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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Aspectos temporais auditivos: produção de conhecimento em quatro periódicos nacionais(CEFAC Saúde e Educação, 2011-10-01) Terto, Sulamita Da Silva Marcelino; Lemos, Stela Maris Aguiar [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Acadêmica do curso de Fonoaudiologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: this article was produced based on a review of articles published since 2005 in four major national journals in the fields of Speech (Pró-Fono Revista de Atualização Científica, Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia, Revista CEFAC and Revista Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia) on the temporal aspects of hearing. This study points out to three addressed issues: temporal aspects, temporal ordering and temporal resolution. PURPOSE: to delineate the profile of knowledge production in the area of auditory temporal aspects with reference to four national journals. CONCLUSION: the survey conducted in this research showed that there is a small number of national studies related to the issue concerning the temporal aspects of hearing. Considering only the four national journals, less than 9% of the scientific production addressed this issue.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Audiometria de reforço visual com diferentes estímulos sonoros em crianças(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2007-06-01) Vieira, Eliara Pinto [UNIFESP]; Azevedo, Marisa Frasson de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROND: hearing evaluation in children. AIM: to verify the Minimum Response Levels (MRL) through the use of Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA) in the sound field, in 50 normal hearing children and in 25 children with hearing loss, taking into account the following variables: side of sound presentation, gender, age and type of stimulus. METHOD: VRA was performed using pure tone frequency modulation (warble) and the Sonar System. The modulated tones were produced by the Pediatric Audiometer, in the frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000Hz and at the intensities of 80, 60, 40 and 20dBNA. The modulated tones were presented in a decreasing sequence of intensity and by using the stimulus-reply-visual reinforcement conditioning. The assessment procedure and analysis of response were the same when using the stimuli of the Sonar System. However, on this occasion, a sound amplification box was used. Each loudspeaker with the visual reinforcement was positioned approximately at 90º azimuth to the right and the left of the child, and at a distance of approximately 50 cm. Visual reinforcement was an illuminated clown. RESULTS: no statistically significant difference was found between the MNL and the side of sound presentation. The MRL at 500Hz and 2000Hz, when using the Sonar System, were lower for normal hearing males. In this group, there was a decrease in the MRL with the increase in age for both stimuli. When comparing the MRL with two stimuli, there was a statistically significant difference in favor of the Sonar System, but only for the group of normal hearing children below two years of age. CONCLUSION: the MRL decrease with age independently of the stimulus and are lower when using the Sonar System. For the group of children with hearing loss no significant difference was found for any of the studied variables.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação comportamental do processamento auditivo em indivíduos pós - traumatismo cranioencefálico: estudo piloto(CEFAC Saúde e Educação, 2013-10-01) Santos, Renata Beatriz Fernandes; Marangoni, Andréa Tortosa [UNIFESP]; Andrade, Adriana Neves de [UNIFESP]; Vieira, Marilena Manno [UNIFESP]; Ortiz, Karin Zazo [UNIFESP]; Gil, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: to characterize the performance of individuals after traumatic brain injury in behavioral tests to evaluate auditory processing. METHOD: the participants of this research were 10 individuals with normal hearing with traumatic brain injury. They were submitted to: pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, acoustic immittance measures (tympanometry and acoustic reflex) and behavioral evaluation of auditory processing (Sound Location Test, Verbal Sequential Memory, Non Verbal Sequential Memory, Duration Pattern Sequence Test, Dichotic Consonant-vowel, Staggered Spondaic Word (Portuguese version), Identification of synthetic sentences with competitive message, Random Gap Detection Test, Percentage Index of Speech Recognition with recording, speech test). RESULTS: the test of Duration Pattern indicated the test with the largest number of alteration (60%). The test with the most satisfactory average was the Percentage Index of Speech Recognition with recording (93%) and the less satisfactory average test was related to dichotic consonant-vowel (40,56%). The reversals (70%) represented the tendency of more frequent errors in the SSW. The damage of decoding was the most prevalent (100%), followed by the organization (90%), supra-segmental (60%) and encoding-gradual loss of memory (20%). There was no damage of encoding-integration. CONCLUSIONS: the patients after traumatic brain injury present auditory processing disorders of varying degrees, involving the processes of decoding and organization.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Crianças prematuras: estudo da supressão das emissões otoacústicas e da resolução temporal(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011-01-26) Sousa, Elaine Colombo [UNIFESP]; Azevedo, Marisa Frasson de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: Determine the occurrence of the suppression of otoacoustic emissions, the temporal resolution hearing skill and the association between the results of these assessments and premature birth as well as the presence of signs suggestive of an alteration in auditory processing during development, in premature, below 2000g at birth. Methods: Forty low-income children (20 having been born at full term and twenty born prematurely) between five and eight years of age were evaluated. All participants underwent patient history, audiometry, speech audiometry, measures of acoustic immittance, the study of acoustic reflexes and an assessment of the auditory processing (Simplified Auditory Processing Assessment, Speech-in-Noise Test and Random Gap Detection Test) as well as the recording of otoacoustic emissions evoked by transient stimuli and the assessment of the medial olivocochlear efferent system. Results: Suppression of otoacoustic emissions in the right ear was detected in 53% of the individuals of the control group and 56% of the experimental group and in the left ear in 85% of the control group and 79% of the experimental group. On the Random Gap Detection Test, the mean temporal acuity threshold was 21.25 ms in the control group and 44.12 ms in the experimental group. This test was altered in 35% of the control group and 85% of the experimental group. Sixty percent of the children with suppression absent in the right ear tended to exhibit central signs during development and 20% of those with suppression absent in the left ear had an altered Simplified Auditory Processing Assessment. Conclusion: Children having been born prematurely, below 2000g at birth, presented symmetry of responses of the efferent system in peripheral hearing and deficits in the temporal resolution hearing skill, which was not associated to the absence of suppression of otoacoustic emissions. The children with absent suppression achieved poorer results on the Auditory Processing Assessment.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeito de supressão das emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente em lactentes de risco para perda auditiva nascidos pré-termo(CEFAC Saúde e Educação, 2010-10-01) Amorim, Aline Mizozoe de [UNIFESP]; Lewis, Doris Ruthy; Rodrigues, Gabriela Ribeiro Ivo; Fiorini, Ana Claudia [UNIFESP]; Azevedo, Marisa Frasson de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Faculdade de Fonoaudiologia Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Fonoaudiologia; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo DERDIC CeACPURPOSE: to study the occurrence and magnitude of the transient otoacoustic emissions suppression in pre-term infants with high risk for hearing loss. METHODS: the study was carried out in 15 pre-term infants. The used equipment was ILO USB II V6 Clinical OAE Software from Ododynamics. The used stimulation was linear clicks displayed at the intensity of 60 dB pe SPL (± 5). The contralateral noise (white noise) was set at 60 dB SPL (± 5). RESULTS: From 15 infants, only one did not show bilateral suppression. Suppression effect was shown on 93.3% of the subjects, being 71.4% for both ears and 28.6% for only one ear. The results showed that there was a significant statistical difference between the right and left ears. We could not observe significant differences when actual and gestational age were analyzed. The baby boys showed higher responses when compared to baby girls. CONCLUSIONS: most of the studied population showed OAE suppression effect. White noise was found in the contralateral ear, and reduced the response level of the transient otoacoustic emissions, demonstrating the participation of the efferent system. The responses were different considering the side of the ear, being higher on the right ear and for boys.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Effects of auditory training in individuals with high-frequency hearing loss(Hospital Clinicas, Univ São Paulo, 2014-01-01) Fernandes Santos, Renata Beatriz [UNIFESP]; Marangoni, Andrea Tortosa [UNIFESP]; Andrade, Adriana Neves de [UNIFESP]; Prestes, Raquel [UNIFESP]; Gil, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of a formal auditory training program on the behavioral, electrophysiological and subjective aspects of auditory function in individuals with bilateral high-frequency hearing loss.METHOD: A prospective study of seven individuals aged 46 to 57 years with symmetric, moderate high-frequency hearing loss ranging from 3 to 8 kHz was conducted. Evaluations of auditory processing (sound location, verbal and non-verbal sequential memory tests, the speech-in-noise test, the staggered spondaic word test, synthetic sentence identification with competitive ipsilateral and contralateral competitive messages, random gap detection and the standard duration test), auditory brainstem response and long-latency potentials and the administration of the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit questionnaire were performed in a sound booth before and immediately after formal auditory training.RESULTS: All of the participants demonstrated abnormal pre-training long-latency characteristics (abnormal latency or absence of the P3 component) and these abnormal characteristics were maintained in six of the seven individuals at the post-training evaluation. No significant differences were found between ears in the quantitative analysis of auditory brainstem responses or long-latency potentials. However, the subjects demonstrated improvements on all behavioral tests. for the questionnaire, the difference on the background noise subscale achieved statistical significance.CONCLUSION: Auditory training in adults with high-frequency hearing loss led to improvements in figure-background hearing skills for verbal sounds, temporal ordination and resolution, and communication in noisy environments. Electrophysiological changes were also observed because, after the training, some long latency components that were absent pre-training were observed during the re-evaluation.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosLateralização sonora: diferença interaural mínima de tempo em ouvintes normais(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2002) Tedesco, Maria Lucy Fraga [UNIFESP]; Borges, Alda Christina Lopes de Carvalho [UNIFESP]Objetivo: Caracterizar a habilidade de lateralizacao sonora por meio da diferenca interaural de tempo, buscando o menor tempo de atraso interaural que produz lateralizacao para a orelha em que o estimulo chegou primeiro, levando em conta as condicoes de ambiente e equipamento de apresentacao do estimulo, o nivel de j intensidade do estimulo, a tecnica de apresentacao dos tempos de atraso interaural quanto a ser ascendente ou descendente, a ordem de aplicacao das tecnicas ascendente e descendente e a forma de resposta usada para indicar o local da sensacao sonora. Metodos: 0 instrumento elaborado para a realizacao desta pesquisa, denominado Teste de Lateralizacao Temporal, foi gravado em Compact Disc (CD) utilizando apresentacoes binaurais da palavra paca com tempos de atraso interaural entre 0 e 500 microssegundos (ms). A primeira faixa do CD, utilizada para treino do teste, contem 15 apresentacoes binaurais da palavra paca com diferencas de Oms, 500lms de atraso a direita e 500ms de atraso a esquerda. A segunda faixa do CD contem 20 tempos de atraso, entre 23 e 4541ms, a direita e a esquerda, totalizando 40 apresentacoes em tempo descendente, porem arranjadas aleatoriamente. A terceira faixa contem as mesmas 40 apresentacoes da faixa anterior, mas em tempo ascendente, tambem arranjadas aleatoriamente. 0 grupo de ouvintes normais foi constituido por 80 jovens do sexo feminino com idade entre 18 e 25 anos. 0 estimulo foi apresentado atraves de um CD compact player e as condicoes de apresentacao do estimulo variaram quanto ao uso ou nao do audiometro e da cabina acustica, quanto ao uso de 20dBNS ou 40dBNS como nivel de intensidade, quanto a apresentacao dos tempos de atraso interaural atraves das tecnicas ascendente e descendente e quanto a resposta do paciente que poderia ser a indicacao do local de sensacao da origem do som nomeando ou apontando em si proprio. Resultados e conclusoes: 0 Teste de Lateralizacao Temporal e um teste adequado para avaliar a habilidade de lateralizacao de estimulos sonoros atraves da diferenca interaural de tempo. A media da diferenca interaural de tempo minima para lateralizacao sonora foi de 201,4ms na orelha direita e de 154,6ms na orelha esquerda na tecnica ascendente de apresentacao do tempo de atraso interaural e de 293,8ms na orelha direita e de 237,1 ms na orelha esquerda na tecnica descendente. Pode ser aplicado em cabina acustica com o CD compact player...(au)
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Limiar de resolução temporal auditiva em idosos(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2010-09-01) Queiroz, Daniela Soares de; Momensohn-Santos, Teresa Maria [UNIFESP]; Branco-Barreiro, Fátima Cristina Alves; Universidade Católica de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)BACKGROUND: the Random Gap Detection Test (RGDT) evaluates temporal resolution threshold. There are doubts as to whether performance in this task remains unchanged with the aging process. At the same time, there is a concern about how much the difficulties of communication experienced by elderly individuals are related to the deterioration of temporal resolution. AIM: to determine auditory temporal resolution threshold in elderly individuals with normal peripheral hearing or symmetric mild sensorineural hearing loss, and to correlate findings with gender, age, audiometric findings and scores obtained in the Self - Assessment of Communication (SAC) questionnaire. Methods: 63 elderly individuals, aged between 60 and 80 years (53 women and 10 men), were submitted to the RGDT and the SAC. RESULTS: statistical analysis of the relationship between gender and the RGDT indicated that the performance of elderly females was statistically poorer when compared to elderly males. Age and audiometric configuration did not correlate to performance in the RDGT and in the SAC. The results indicate that in the SAC both genders presented no significant complaints about communication difficulties regardless of the outcome obtained in the RGDT or audiometric configuration. CONCLUSION: the average temporal resolution threshold for women was 104.81ms. Considering gender, females did not present correlations between age and audiometric configuration, not only when considering the RGDT results but also when analyzing the SAC results.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Resolução temporal e cognição no idoso saudável(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-02-24) Dias, Thaiana Lice Lopes [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Liliane Desgualdo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introdução: Com o processo de envelhecimento observam-se modificações estruturais e fisiológicas diversas em todo o corpo humano. O processamento temporal declina com o aumento da idade, independente da presença ou não de perda auditiva. Habilidades do processamento temporal são a base do processamento auditivo,podendo influenciar diretamente na qualidade da comunicação. Objetivo Geral: Investigar o efeito do processo de envelhecimento no comportamento auditivo de resolução temporal. Método: Participaram do estudo 16 pessoas de faixa etária média de 67,8 anos e média de 7 anos de escolaridade, com audiometria dentro dos valores de normalidade até 4KHz e timpanometria com curva tipo A bilateralmente. Foram realizados os testes Gap In Noise (GIN), anamnese, medida de independência funcional (MIF), escala de depressão geriátrica (GDS), mini exame do estado mental(MEEM), teste ADAS-COG, avaliação audiológica básica, teste dicótico de digitos(TDD) e teste padrão de duração (TPD). Resultados: Todos os idosos disseram "escutar bem", entretanto, 68,8% dos idosos tiveram queixa de "dificuldade de comunicação em ambientes ruidosos". Os idosos tiveram um bom desempenho no IPRF na orelha direita (90% de acertos) e esquerda(91% de acertos). No TDD, a média de acertos manteve-se acima de 88% para a orelha direita(95%) e esquerda (89,8%). A média de acertos no TPD foi de 68,5%. A pontuação média na MIF foi de 121,3 pontos, na escala de depressão geriátrica(GDS), 4,5 pontos (dp=3,5) e no Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), 26,6 pontos (dp=2,3). Os valores médios observados do limiar de detecção de gap (Teste GIN) foram 10,2 ms na orelha direita e 9,1ms na orelha esquerda. Houve uma tendência em diminuir o limiar de detecção de gap no teste GIN com a melhora da capacidade funcional, avaliada através da MIF.Houve também uma tendência de queda do limiar de detecção de gap com o aumento do MEEM na orelha direita. Não houve correlação entre os limiares de detecção de gap e a porcentagem de acertos no IPRF. Observou-se uma tendência de queda do limiar na orelha direita com o aumento da porcentagem de acertos nos testes dicótico de dígitos e padrão de duração. Há correlação entre o limiar de detecção de gap na orelha direita e a pontuação geral no ADAS-COG. Conclusão: O processo de envelhecimento influencia no comportamento auditivo de resolução temporal.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)SSW - Análise qualitativa dos erros: inventário de atendimento de 2005(CEFAC Saúde e Educação, 2009-01-01) Araújo, Natália Siqueira Spitaletti; Ruiz, Andrezza Cristina Paes; Pereira, Liliane Desgualdo [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Faculdade de Ciências Médicas; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: to perform a quantitative inventory on exchanges and/or omissions in the SSW test and its possible relationships between auditory processing disorders, as well as different complains from these individuals METHODS: 226 protocols were selected among patients who performed the SSW (staggered spondaic word) test at Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) in 2005. In order to analyze the medical records, a protocol was elaborated where general interview data and the description of the patient's performance in the test were computed, as well as the classification of the alteration. RESULTS: no associations among complaints and classifications of the altered exams were observed. The exchanges and omissions and alteration were fewer in the normal tests and larger in the altered ones. Larger number was verified in the left competitive condition in exchange and omission errors. CONCLUSIONS: the most frequent type of auditory processing disorder was decoding. There were writing and reading related complaints. The highest incidence of errors in the test was observed in individuals with complaints without a predominance of one of these complaints in one of the classified processing disorder alteration. The presence of large number of exchanges in the SSW test is an indicator for inability related to phonemic analysis and synthesis of speech sounds. A large number of omissions, predominantly in the left ear is an indicator of inability to integrate acoustic and linguistic aspects of speech sounds that make up a word.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)O Teste Gap in Noise em crianças de 11 e 12 anos(Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2010-03-01) Perez, Ana Paula [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Liliane Desgualdo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: gap detection in 11 and 12-year-old children. AIM: to investigate temporal resolution through the Gap in Noise test in children of 11 and 12 years in order to establish criteria of normal development. METHOD: participants were 92 children, with ages of 11 and 12 years, enrolled in elementary school, with no evidences of otologic, and/or neurologic, and/or cognitive disorders, as well as with no history of learning difficulties or school failure. Participants Besides that, their hearing thresholds were within normal limits and their verbal recognition in the dichotic test of digits was equal or superior to 95% of hits. All were submitted to the Gap in Noise test. The statistical analysis was performed by non-parametric tests with significance level of 0.05 (5%). RESULTS: the average of the gap thresholds was 5.05ms, and the average percentage of correct answers was 71.70%. There was no significant statistical difference between the responses by age (eleven and twelve years), by ear (right and left), by gender (male and female). However, when comparing the tests, it was observed that the 1st test showed a higher percentage of identifications of gap, statistically significant than the 2nd test. CONCLUSION: in 78.27% of the population of this study, the gap thresholds were up to 5ms, response recommended as normality reference for the age group searched.