only HVA was increased along with the enhanced MAO-A activity; in hippocampus, no alterations were observed. PrPC levels were increased only in the striatum of IR group, where ferritin level was also increased. PrPC is known to play roles in iron uptake. Thus, the increase of PrPC in striatum of IR group might be related to the increased ferritin level. α-synuclein was not altered in any regions. Abnormal accumulation of ferritin, increased MAO-A activity or lipid peroxidation are molecular features observed in several neurological disorders. Our findings show that nutritional iron deficiency produces these molecular alterations in a region-specific manner and provide new insight into the variety of molecular pathways that can lead to distinct neurological symptoms upon iron deficiency. Thus, adequate iron supplementation is essential for brain health and prevention of neurological diseases
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Morphological and functional alterations of the intestine of rats with iron-deficiency anemia(Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 2004-11-01) Wayhs, Mônica Lisboa Chang [UNIFESP]; Patricio, Francy Reis da Silva [UNIFESP]; Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio [UNIFESP]; Pedroso, Margareth Zabeu [UNIFESP]; Fagundes Neto, Ulysses [UNIFESP]; Morais, Mauro Batista de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The present study was designed to assess the intestinal absorption of D-xylose and jejunal morphometry in rats with iron-deficiency anemia. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group (diet containing 50 mg Fe/kg, N = 12) and an anemic group (diet containing <5 mg Fe/kg, N = 12). The animals were housed in individual metabolic cages and deionized water and diet were provided ad libitum for 6 weeks. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were determined at 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. At the end of the study the rats were submitted to a D-xylose absorption test (50 mg/100 g body weight) and sacrificed and a jejunal specimen was obtained for morphometric study. At the end of the study the hemoglobin and hematocrit of the anemic rats (8.7 ± 0.9 g/dl and 34.1 ± 2.9%, respectively) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the controls (13.9 ± 1.4 g/dl and 47.1 ± 1.5%, respectively). There was no statistical difference in D-xylose absorption between the anemic (46.5 ± 7.4%) and control (43.4 ± 9.0%) groups. The anemic animals presented statistically greater villus height (445.3 ± 36.8 µm), mucosal thickness (614.3 ± 56.3 µm) and epithelial surface (5063.0 ± 658.6 µm) than control (371.8 ± 34.3, 526.7 ± 62.3 and 4401.2 ± 704.4 µm, respectively; P < 0.05). The increase in jejunum villus height, mucosal thickness and epithelial surface in rats with iron-deficiency anemia suggests a compensatory intestinal mechanism to increase intestinal iron absorption.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Orientação nutricional do paciente com deficiência de ferro(Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular, 2010-06-01) Bortolini, Gisele A.; Fisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Ministério da Saúde; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Iron deficiency occurs when nutritional iron reserves are used up mainly as a result of a negative balance between intake and requirements. When iron deficiency is severe, the patient evolves with iron deficiency anaemia. Replacement of iron reserves is normally by means of a medicinal supplement. One low cost alternative that does not present unwanted side effects is nutritional education which aims at quantitatively and qualitatively improving the consumption of foods and thus provide a healthy diet. The current study presents nutritional guidelines both for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anaemia. It is important that an evaluation of dietary intake is made and that dietary counseling is followed to assist treatment and to change eating habits, thereby preventing the recurrence of iron deficiency. The most vulnerable groups for iron deficiency warrant special attention, and include children, pregnant women and women of childbearing age.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosTransepithelial transport of glucose and mRNA of glucose transporters in the small intestine of rats with iron-deficiency anemia(Elsevier B.V., 2011-01-01) Wayhs, Monica Lisboa Chang [UNIFESP]; Morais, Mauro Batista de [UNIFESP]; Machado, Ubiratan Fabres; Nassar, Silvia Modesto; Fagundes Neto, Ulysses [UNIFESP]; Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)Objective: To evaluate the transepithelial transport of sodium, glucose, potassium, and water and the mRNA level of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) and the facilitated sugar transporter (GLUT2) in the small intestine of iron-deficient rats.Methods: After 6 wk of receiving diets with low or normal iron content, rats (Wistar-EPM) were subjected to two experiments: 1) evaluation of the transepithelial transport of sodium, glucose, potassium, and water by an in vivo experimental model of intestinal perfusion and 2) determination of relative SGLT1 and GLUT2 mRNA levels in the proximal, intermediate, and distal portions of the small intestine by the northern blotting technique.Results: Hemoglobin and hepatic iron levels were statistically lower in the anemic rats. the mean transepithelial transports of sodium (-33.0 mu Eq . min(-1) . cm(-1)), glucose (426.0 mu M . min(-1) . cm(-1)), and water (0.4 mu L . min(-1) . cm(-1)) in the small intestine of the anemic rats were significantly lower than in the control group (349.1 mu Eq . min(-1) cm(-1), 842.6 mu M . min(-1) . cm(-1), and 4.3 mu l . min(-1) cm(-1), respectively, P < 0.05). the transepithelial transport of potassium was similar for both groups. the relative SGLT1 mRNA levels of the anemic rats in the intermediate (1.796 +/- 0.659 AU) and distal (1.901 +/- 0.766 AU) segments were significantly higher than the values for the control rats (intermediate 1.262 +/- 0.450 AU, distal 1.244 +/- 0.407 AU). No significant difference was observed for the relative SLGT1 mRNA levels in the proximal segment or for the GLUT2 mRNA levels in all segments.Conclusion: Iron deficiency decreases the absorption of glucose, sodium, and water and increases SGLT1 mRNA in the intermediate and distal segments of the small intestine of rats. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.