Navegando por Palavras-chave "Hormones"

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    Absence of oxytocin in the central nervous system of the snake Bothrops jararaca
    (Springer, 2006-11-01) Lazari, Maria de Fatima Magalhaes [UNIFESP]; Alponti, Rafaela Fadoni; Freitas, Thalma Ariani; Breno, Maria Cristina; Conceição, Isaltino Marcelo da; Silveira, Paulo Flavio; Inst Butantan; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    We used four complementary techniques to investigate the presence of oxytocin peptide in the hypophysis and brain of the snake Bothrops jararaca. A high-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis failed to show oxytocin in extracts of hypophysial and brain tissues but provided estimative values of the amounts of vasotocin (12 ng/mg hypophysis and 0.5 ng/mg brain) and mesotocin (500 pg/mg hypophysis and 8 pg/mg brain). Western blots with a polyclonal anti-oxytocin antibody failed to detect oxytocin in both tissues but detected compounds with higher molecular weight than oxytocin, as well as a relatively weak cross-reactivity with mesotocin. the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis failed to detect the expression of oxytocin gene transcript, but detected a transcript related to the mesotocin-neurophysin precursor in both tissues. Immunohistochemistry with the same anti-oxytocin antibody detected strong staining in the neurohypophysis and in few fibers in the inner zone of the median eminence, which was not abolished by pre-adsorption of this antibody with oxytocin, vasopressin, vasotocin or mesotocin and might not be attributed to oxytocin. in conclusion, our data demonstrate the absence of oxytocin in the central nervous system of the snake B. jararaca and underline the pitfalls that can result from the use of a single technique to investigate the presence of peptides in tissues.
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    Are endogenous sex hormones related to DNA damage in paradoxically sleep-deprived female rats?
    (Elsevier B.V., 2010-02-01) Andersen, Monica Levy [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki [UNIFESP]; Alvarenga, Tathiana Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Silva, Andressa [UNIFESP]; Araujo, Paula [UNIFESP]; Zager, Adriano [UNIFESP]; Tenório, Neuli Maria [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The aim of this investigation was to evaluate overall DNA damage induced by experimental paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) in estrous-cycling and ovariectomized female rats to examine possible hormonal involvement during DNA damage. Intact rats in different phases of the estrous cycle (proestrus, estrus, and diestrus) or ovariectomized female Wistar rats were subjected to PSD by the single platform technique for 96 h or were maintained for the equivalent period as controls in home-cages. After this period, peripheral blood and tissues (brain, liver, and heart) were collected to evaluate genetic damage using the single cell gel (comet) assay. the results showed that PSD caused extensive genotoxic effects in brain cells, as evident by increased DNA migration rates in rats exposed to PSD for 96 h when compared to negative control. This was observed for all phases of the estrous cycle indistinctly. in ovariectomized rats, PSD also led to DNA damage in brain cells. No significant statistically differences were detected in peripheral blood, the liver or heart for all groups analyzed. in conclusion, our data are consistent with the notion that genetic damage in the form of DNA breakage in brain cells induced by sleep deprivation overrides the effects related to endogenous female sex hormones. (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Can Ayahuasca and sleep loss change sexual performance in male rats?
    (Elsevier B.V., 2014-10-01) Alvarenga, Tathiana A. [UNIFESP]; Polesel, D. N. [UNIFESP]; Matos, G. [UNIFESP]; Garcia, V. A.; Costa, J. L.; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Andersen, M. L. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande Sul PUCRS; Criminalist Inst São Paulo
    The ingestion of the beverage Ayahuasca usually occurs in religious ceremonies that are performed during the night leading to sleep deprivation. the purpose of the present study was to characterize the acute effects of Ayahuasca upon the sexual response of sleep deprived male rats. One group of sexually experienced male Wistar rats were submitted to a paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) protocol for 96 h, while another group spent the same amount of time in the home cage (CTRL). After this period, either saline or Ayahuasca drink (250, 500 and 1000 mu g mL(-1)) was administered by gavage and sexual behavior and hormonal concentrations were measured. Ayahuasca alone significantly decreased sexual performance at all doses. However, in sleep deprived rats, the lower dose increased sexual performance while the intermediate dose produced a detrimental effect on sexual response compared to the CTRL rats at the same dose. Regarding the hormonal analyses, a lower testosterone concentration was observed in sleepdeprived saline rats in relation to the CTRL group. Progesterone was significantly lower only in PSD rats at the dose 500 mu g mL(-1) compared with CTRL-500 mu g mL(-1) group. Corticosterone was unchanged among the groups evaluated. Our results suggest that Ayahuasca intake markedly impaired sexual performance alone, but, when combined with sleep deprivation, had significant, but heterogeneous, effects on male sexual response. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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    Collection time of Thyroid hormones and TSH in preterm newborns
    (Drunpp-sarajevo, 2011-01-01) Moraes, Simone Holzer de; Espiridião, Silvia [UNIFESP]; Fonseca, Fernando Luiz Affonso [UNIFESP]; Abreu, Luiz Carlos de [UNIFESP]; Valenti, Vitor Engrácia [UNIFESP]; Souto, Ricardo Peres do; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: In this study we aimed to evaluate the collection time of T3, free T4 and TSH in preterm newborns.Methods: Prospective study, composed of 85 preterm newborns (PTI) as the gestational age stratified into four groups: Group A: n = 18 (less than 30 weeks); Group B: n = 13 (30 + 1 / 7-32 weeks); Group C: n = 19 (32 + 1 / 7 to 34 weeks) and; Group D: n = 35 (34 + 1 / 7 to 36 weeks). The collections of T3, T4 and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were collected by chemiluminescence in six stages: 1 - umbilical cord; 2 - 3 days old; 3 - 7 days old; 4 - 14 days old; 5 - 30 days old and; 6 - 60 days old.Results: We observed significant differences until the dosage of 30 days, for free T4 between groups A and D; for the T3 between A and B groups with C and D groups. In the comparison between the times the time 1 was significantly different for TSH and T3.Conclusion: The hormone levels are gradually lower the lower the gestational age and the minimum ideal time for the collection of tests is from the 3(rd) day of life for TSH and the 7(th) day to the T4 and T3.
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    Eating disorders in adolescents: Correlations between symptoms and central control of eating behavior
    (Elsevier B.V., 2011-01-01) Lofrano-Prado, Mara Cristina [UNIFESP]; Prado, Wagner Luiz do; Piano, Aline de [UNIFESP]; Tock, Lian [UNIFESP]; Caranti, Danielle Arisa [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Claudia Maria da Penha Oller do [UNIFESP]; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio de [UNIFESP]; Dâmaso, Ana Raimunda [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Pernambuco
    The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between eating disorders (binge eating and bulimia nervosa) and body image dissatisfaction with BMI, anorexigenic and orexigenic factors in adolescents. Thirty-two adolescents, (13 obese [BMI = 36.65 +/- 5.68] and 19 non-obese [BMI = 22.18 +/- 3.11]), aged between 14 and 19 y, were recruited. Symptoms of eating disorders were measured by self-report questionnaires (BSQ BITE and BES). Hormones, cytokines and neuropeptides were determined by Elisa kits (Phoenix peptide). A positive correlation was found between: leptin and BES (r = .724), BSQ(r = .705) and BITE (r = .696); BMI and BES (r = .663), BSQ (r = .525) and BITE (r = .732); the same pattern was observed to insulin and TNF-alpha. A negative correlation was found in alpha-MSH and AgRP with BES, BSQ and BITE. Blood levels of hormones and neuropeptides could be the link between obesity and eating disorders in adolescents. However, it is not clear which is the cause and which is the consequence. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Efeito do exercício físico resistido na função cradíaca de ratos submetidos à privação de sono paradoxal
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-02-26) Giampá, Sara Quaglia de Campos [UNIFESP]; Antunes, Hanna Karen Moreira [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1464519773053362; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4572426176323109; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Paradoxical sleep deprivation is able to an increase of sympathetic activity, recognized by increased blood pressure with concomitant activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. These changes may culminate a series of physiological damage, especially on cardiovascular health. Thus, the adoption of strategies to minimize such effects become necessary, so resistance exercise has excelled because of the important hemodynamic, structural, metabolic and endocrine adaptations that alone or integrated can attenuate the losses associated to this condition. Purpose: The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation for 96 hours on cardiac function in rats, submitted or not resistance training protocol. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into 5 groups: control (CNTL), resistance training (GTR), SHAM, paradoxical sleep deprivation for 96 hours (GPSP96) and resistance training subsequently submitted to paradoxical sleep deprivation (GTR/PSP96). The GTR and GTR/PSP96 groups were exercised by 5x/week for 8 weeks, with progressive load. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, the PSP96 and GTR/PS96 were submitted to paradoxical sleep deprivation using the modified multiple platform method. Posteriorly, the animals were evaluated for anabolic (IGF-1, testosterone) and catabolic (corticosterone) hormonal profile, thyroid hormones and C-reactive protein, as well as its structure (histomorphometry) and cardiac function (Doppler echocardiography, hemodynamic and study of contractility myocardial in vitro). For statistical analysis, the normality of the data was verified by Shapiro Wilk test. The Student t test for independent samples was performed (between two groups), and to compare all experimental groups, we used ANOVA one-way or two-way for repeated measures (time and group), with adjusted post hoc for n. In the procedure of isolated cardiac muscle mechanics, the slope and the area under the curve using linear regression were calculated. The statistical significance adopted was p ≤ 0.05. Results: Deprivation of paradoxical sleep for 96 hours led to a catabolic condition characterized by a decrease in the levels of IGF-1, testosterone and corticosterone increased in animals GPSP96 group and the resistance training was an effective strategy to attenuate this disruption observed. Moreover this adverse condition promoted significant changes in cardiac structure and function, with emphasis on hypertrophy and fibrosis of the heart, increased systolic left ventricular pressure, heart rate and cardiac output, while increasing echocardiographic variables that designate a possible ventricular dysfunction and reduction of related parameters assessed by myocardial contractility in vitro study. Among these variables, systolic left ventricular pressure, cardiac output, cardiac index and stroke work index were attenuated by prior resistance training. Conclusion: The paradoxical sleep deprivation for 96 hours promoted losses on hormone axis, cardiac structure and function, and resistance exercise was an effective strategy for attenuating hormonal dysregulation and cardiovascular alterations observed.
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    Efeitos da hiperprolactinemia sobre o útero de camundongos no proestro
    (Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 2009-08-01) Gomes, Regina Célia Teixeira [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Patrícia Bedesco de [UNIFESP]; Rossi, Alexandre Guilherme Zabeu [UNIFESP]; Baracat, Maria Cândida Pinheiro; Simões, Ricardo Santos; Baracat, Edmund Chada [UNIFESP]; Soares Junior, José Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de Santo Amaro; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    PURPOSE: to evaluate the effect of hyperprolactinemia induced by metoclopramide on the endometrium and myometrium of female mice in the proestrus phase. METHODS: 24 female mice were randomly divided in two groups: CtrG/control and ExpG/treated with metoclopramide (6.7 mg/g daily). After 50 days, the animals were sacrificed in the proestrus phase, and the blood was collected to determine the levels of estradiol, progesterone and prolactin. The uterine horns were removed, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed before being included in paraffin. Slices of 4 µm were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H/E). In the morphological analysis, a Carl Zeiss light microscope, with objectives varying from 4 to 400 X was used for each histological slice characterization. In the morphometrical analysis, the superficial epithelium, the lamina propria and the myometrium thickness were evaluated, with the help of an image analyzer (AxionVision - Carl Zeiss) attached to the light microscope (Carl Zeiss). The statistical analysis was done by ANOVA, followed by the Wilcoxon test. P-value was considered as significant, when <0.05. RESULTS: our findings have shown an increase in the seric levels of prolactin (295.6±38.0 ng/mL) and significant decrease in the progesterone levels (11.3±0.9 ng/mL) in the ExpG, as compared to the CtrG (45.5±5.2 ng/mL and 18.2±1.6 ng/mL, respectively; p<0.001). Concerning the seric level of estradiol, significant differences between the groups were not obtained (ExpG=119.1±12.3 pg/mL and CtrG=122.7±8.4 pg/mL; p=0.418). The morphological study has shown that the uterus from the ExpG presented the endometrium with more developed superficial epithelium and lamina propria, as compared to the CtrG, the same happening with the myometrium. The thickness morphometrical values of the luminal epithelium (8.0±1.1 µm) and endometrium (116.2±21.1x10² µm) from the CtrG were lower than the ones from the ExpG (10.2±0.8 µm and 163.2±23.3x10² µm, respectively) with p<0.05. Nevertheless, data obtained in the myometrium have not shown significant differences between the groups (CtrG=152.2±25.2x10² µm and ExpG=140.8±18.0x10² µm). CONCLUSIONS: data have shown that hyperprolactinemia induced by metoclopramide determines endometrial proliferation and interferes with the ovarian function, mainly in the progesterone production.
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    Epilepsy and exercise: An experimental study in female rats
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Campos, Diego Vannucci [UNIFESP]; Lopim, Glauber Menezes [UNIFESP]; da Silva, Daiana Aparecida [UNIFESP]; de Almeida, Alexandre Aparecido [UNIFESP]; Amado, Debora [UNIFESP]; Arida, Ricardo Mario [UNIFESP]
    Objective: Epilepsy is the most common neurological chronic condition worldwide, affecting about 2% of world population. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) reaches 40% of all cases of this condition, and it is highly refractory to pharmacological treatment. Physical activity has been suggested as complementary therapy for epilepsy. However, there is no consistent information whether all these effects are plenty applicable to females, since clinical and experimental studies concerning physical exercise and epilepsy are largely performed in males. Females are worthy of special attention due to gender specific particularities such as hormonal cyclical rhythm and possible pregnancy. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of two types of exercise programs (Forced and Voluntary) in female Wistar rats submitted to temporal lobe epilepsy induced by pilocarpine. Methods: Animals were divided into four groups: Control (healthy), Epilepsy, Epilepsy/Forced (exercise in a treadmill) and Epilepsy/Voluntary (free access to wheel). Behavioral and histological analyses were evaluated among groups. Results: Voluntary exercise was able to reduce seizure frequency and anovulatory estrous cycle occurrence. Yet, both types of exercise attenuated the mossy fiber sprouting in dentate gyrus. Conclusion: Our results indicate that voluntary exercise exerts a positive effect on epilepsy in female gender. Further investigations are necessary to better elucidate mechanisms involved in these responses, since these effects do not act in the same manner in male and female rats. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.
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    Estudo comportamental e neuroquímico das diferenças sexuais durante o desenvolvimento de um modelo de doença de Alzheimer induzido pela proteína beta-amilóide em ratos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-02-22) Medeiros, Andre de Macedo [UNIFESP]; Silva, Regina Helena da [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0101190051087933; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3709214655573719; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    A  doença  de  Alzheimer  (DA)  é  um  transtorno  neurodegenerativo  que  compromete drasticamente a qualidade de vida de seus portadores e familiares. Sua  fisiopatologia  não  foi  completamente  esclarecida  e,  portanto,  as  terapias  hoje  existentes  se  limitam  a  tratar  os  sintomas.  Muito  do  que  se  sabe  sobre  a  DA  é  oriundo  de  pesquisas  utilizando  modelos  animais  de  roedores.  Graças  a  esses  modelos,  foram  descobertos  os  principais  fundamentos  mecanicistas  da  DA  e  foi  possível  a  realização  de  ensaios  pré­clínicos  para  o  desenvolvimento  de  novas  estratégicas  terapêuticas.  Diversos  trabalhos  da  literatura  mostram  que  a  prevalência  de  DA  é  maior  em  mulheres  do  que  em  homens.  Entretanto,  sabe­se  muito pouco sobre o fenômeno por trás dessa discrepância entre os sexos. O atual  trabalho  pretende  estudar  o  possível  dimorfismo  sexual  em  aspectos  comportamentais e neuroquímicos através de um modelo animal de DA. Para tanto,  avaliamos  temporalmente  aspectos  cognitivos  e  não  cognitivos  de  ratos  Wistar  machos e fêmeas com 6 meses de idade através das tarefas de reconhecimento de  objeto  novo,  teste  de  enterrar  bolas  de  gude,  teste  de  preferência  por  sacarose,  teste de interação social e medo condicionado ao contexto. Os animais de ambos os  sexos  integraram  3  grupos  experimentais:  animais  cirurgiados  que  permaneceram  em  suas  gaiolas  moradia e  não  foram  infundidos (HC) e  animais infundidos  cronicamente com salina tampão­fosfato  (PBS) ou com peptídeos beta­amilóide Aβ (40/42) durante 10 dias. Nossos principais  resultados indicam que as infusões com  Aβ induziram comprometimento  cognitivo  diferencial  entre  os  sexos  na  tarefa  de  reconhecimento  de  objetos.  Machos  infudidos com Aβ sofreram deficit precoce e mais  acentuado  do  que  fêmeas.  O  efeito  da Aβ dependente  do  sexo  também  foi  observado  no  comportamento  de  ansiedade.  Fêmeas  que  receberam Aβ apresantaram maior  nível  de  ansiedade  na tarefa  de  enterrar  bolas,  enquanto  que  nos  machos  ocorreu  o  perfil  inverso.  Embora  fêmeas  tenham  ingerido  maior  quantidade  de  sacarose  em  comparação  com  os  machos,  o  comportamento  anedônico  não  foi  afetado  pela Aβ.  Além  disso,  a Aβ provocou desinibição social para  a  interação  ativa  especificamente  em fêmeas,  enquanto  o  déficit  de memória  aversiva na tarefa de medo condicionado ao contexto induzido pela Aβ ocorreu independentemente  do  sexo.  Por  fim,  a  infusão  crônica de Aβ aumentou acentuadamente  a  concentração de  corticosterona  em  ambos  os  sexos,  embora  a  concentração  desse  hormônio  seja maior  nas  fêmeas  do  que  em  machos.  A  detecção de deposição das fibrilas de Aβ foi feita através de coloração com tioflavina  S e  a  imunohistoquímica  para  BDNF  mostrou  uma  maior  quantidade  de  células  BDNF  positivas  nas  porções  central,  lateral  e  basal  da  amígdala  em  machos,  enquanto  na  região  CA3  hipocampal  esse  aumento  foi  maior  em fêmeas.  Além  disso, as infusões de Aβ reduziram a quantidade de células BDNF positivas no giro  denteado  independentemente  do  sexo,  mas  nas  porções  basal  e  central  da  amígdala  essa  redução  foi  observada  apenas  em  fêmeas. Introduzimos  aqui  um  meio  que  permite  refinar  a  avaliação comportamental  em modelos  animais  de  DA.  Os achados sugerem que a Aβ modula aspectos cognitivos e não cognitivos diferencialmente  entre  os  sexos.  O estado  hormonal  e  alterações  em  fatores  neurotróficos podem ser mecanismos relevantes envolvidos nos efeitos específicos  ao sexo no modelo.
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    Estudo de tratamentos de efluentes contendo fármacos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-02-02) Aguilar, Diogo Martins [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Marcella Alencar Imaeda de [UNIFESP]; Moraes, José Ermírio Ferreira de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4692364565124711
    Os fármacos são produtos essenciais para a vida contemporânea. Porém, no processo de produção destes fármacos, são gerados efluentes que, frequentemente, apresentam compostos tóxicos e/ou refratários, capazes de alterar os comportamentos biológicos dos seres vivos. Assim, tais efluentes devem ser adequadamente tratados para que não provoquem danos ao meio ambiente. O presente estudo visa contextualizar a problemática dos efluentes contendo fármacos, além da apresentação e comparação entre diferentes métodos de tratamento a partir de uma análise crítica de artigos, livros e informações disponíveis em diferentes bases de dados de pesquisa científica. Os contaminantes pesquisados foram: antibióticos e hormônios. Os processos de tratamento de efluentes estudados foram: processos biológicos, adsorção e tecnologias avançadas. Observou-se que cada processo de tratamento tem suas peculiaridades. Pelos dados levantados constatou-se que o processo foto-Fenton, que é um dos processos oxidativos avançados mais difundidos, tem sido muito estudado para a remoção de antibióticos, apresentando resultados muito promissores (remoção de mais de 80% do carbono orgânico total em apenas 30 minutos de batelada) Observou-se que nos processos biológicos estudados (sistema de lodos ativados, filtro biológico percolador e reator UASB) fatores como tempo de retenção hidráulica, tempo de retenção de sólidos, incidência de luz solar favorecem a obtenção de altas eficiências de remoção dos hormônios (E1, E2 e EE2). A associação em série de processos de tratamentos é promissora uma vez que o objetivo desta técnica é aprimorar o processo, empregando de forma eficiente os recursos, alcançando melhores resultados.
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    Evaluation of breathing exercise in hormonal and immunological responses in patients undergoing abdominal surgery
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2013-05-01) Carneiro, Élida Mara; Ramos, Marisa de Carvalho; Terra, Guilherme Azevedo; Rodrigues Júnior, Virmondes; Matos, Delcio [UNIFESP]; Crema, Eduardo; UFTM Department of Surgery; UFTM Department of Immunology; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of sustained deep inspiration in the prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications, the hormonal and immunological responses in patients submitted to abdominal surgery. METHODS: This randomized clinical trial study included 75 patients submitted to abdominal surgery, of which 36 were randomly allocated in the experimental group and underwent sustained deep inspiration during five seconds, in three sets of ten repetitions per day. The others 39 patients were allocated in the control group and were not submitted to any breathing exercise. The following parameters were measured preoperatively, 24h and 48h postoperatively: chest x-ray, serum ACTH, cortisol, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF 25-75), forced vital capacity (FVC), paO2 and paCO2. RESULTS: Mean serum cortisol in patients of the experimental and control groups before surgery were 12.8 mcg/dl (4.6-50) and 10.48 mcg/dl (1-29.1), respectively (p=0.414). The experimental group had significantly increase in serum cortisol levels, 23.6 mcg/dl (9.3-45.8), especially 24h postoperatively (p=0.049). CONCLUSION: Sustained deep inspiration in patients submitted to abdominal surgery determined important changes in serum cortisol, however, without significantly influence the postoperative pulmonary complications and the endocrine and immune responses
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    Fatores hepatotróficos e regeneração hepática. Parte I: o papel dos hormônios
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2001-09-01) Gorla Junior, José Antonio; Fagundes, Djalma José [UNIFESP]; Parra, Osório Miguel; Zaia, Cássia Thaís Bussamra Vieira; Bandeira, César Orlando Peralta; Taha, Murched Omar [UNIFESP]; Universidade Estadual de Londrina Faculdade de Medicina Hospital Universitário; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual de Londrina Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas; Universidade Estadual de Maringá Curso de Medicina
    Regarding the cell proliferative process, hormones can show different actions when reach tissue receptors. HGF, TGF-alpha, IL-6, TNF-alpha, norepinefrin, EGF and insulin are known to be the main factors connected to liver growth. GH enhances DNA synthesis and gene expression of HGF as well as stimulates liver to produce growth factors. Thyroid hormones improve hepatocyte s proliferative capacity. Insulin isn t a primary mitogenic but enhances regenerative stimulation started by epinephrine and norepinephrine. Norepinephrine amplifies mitogenic signals of EGF and HGF. Moreover induces EGF secretion and antagonizes inhibitory efects of TGF-beta 1. Glucagon doesn t produce effects alone but, probably participates of DNA synthesis and homeostasic process by wich glicemia is kept steady during regeneration. Finaly, there are clues that gastrin may promote hepatotrophic effects.
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    Fisiopatologia da menopausa e o manejo terapêutico dos seus sintomas associados
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2023-06-26) Braz, Naomi Matsura [UNIFESP]; Telles, Monica Marques [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8143359335123923; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4202281074464071
    A menopausa, um processo fisiológico que marca o final da fase reprodutiva feminino. Sua ocorrência é determinada quando há pelo menos 12 meses seguidos de amenorreia decorrente da exaustão folicular completa, significando o fim da capacidade de reprodução da mulher. A transição entre a perimenopausa até a menopausa, pode durar meses ou até mesmo de 4 a 6 anos. Neste período, a mulher passa por diversas mudanças hormonais, como a diminuição dos níveis de estradiol e aumento de hormônio folículo estimulante (FSH), que levam à ocorrência de sintomas fisiológicos, principalmente suores noturnos e ondas de calor, alterações emocionais do tipo depressão e/ou ansiedade, sobrepeso/obesidade, entre outros. Tendo em vista os diferentes aspectos que podem afetar a qualidade de vida da mulher no período de transição perimenopausa, o presente estudo tem como objetivo abordar e revisar a literatura sobre as opções farmacológicas disponíveis para o manejo dos diversos sintomas associados ao processo fisiológico da menopausa.
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    Food restriction or sleep deprivation: Which exerts a greater influence on the sexual behaviour of male rats?
    (Elsevier B.V., 2009-09-14) Alvarenga, Tathiana A. [UNIFESP]; Andersen, Monica L. [UNIFESP]; Velazquez-Moctezuma, Javier; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Autonoma Metropolitana
    The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of food restriction (FR) and paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD), either alone or in combination, on sexual behaviours (mount, intromission and ejaculation) in adult male rats. Diet restriction began at weaning with 6 g/day of food, and the amount of food was increased by 1 g/week until it reached 15 g/day amount (in adulthood). During adulthood, rats under FR and those fed ad libitum were either subjected to PSD for 96 h or maintained in home-cage groups. the results indicated that both FR and ad libitum sleep-deprived groups showed a significant decrease in performance and motivation to initiate sexual behaviour, reflected by the increase in mount and intromission latencies and decreased copulatory rate. FR associated with PSD reversed the adverse effects of sleep deprivation on the number of ejaculations and inter-copulatory interval. Testosterone concentrations decreased after sleep deprivation, regardless of food availability; while progesterone was significantly higher in the FR-PSD group only. in light of the limited understanding of the link between secretion patterns and neural-hormonal control of food availability related to sexual behaviour, our data indicate that sleep loss affects sexual responses, and FR was able to restore some of the sexual parameters investigated. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Genetics of Erectile Dysfunction: A Review of the Interface between Sex and Molecular Biomarkers
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011-11-01) Andersen, Monica L. [UNIFESP]; Guindalini, Camila [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction. in recent years, new tools for the study of molecular biology and genetics have resulted in significant contributions to the scientific community. the potential use of genetic variations as biomarkers in the management of current and future conditions is generating considerable excitement in health care for disorders such as erectile dysfunction (ED).Aim. This review briefly describes the molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in ED and provides an overall view of the literature relevant to possible relationships between genetic factors and ED.Methods. This is a narrative review of studies on the potential influence of polymorphisms on the risk of developing ED.Main Outcome Measure. We reviewed genetic association studies involving polymorphisms and the ED phenotype.Results. There is growing evidence for the influence of genetic polymorphisms on the risk of ED and on the interindividual variability in sildenafil treatment.Conclusions. Although this field is still in its infancy, genetic association studies aimed at defining a molecular basis for ED have provided some important evidence that a patient's genotype may be used in the future to assess risk, as well as to plan treatment and prevention programs in the clinic. Andersen ML, Guindalini C, and Tufik S. Genetics of erectile dysfunction: A review of the interface between sex and molecular biomarkers. J Sex Med 2011;8:3030-3039.
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    Hiperplasia sebácea cutânea: estudo piloto para a correlação da doença com hormônios androgênios
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia, 2011-10-01) Tagliolatto, Sandra; Alchorne, Maurício Mota de Avelar [UNIFESP]; Enokihara, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    BACKGROUND: The sebaceous glands are susceptible to the effects of androgens. A benign proliferation of these hormones, i.e. hyperplasia, occurs with age. OBJECTIVES: This was a pilot study to demonstrate whether any correlation exists between circulating androgen levels and an increase in the incidence of sebaceous hyperplasia. METHODS: Sixteen female patients with a diagnosis of sebaceous hyperplasia were compared to a control group of females of a similar age without the disease. Blood tests were performed on participants of both groups to measure circulating androgen levels (free and total testosterone and androstenedione levels). Results were tabulated for statistical analysis. RESULTS: These data showed no statistically significant differences in circulating androgen levels between the patients with sebaceous hyperplasia and the control group. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that no significant changes occur in circulating androgen levels [free and total testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate] in patients with sebaceous hyperplasia.
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    Hormonal and metabolic responses on overtraining syndrome (eros) - the eros study
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-03-29) Cadegiani, Flavio Adsuara [UNIFESP]; Kater, Claudio Elias [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1250728429385385; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1780670748106294; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purposes: Overtraining syndrome (OTS) is a disorder resulted from the combination of excessive training load and lack of adequate resting, which lead to a decrease in sport-specific performance and fatigue. There is a lack of knowledge about its pathophysiology and etiology of OTS. We designed the EROS study to evaluate the endocrine and metabolic responses in OTS, and addressed most of the challenging issues that limit the establishment of an adequate study methodology for OTS. Methods: We used multiple-step selection criteria, including several clinical and biochemical evaluations, to increase the accuracy of sample selection for the overtraining syndrome (OTS), healthy athlete (ATL) and healthy non-physically active (NCS) groups. The subjects underwent multiple rounds of interviews and biochemical and stimulation tests for the EROS-HPA axis, EROS-STRESS, EROS-BASAL and EROS-PROFILE arms of the EROS study. Results: A total of 51 subjects were selected (34.2% of the 146 initially recruited subjects). The baseline characteristics of the groups were similar, with the exception of body fat percentage, which was slightly lower in the ATL group. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study on OTS, and is the first to compare OTS subjects with physically active and also nonactive healthy subjects, and to perform gold-standard and exercise-independent tests, with multiple novel findings. Practical applications: The results of the EROS study will likely help improve the approach to the athlete, by providing useful information in regards to prevention, early identification and real underlying mechanisms of OTS.
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    Hormonal, metabolic and perceptual responses to different resistance training systems
    (Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2010-06-01) Charro, M. A.; Aoki, Marcelo Saldanha; Coutts, A. J.; Araújo, Ronaldo de Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Bacurau, Reury Frank Pereira; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Univ Sao Caetano do Sul; Univ Technol Sydney; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Aim. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of different resistance training systems (Multiple-set [MS] and Pyramid [P]) on hormonal, metabolic and perceptual markers of internal load.Methods. Ten healthy men performed two resistance training sessions (MS and P) which consisted of three exercises (bench press, peck deck and decline bench press) with the same total volume of load lifted. The training sessions were performed 14 days apart and allocated in a counter-balanced order. Hormonal (plasma insulin, growth hormone [GH], testosterone and cortisol) and metabolic (blood glucose and lactate) responses were assessed before and after each exercise bout. Session rating of perceived exertion (session RPE) was taken 30-min following each bout.Results. No difference was observed for session-RPE between P and MS bouts (P>0.05). Plasma GH, cortisol and lactate increased significantly after exercise both bouts (P<0.01), but there were no significant changes between MS and P (P>0.05).Conclusion. It is concluded that the acute bout of resistance exercise following MS and P systems provide similar training strain when the total volume of load lifted is matched.
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    Impact of adrenalectomy and dexamethasone treatment on testicular morphology and sperm parameters in rats: insights into the adrenal control of male reproduction
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014-11-01) Silva, Erick José Ramo da [UNIFESP]; Vendramini, Vanessa [UNIFESP]; Restelli, Adriana Ester [UNIFESP]; Bertolla, Ricardo Pimenta [UNIFESP]; Kempinas, Wilma De Grava; Avellar, Maria Christina Werneck [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    Here we investigated the hypothesis that normal levels of glucocorticoids, a class of adrenal steroid hormones, are required for normal testicular and epididymal functions. We examined the effects of the manipulation of glucocorticoid plasma levels by bilateral adrenalectomy (1, 2, 7 and 15days) alone or in combination with daily treatment with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX; 5g/kg, i.p., 6days) on the morphology of the testis and sperm parameters in rats. We showed that adrenalectomy led to a reduction in testicular sperm count and daily sperm production starting 2days after surgery and a differential decrease in sperm count in the epididymis, according to the region and time post-adrenalectomy analysed. in parallel, testes from 7-day adrenalectomized (ADX) rats displayed a higher frequency of damaged seminiferous tubules and the presence of elongated spermatids retained in the basal epithelial compartment in stages IX-XVII, which is indicative of defective spermiation. the alkaline comet assay revealed a late effect of adrenalectomy on epididymal sperm DNA fragmentation, which was increased only 15days after surgery. DEX treatment prevented the changes in testicular and epididymal sperm count observed in 7-day ADX rats, but failed to protect the testis from ADX-induced morphological abnormalities. Thus, our results indicated that glucocorticoids may be involved in events related to the maintenance of spermatogenesis and sperm maturation during adulthood. These findings provide new insights into the importance of adrenal steroids to male fertility.
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    Impact of sex on hyperalgesia induced by sleep loss
    (Elsevier B.V., 2011-01-01) Araujo, Paula [UNIFESP]; Mazaro-Costa, Renata; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Andersen, Monica Levy [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)
    This study evaluated the impact of sex on the short term consequences of different periods of sleep deprivation and the effect of the respective sleep recovery periods on nociceptive responses. Male and female C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the following groups: paradoxical sleep deprived (PSD) for 72 h, sleep restricted (SR) for 15 days, exposed to respective recovery periods for 24 h, or untreated home-cage controls (CTRL). Mice were submitted to a noxious thermal stimulus to evaluate their nociceptive response after PSD, SR, or recovery periods. Blood was collected for hormonal analysis. the nociceptive response was significantly lower in PSD and SR mice compared to CTRL animals, regardless of the sex. However, SR females had a lower paw withdrawal threshold than males. Sleep recovery was able to restore normal nociceptive sensitivity after PSD in both sexes. the hyperalgesia induced by SR was not reversed by sleep rebound. in females, low concentrations of estradiol were found after SR, and these concentrations continued to decrease after 24 hours of sleep recovery. the PSD male mice exhibited higher concentrations of corticosterone than the CTRL and SR male mice. Corticosterone levels were not affected by SR. Our study revealed that PSD and SR induce hyperalgesia in mice. the SR groups showed marked changes in the nociceptive response, and the females were more sensitive to these alterations. This finding indicates that, although different periods of sleep deprivation change the nociceptive sensitivity in male and female mice, sex could influence hyperalgesia induced by chronic sleep loss. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.