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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Atrofia mucosa/translocação bacteriana na sepse experimental em ratos Wistar(Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2004-10-01) D'acampora, Armando José [UNIFESP]; Ortellado, Daniel Knabben [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Roberta O. M.; Serafim, João Daniel May; Farias, Débora Cadore De; Tramonte, Ricardo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Hospital Universitário; Hospital Regional de São José; Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaPURPOSE: Observe the relation between small intestine's mucosal injury and bacterial translocation. METHODS: 50 adult female rats were distributed in 5 groups: 1. Control: intraperitoneal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2. Drainage: intraperitoneal injection of P. aeruginosa and drainage of the abdominal cavity, after 6 hours, 3. Washed: intraperitoneal injection of P. aeruginosa and washing of the abdominal cavity, after 6 hours, 4. Washed + drainage: intraperitoneal injection of P. aeruginosa plus drainage and washing of the cavity, after 6 hours, 5. Normal: evaluation of the normal intestinal wall. After death, blood and peritoneal cultures were performed. Fragments of jejunum were processed histologically for morphometric measure of the total thickness of the jejujum's wall in comparison to the thickness of the mucosa + submucosa layer. RESULTS: In blood culture, there was growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli in 90% and 52,5% of the animals, respectively. In the peritoneal culture, there was growth of P aeruginosa, E.coli and Klebsiella sp in 87,5%, 85% and 5% of the animals. About the histological analysis and the thickness of the mucosa + submucosa's layer, there was not significant alteration. CONCLUSION: Acute sepsis did not develop any thickness alteration in the small intestine's mucosa layer. Bacterial translocation can not be a direct consequence produced by mucosal intestinal injury.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação do habito intestinal em mulheres atletas e sua relação com nível de hidratação e uso de suplemento(Inst Brasileiro Pesquisa & Ensino Fisiologia Exercicio-Ibpefex, 2016) Dall'Agnol, Tatyana [UNIFESP]; Araujo, Maíta Poli de [UNIFESP]; Laino, Fernanda [UNIFESP]; Parmigiano, Tathiana Rebizzi [UNIFESP]; Girão, Manoel João Batista Castello [UNIFESP]; Sartori, Marair Gracio Ferreira [UNIFESP]Objective: Constipation is the most common digestive complaint in the average population and occurs more frequently in women. Physical activity brings several health benefits, but it is still unknown the precise impact of high-performance exercises on regulating bowel habit. The purpose of the present study is to investigate bowel habit of female athletes and its relationship to the level of hydration and use of supplements through the Bristol Scale. Methods: The sample consisted of 45 high-performance female athletes, average age of 23 +/- 5 years. Bristol scale has been used to classify the stool consistency and questionnaires to assess the level of hydration and use of supplements. Weight, body circumferences and skin-folds measurements were taken. Results: It was found that 56% of athletes had stools considered normal, 28% had hard feces and 16% had soft stools. The use of supplementation (p = 0.03) and the hydration level (p = 0.04) were related to a higher incidence of soft stools in these athletes. Conclusion: High-performance exercise had a positive impact on bowel habit of athletes who had stool described as normal pattern. However, the use of supplements and the level of hydration changed the form of feces.
- ItemRestritoDermatite de contato alérgica e seu papel na quebra da homeostas intestinal(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2023-03-16) Mendes, Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Caroline Marcantonio [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2611231931842917; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3574041667771057Objetivo: O presente trabalho avaliou as alterações resultantes da dermatite de contato alérgica (DCA) no intestino, assim como a influência e a administração de um probiótico via gástrica, nessas possíveis alterações intestinais, causadas por essa doença de pele. Métodos: Utilizamos camundongos Balb/c fêmeas que foram distribuídos em quatro grupos experimentais, Basal, Controle, OXA e OXA/BL. Primeiramente, induzimos a DCA com duas aplicações de Oxazolona na pele ou seu veículo. Vinte e quatro horas após a última aplicação de Oxazolona, analisamos a morfológica da pele, microbiota intestinal, ácidos graxos de cadeia curta, citocinas, permeabilidade intestinal e alterações morfológicas, posteriormente avaliamos se o uso do probiótico Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BB536, administrado por via gavagem 10 dias antes da indução da DCA até 1 dia antes do desafio, resultando em 17 dias de tratamento, que seria efetivo na prevenção ou inibição das possíveis alterações intestinais. Resultado: Os dados mostram que o modelo DCA induzida por Oxazolona causa alterações na pele como aumento da espessura da pele, da derme, epiderme e infiltrado de células inflamatórias. Além disso, as alterações de pele induzidas por esse modelo também afetam o intestino. A primeira observação foi que a composição da microbiota intestinal foi afetada pela dermatite. O aumento da expressão de genes relacionados a citocinas inflamatórias como a IL-6 e diminuição de genes, relacionados a citocina anti-inflamatória, a IL-10, bem como diminuição da expressão de genes envolvidos com a permeabilidade intestinal Tjp1 e ATHO1. A avaliação da morfologia intestinal, mostra que a dermatite afeta principalmente o cólon distal aumentando a espessura da musculatura total e da mucosa. Ao tratar esses animais com probiótico, a fim de evitar essas alterações intestinais causada pela doença de pele, observamos que houve alteração da composição da microbiota intestinal e aumento da produção de um ácido graxo de cadeia curta, o acetato, aumento da expressão de citocina anti-inflamatória IL-10 e redução da IL-6. Houve também melhora da expressão de genes relacionadas a melhora da barreira intestinal, Tjp1 e ATHO1. Quando avaliado a morfologia do intestino, o tratamento com probiótico não promove melhora das alterações morfológicas, causada pela DCA. Por fim, avaliamos se o probiótico utilizado para prevenir ou atenuar alterações intestinais poderia afetar também a pele. Observamos que o tratamento com probiótico afetou apenas a espessura de pele. Conclusão: A DCA promoveu alterações morfológicas, moleculares e de micro-organismos no intestino, possivelmente tornando o ambiente propicio para o desenvolvimento de patologias intestinais. Entretanto, o tratamento com probiótico reverteu algumas das alterações promovidas pela DCA, indicando que o tratamento com essas bactérias, benéficas, pode ser uma importante ferramenta estratégica para prevenir o desenvolvimento de doenças inflamatórias intestinais a longo prazo, em pacientes com doença de pele.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)O efeito da adição de goma chantana na dieta sobre o processo inflamatório intestinal e ao desenvolvimento do câncer em ratos Wistar inoculados com Tumor de Walker 256(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-08-29) Silva, Alessandra Rischiteli Braganca [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Claudia Maria da Penha Oller do [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9974551337615485; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Gonçalves, Daniela Caetano [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7125541171554727; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5735514073305152; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6721770012487042; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Xanthan gum is a thickening agent used daily and continuously by patients with dysphagia as a diet ingredient. In the food industry, xanthan gum has been generally used as an additive to improve texture and palatability, especially of the ultra process foods, and gluten-free preparations. Although xanthan gum has been studied since the fifties regarding its properties and qualities as a food additive, the use of this substance has been increasing as a regular food ingredient. Our hypothesis is that the continuous use of xanthan gum can promote both systemic and intestinal chronic pro-inflammatory state and also facilitate tumor development. In this present thesis, two different experimental models were used: 1 – addition of xanthan gum to the diet of young rats inoculated with Walker 256 tumor, with the objective of evaluating xanthan gum effect in the inflammatory process and tumor growth; 2 – addition of increasing doses of xanthan gum to the diet of adult rats with the objective of evaluating inflammatory process and intestinal permeability, especially in the distal colon. In the study 1, we have used 48 male Wistar rats. Treatment began when they were 30 days of age and they were divided into 4 groups: control diet (C), control diet with tumor (TC), xanthan gum diet (XG) and xanthan gum diet with tumor (TXG). Xanthan gum intake promoted changes in the cytokine content: increasing IL-6, TNF- α and IL10 in retroperitoneal adipose tissue compared to the control group; and increasing TNF-α in the mesenteric adipose tissue compared to the C and TXG groups. The continuous use of xanthan gum triggered a pro-inflammatory response, promoting an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the adipose tissue, but it did not have an effect on the tumor development in the Wistar rats inoculated with Walker 256 tumor cells. In the study 2, we have used 32 male Wistar rats. Treatment began when they were 90 days of age and they were divided into 4 groups: control diet (C); 1/4 of total dose diet (XG 1/4); 1/2 of total dose diet (XG 1/2) and total dose diet (XG 1). Diet with 1/2 of total dose had physiological effect on increasing IL-6 and TNF-α contents in the gastrocnemius muscle and increasing IL-6 in the retroperitoneal and epididymal adipose tissue. In the distal colon, there was a statistically significant increasing in the concentration of IL-1β in the XG 1/2 in relation to the C and XG 1, and a higher lymphocyte infiltration in the histological analysis. By immunohistochemical exam, an increasing presence of TNF-α and Claudin-2 were observed in all groups with xanthan gum diet compared to the control group. The addition of xanthan gum to the diet, especially in 1/2 of maximum permitted dose for dysphagic individuals, induced inflammatory process in the studied tissues followed by Claudin-2, TNF-α and lymphocyte infiltration alterations in the distal colon. This colon homeostasis modification can be partially responsible for the systemic pro-inflammatory state detected in the animals.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeito da administração da polpa de Juçara (Euterpe edulis mart) em camundongos tratados com dieta hiperlipídica e hipercalórica sobre parâmetros metabólicos, inflamação e permeabilidade intestinal(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-08-13) Silva, Fernanda Pinheiro Da [UNIFESP]; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Rosso, Veridiana Vera de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4938721558237749; Efeito da ingestão da polpa de juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart) em camundongos tratados com dieta hiperlipídica e hipercalórica sobre parâmetros metabólicos, inflamação, proteínas envolvidas na permeabilidade do intestino e microbiota bacteriana intestinal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7125541171554727; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7044481306126169; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Obesity is multifactorial disease and one of factor is an ingestion of hypercaloric diet rich in fat and ultra-processed food and poor in micronutrients and fiber. The ingestion of fruits, vegetable and leguminous is emphasize by benefits and proprieties to promote health. In this sense, some food rich in bioactive compounds are studied to prove their capacity to decrease the deleterious metabolic effect promoted by refined sugar and fat rich-diet. The goal of this study was evaluated the effect of jucara (Euterpe edulis Mart) supplementation, fruit rich in fiber and bioactive compound, majority anthocyanin, on metabolism, inflammation, and also, the intestinal permeability and fecal bacterial microbiome characterization in obese mice induced by hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet. Swiss mice were treated with hyperlipidic and hypercaloric diet supplemented or not with 0.5% and 2% of jucara pulp for sixteen weeks. Body composition and metabolic parameters were analyzed. Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated in different tissues. Proteins of TLR-4 pathway and tight junctions were quantified in the colon. Colon fecal bacterial microbiome characterization was done. The results showed that sixteen weeks treatment with hyperlipidic and hypercaloric diet was efficient to developing obesity in mice, changing both body composition and metabolism. On the other hand, the jucara supplementation did not alter statistically these parameters. We observed a physiological difference, decreasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines concentration in the epididymal adipose tissue depot, more evident in the 0.5% group compared to no supplemented one. Jucara supplementation decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines and TLR-4 protein content and did not modify the tight junction proteins. The main composition of bacteria of the colon belongs to Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes filo and the jucara did not modify this pattern. The ratio Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) was 0.87 in control group, indicating that Bacteroidetes abundance was higher than Firmicutes in lean animals. The opposite was observed in all hyperlipidic and hypercaloric diets, being the F/B ratio higher in the hypercaloric group (1.64) and lower in the groups treated with juçara pulp, at concentrations of 0.5 and 2% (1.17 and 1.58, respectively). The most expressive result was observed in the Firmicutes filo, specifically in the Erysipelotrichia class. The hyperlipidic diet increased the relative abundance compared to control group and jucara normalized to a control pattern. The hyperlipidic and hypercaloric diet supplemented with jucara for sixteen weeks did not modify the general metabolic aspects, but decreased the pro-inflammatory profile in the epididymal adipose tissue depot and colon. The exploratory analysis of the colon fecal bacterial microbiome was done and futures analysis of correlation with the metabolic and inflammatory parameter and the microbioma content could show the restrict relation between the intestine and the whole body metabolism.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeito da ingestão da farinha da semente de chia (Salvia Hispanica L) no cólon intestinal de camundongos obesos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-08-31) Miranda, Danielle Araujo de [UNIFESP]; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Obesity has been considered a public health issue worldwide, in which the main causes are the intake of a hypercaloric diet as well as sedentarism. It is often associated with with several other diseases such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. Increased intestinal permeability may favor endotoxemia generated by lipopolysaccharide, a substance present in the cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and consequently an increase in systemic inflammation and metabolic diseases. On the other hand, the consumption of a healthy diet can help in the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome. In this way, the chia seed (Salvia hispánica L.), rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, may present an anti-inflammatory role. In addition, chia is rich in antioxidants like caffeic acid and gallic acid, fiber and minerals. However, there are few studies involving chia seed, inflammatory mechanisms and intestinal permeability. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects of chia administration on intestinal permeability in obese mice. Swiss mice were treated with a hyperlipidic diet associated or not with supplementation with 3% chia flour for 16 weeks. We analyzed the metabolic profile, such as serum triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, glucose tolerance test, antioxidant enzyme activity and the quantification of inflammatory pathways and tight junctions of the intestinal colon. The results show that a hyperlipidic diet intake promoted an increase of the mesenteric white adipose tissue weight and in glucose intolerance, and a decrease in the activity of hepatic catalase and the amount of occludin in the intestinal colon. Supplementation with 3% of chia flour was not efficient in decreasing the deleterious effects of lipid-rich dietary intake. In addition, supplementation with chia worsened glucose intolerance in animals receiving a hyperlipidic diet whereas in animals receiving a control diet, supplementation decreased the amount of occludin in the intestinal colon. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of chia seems to be dependent of the quantity how It is offered, since our data are conflicting with those of the literature, however, it is important to note that most of the studies, unlike our protocol, used chia in the form of seed or oil, and not the flour.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEfeitos de uma sessão de exercicio fisico Downhill na permeabilidade intestinal de camundongos obesos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-08-29) Avila, Felipe [UNIFESP]; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
- ItemSomente MetadadadosInfluência da inflamação alérgica pulmonar na homeostasia intestinal(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-09-02) Nascimento, Carolina Martins [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Caroline Marcantonio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloThe incidence and prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are increasing worldwide, affecting mainly countries with western habits. Epidemiological data show that there is an important relationship between respiratory and intestinal diseases. Recent research indicates that inflammatory and immunological components of the mucosa are similar in the lung and intestine and that these similarities are one of the causes of the overlap of these diseases, the other causal factors include genetic and environmental factors. Knowing the interconnection between the pulmonary and intestinal mucosa and the overlap between respiratory and intestinal diseases, our aim was to investigate the influence of experimental pulmonary allergic inflammation induced by ovalbumin (OVA) on intestinal homeostasis. The experiments were carried out on A / J mice as it is one of the strains most susceptible to allergic airway inflammation and experimental colitis. The results obtained show that experimental allergic asthma induced by OVA caused shortening of the colon, increased myeloperoxidase in the distal colon mucosa, increased production of cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 in the colon, decreased production of neutral mucin in the mucosa of the colon and decreased integrity of the intestinal mucous layer. In conclusion, the data suggest that allergic pulmonary inflammation caused by OVA affects intestinal homeostasis.
- ItemRestritoA influência da microbiota intestinal no desenvolvimento da obesidade(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-12-20) Simoni, Julia De [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3983527783636073; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Atualmente um aumento crescente tem sido observado em indivíduos com sobrepeso e obesidade. A obesidade já é considerada pela OMS uma epidemia mundial. Inúmeras funções biológicas do tecido adiposo foram descobertas desde 1990, sendo reconhecida a obesidade como uma doença inflamatória de baixo grau. Estudos têm demonstrado que a microbiota intestinal, onde abrigamos mais de 100 trilhões de microorganismos, possui uma composição e qualidade diferente em indivíduos com obesidade, com interferência direta na epigenética, no sistema imunológico, no desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, aterosclerose, diabetes e neuropatias. Frente ao exposto, o objetivo do presente trabalho é realizar uma revisão integrativa da influência da microbiota intestinal na obesidade. Foram acessados artigos em plataformas como Scielo, Pubmed e livro específico relacionado aos fundamentos e estratégias práticas na modulação intestinal. Os estudos da presente revisão demonstraram que a disbiose intestinal tem como consequência a endotoxemia metabólica, o aumento da permeabilidade intestinal, a maior proliferação de bactérias gram-negativas e redução da produção de fatores inflamatórios, o que está associado a resistência a insulina, esteatose, inflamação do tecido adiposo, estando esse processo relacionado com a condição de obesidade.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)O papel do eixo intestino microbioma cérebro nas doenças neurológicas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2024-06-27) Calabrez, Bruna Contro [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Claudia Cristina Alves [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3199500117313184; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)O microbioma intestinal desempenha papel essencial em várias funções biológicas, como o metabolismo de xenobióticos, a fermentação de fibras dietéticas, síntese de vitaminas, defesa contra patógenos e regulação do sistema imunológico. Existe conexão entre o microbioma intestinal, o desenvolvimento e a progressão de várias doenças neurológicas, como enxaqueca, doença cerebrovascular, doença de Alzheimer, doença de Parkinson, esclerose múltipla, transtornos do espectro autista, transtorno depressivo maior, miastenia grave e epilepsia. Este trabalho tem como objetivo revisar na literatura aspectos que tragam associações e compreender melhor os mecanismos subjacentes entre o microbioma intestinal e doenças neurológicas. O levantamento dos dados da pesquisa evidencia que o desequilíbrio no microbioma intestinal (disbiose), pode influenciar o neurodesenvolvimento e a neuroinflamação, ao afetar diretamente a saúde mental e neurológica dos indivíduos. O eixo microbioma-intestino-cérebro emerge como uma via crítica de comunicação, mediada por mecanismos neurais, neuroendócrinos, inflamatórios e metabólicos. Por exemplo, alterações no microbioma intestinal têm sido associadas a mudanças na produção de neurotransmissores e na resposta imunológica, que contribuem para condições neurológicas como depressão e ansiedade. Modelos experimentais, incluindo animais livres de germes e transplantes de microbiota fecal, têm sido fundamentais para desvendar como o microbioma intestinal pode modular o comportamento e a fisiologia do hospedeiro. Estes estudos não apenas elucidam a influência do microbioma na função cerebral, mas também apontam para potenciais intervenções terapêuticas através da modulação do microbioma. Conclui-se que o microbioma intestinal desempenha papel integral na saúde neurológica, oferecendo novas perspectivas para o diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças neurológicas. Estudos futuros devem focar em entender as interações específicas entre microrganismos intestinais e o sistema nervoso central, bem como em desenvolver estratégias terapêuticas baseadas na modulação da microbiota intestinal para melhorar a saúde neurológica. Além disso, é essencial que futuras pesquisas se concentrem mais em estudos com seres humanos para validar e expandir as descobertas já obtidas em modelos animais.