Navegando por Palavras-chave "Health Surveys"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Análise multinível das variações no índice de massa corporal entre adultos, Brasil, 2006(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2009-11-01) Sichieri, Rosely; Moura, Erly Catarina de [UNIFESP]; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Epidemiologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Ministério da Saúde Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde Coordenação Geral de Doenças Crônicas não TransmissíveisOBJECTIVE: To analyze the variation in body mass index (BMI) among adults according to individual factors and environmental characteristics of their city of residence. METHODS: Data generated in 2006 by the Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL - Telephone-based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases) system. This survey is based on telephone interviews carried out among probabilistic samples of the population of adults aged >18 years from the 26 Brazilian state capitals and Federal District. Analysis of associated factors included individual socioeconomic and demographic variables and environmental variables pertaining to the city of residence of the 49,395 VIGITEL subjects. Food intake was evaluated based on a healthy diet score and on five-a-day fruit and vegetable intake. Physical activity was evaluated based on frequency and duration of exercise and presence of a place in which to perform physical activity. Associations were tested using multilevel linear models (p<0.05). RESULTS: Associations between BMI and individual explanatory variables differed according to sex. Schooling was positively associated with BMI among men, and negatively among women. Five-a-day fruit and vegetable intake was positively associated with BMI among men. In both sexes, presence of a place for physical activity was negatively associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: Mean BMI differed substantially among Brazilian capitals; however little of this variation could be explained by presence of a place for physical activity or by socioeconomic and diet-related variables.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Fatores associados ao consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados em adolescentes brasileiros - Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar - PeNSE (2012 e 2015)(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-12-16) Silva, Janiquelli Barbosa [UNIFESP]; Konstantyner, Tulio [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1201390189646170; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9125194722171788; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with consumption of ultra-processed foods in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study in a representative sample of adolescents participants of the National School Health Survey (PeNSE-2015), a Brazilian survey conducted by a self-administered questionnaire on students enrolled from the 6th grade of elementary school to the 3rd year of high school. Specifically, a representative variable of weekly consumption of ultra-processed foods was constructed through the estimated and weighted consumption of soft drinks, candies, fried salty, salty processed foods and fast food. Excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods was attributed to consumption more than seven times a week. Descriptive and inferential analysis of demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and environmental characteristics potentially associated with the outcome was performed. A multiple logistic model was adjusted to control confounding. Results: A total of 16,324 adolescents were studied. The prevalence of excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods in Brazil was 75.4% (CI 95%: 73.3% - 77.3%). The highest prevalence was estimated in the Southeast and the lowest in the North. Nine factors independently associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods were identified; eight at risk: < 15 years of age (OR:1.42;p <0.001), daily sitting time greater than 4 hours (OR:1.81; p<0.001), eating watching TV or studying for more than 4 days at week (OR:1.45;p <0.001), daily TV use time greater than 3 hours (OR:1.44; p<0.001), breakfast frequency less than 4 days per week (OR:1.17; p <0.001), have a cell phone (OR:1.49; p<0.001), attend private school (OR:1.26; p=0.003) and located in the urban area (OR:1.50; p=0.004); and one of protection: absent maternal scholarity (OR:0.66;p <0.001). Conclusion: The results express the multifactorial characteristic of the consumption of ultra-processed foods and suggest the need for the elaboration and execution of health policies to guide the damages of the excessive consumption of these foods and the importance of adopting healthy behaviors for this population group. The dimensions of determination of the identified factors point to opportunities for intervention in different contexts, such as actions to regulate the availability, labeling and advertising of ultra-processed foods; and measures that promote the adoption of healthy lifestyles with a focus on reducing sedentary behaviors and on food and nutrition education in the school and family environment.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Insegurança alimentar em domicílios brasileiros com crianças menores de cinco anos(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2014-05-01) Poblacion, Ana Paula; Marín-León, Leticia; Segall-Corrêa, Ana Maria; Silveira, Jonas Augusto Cardoso da [UNIFESP]; Taddei, Jose Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)This article analyzes food insecurity and hunger in Brazilian families with children under five years of age. This was a nationally representative cross-sectional study using data from the National Demographic and Health Survey on Women and Children (PNDS-2006), in which the outcome variable was moderate to severe food insecurity, measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Prevalence estimates and prevalence ratios were generated with 95% confidence intervals. The results showed a high prevalence of moderate to severe food insecurity, concentrated in the North and Northeast regions (30.7%), in economic classes D and E (34%), and in beneficiaries of conditional cash transfer programs (36.5%). Multivariate analysis showed that the socioeconomic relative risks (beneficiaries of conditional cash transfers), regional relative risks (North and Northeast regions), and economic relative risks (classes D and E) were 1.8, 2.0 and 2.4, respectively. Aggregation of the three risks showed 48% of families with moderate to severe food insecurity, meaning that adults and children were going hungry during the three months preceding the survey.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Padrões de violência domiciliar associada ao uso de álcool no Brasil(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2009-10-01) Fonseca, Arilton Martins [UNIFESP]; Galduróz, José Carlos Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Tondowski, Cláudia Silveira [UNIFESP]; Noto, Ana Regina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To describe situations of domestic violence committed by perpetrators under the influence of alcohol in the largest Brazilian cities. METHODS: A household survey was carried out in the 108 Brazilian cities with more than 200,000 inhabitants in 2005. A multistage probabilistic self-weighted sample stratified in terms of conglomerate units was performed in three selection stages: census tracts, households, and respondents (population between 12 and 65 years old). The instrument to collect the data was the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, with questions on sociodemographics and psychotropic drug abuse.. RESULTS: The survey encompassed 7,939 households. In 33.5% of them there were reports of domestic violence, 17.1% out of which involving intoxicated perpetrators. The most frequently reported types of violence associated with the use of alcohol were: arguments among the people in the household (81,8%), loud arguments not aimed at a specific person (70.9%), threats of assault (39.5%), and breaking households objects (38.7%). The respondents also reported physical assault (27.8%), physical assault with weapon (5.5%), and sexual abuse (3.2%). More than half of perpetrators lived in the household and 88.8% were male. Most of the victims were female (63.9%); 33.9% were wives and 18.2% were children. In terms of recidivism, 14.1% of the cases lasted for a period between 1 and 5 years, and in 14.3% they lasted for over a decade. Most of the victims (86%) and perpetrators (77.9%) did not look for the help of either the health services or the police. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the considerable number of Brazilian households with a history of violence involving intoxicated abusers, this kind of abuse has many specific characteristics. The low rate for the search for help at the health services/police stations point to the importance of actively identifying cases of domestic violence.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Peso ao nascer de crianças brasileiras menores de dois anos(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2013-02-01) Viana, Kelly de Jesus [UNIFESP]; Taddei, Jose Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo [UNIFESP]; Cocetti, Monize [UNIFESP]; Warkentin, Sarah [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Low birth weight is associated with increased risk of dying in the first year of life. This study was motivated by recent changes in the determination of birth weight patterns with the advent of the perinatal epidemiological transition. We analyzed data from the Brazilian National Survey of Demographic and Health of Children and Women including only children < 24 months. Prevalence of low birth weight in Brazil was 6.1%. Risk factors included female gender, residence in the South and Southeast geographic regions, low maternal education, and maternal smoking. The low birth weight profile changed, with higher prevalence in more economically developed regions, reflecting the neonatal epidemiological transition determined by changes in patterns of childbirth care and incorporation of perinatal life support technologies, in addition to the previously known biological risks associated with poverty and misinformation.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Prevalence and characteristics of adverse drug events in Brazil(Cadernos Saude Publica, 2018) Oliveira de Sousa, Livia Alves; de Franca Fonteles, Marta Maria; Monteiro, Mirian Parente; Mengue, Sotero Serrate; Bertoldi, Andrea Damaso; Dal Pizzol, Tatiane da Silva; Leao Tavares, Noemia Urruth; Oliveira, Maria Auxiliadora; Luiza, Vera Lucia; Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Farias, Mareni Rocha; Dourado Arrais, Paulo SergioThe aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of adverse drug events (ADEs) and associated factors reported by users of medicines in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional population-based study conducted from September 2013 to February 2014 with data from the Brazilian National Survey on Access, Use, and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines (PNAUM). The study included all individuals that reported the use of medicines and identified, among them, all those reporting at least one problem with the medicine's use. A descriptive analysis was performed to estimate ADE prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) among the target variables. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using Poisson regression to investigate factors associated with ADEs. Overall ADE prevalence in Brazil was 6.6% (95% CI: 5.89-7.41), and after multivariate analysis, higher prevalence was associated with female gender, residence in the Central and Northeast regions, consumption of more medicines, "bad" self-rated health, and self-medication. The drugs most frequently reported with ADEs were fluoxetine, diclofenac, and amitriptyline. The most frequent ADEs were somnolence, epigastric pain, and nausea. Most reported ADEs were mild, avoidable, and associated with medicines used frequently by the population. The study provided knowledge on the size of the problem with use of medicines in Brazil.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Prevalence of health promotion programs in primary health care units in Brazil(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2014-10-01) Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Gomes, Grace Angélica de Oliveira; Bracco, Mario Maia [UNIFESP]; Florindo, Alex Antonio; Mielke, Gregore Iven; Parra, Diana C; Lobelo, Felipe; Simoes, Eduardo J; Hallal, Pedro Curi; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Ministério da Saúde Secretaria de Vigilância Epidemiológica; Universidade Estadual de São Paulo Núcleo de Atividade Física, Esporte e Saúde; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Washington University in St. Louis George Warren Brown School of Social Work Prevention Research Center in St. Louis; Centers For Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Division of Diabetes Translation; University of Missouri School of Medicine Department of Health Management and Informatics; Universidade Federal de Pelotas Faculdade de Educação FísicaOBJECTIVEAssessment of prevalence of health promotion programs in primary health care units within Brazil’s health system. METHODSWe conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study based on telephone interviews with managers of primary care units. Of a total 42,486 primary health care units listed in the Brazilian Unified Health System directory, 1,600 were randomly selected. Care units from all five Brazilian macroregions were selected proportionally to the number of units in each region. We examined whether any of the following five different types of health promotion programs was available: physical activity; smoking cessation; cessation of alcohol and illicit drug use; healthy eating; and healthy environment. Information was collected on the kinds of activities offered and the status of implementation of the Family Health Strategy at the units. RESULTSMost units (62.0%) reported having in place three health promotion programs or more and only 3.0% reported having none. Healthy environment (77.0%) and healthy eating (72.0%) programs were the most widely available; smoking and alcohol use cessation were reported in 54.0% and 42.0% of the units. Physical activity programs were offered in less than 40.0% of the units and their availability varied greatly nationwide, from 51.0% in the Southeast to as low as 21.0% in the North. The Family Health Strategy was implemented in most units (61.0%); however, they did not offer more health promotion programs than others did. CONCLUSIONSOur study showed that most primary care units have in place health promotion programs. Public policies are needed to strengthen primary care services and improve training of health providers to meet the goals of the agenda for health promotion in Brazil.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Prevalência de diagnóstico auto-referido de osteoporose, Brasil, 2006(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2009-11-01) Martini, Lígia Araujo [UNIFESP]; Moura, Erly Catarina de; Santos, Luana Caroline dos; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Pinheiro, Marcelo de Medeiros [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Ministério da Saúde Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde Coordenação Geral de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública Curso de Nutrição; UFMG Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública. Escola de Enfermagem; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of self-reported osteoporosis (with previous medical diagnosis) and the associated risk and protection factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out, based on data from the system Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL - telephone-based surveillance of risk and protective factors for chronic diseases). A total of 54,369 individuals aged >18 years living in homes served by at least one fixed telephone line in Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District in 2006 were interviewed. Estimates of osteoporosis in relation to socioeconomic and behavioral factors and the body mass index were stratified according to sex. The risk of occurrence of osteoporosis was calculated for each variable separately and through a multivariate model, taking the odds ratio to be a proxy for the prevalence ratio. RESULTS: The reported prevalence of osteoporosis was 4.4%, predominantly among women (7.0%) >45 years of age whose marital status was not single and who were former smokers. Among men, age > 65 years, married or widowed status and sedentarism were positively associated with this outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Among the factors associated with osteoporosis, modifiable characteristics relating to disease prevention were highlighted, such as physical activity and smoking habits.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Quality of life in a sample of Brazilian adults using the generic SF-12 questionnaire(Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2018) Campolina, Alessandro Goncalves; Lopez, Rossana Veronica Mendoza; Nardi, Elene Paltrinieri [UNIFESP]; Ferraz, Marcos Bosi [UNIFESP]Objective: This study describes the summary scores of the Short Form-12 (SF-12) questionnaire, according to socio-demographic factors obtained in a probabilistic and representative sample of the Brazilian urban population. Method: Five thousand (5,000) individuals, over the age of 15, were assessed in 16 capital cities, in the five regions of the country. The selection of households was random. Face-to-face approach was applied in the household interviews. The SF-12 questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics were also evaluated: gender, age, marital status, skin color, region of the country and use of the public health service. Results: The mean value (SD) of the SF-12 for the entire population was 49.3 (8.7) for the physical component (PCS-12) and 52.7 (9.7) for the mental component (MCS-12). Statistical differences were found for gender (PCS-12 and MCS-12), age (PCS-12) and working status (PCS-12 and MCS-12). Women, elderly, widowed and unemployed individuals, those with lower income and with complaints in the last seven days showed lower mean values (PCS-12 and MCS-12). Conclusion: From this point forward, we can provide the basis for comparisons with future research that use the SF-12 for quality of life assessment in Brazil. The Brazilian population has a lower degree of quality of life related do the physical component, and the SF-12 is a useful and discriminative instrument for assessing quality of life in different socio-demographic groups.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosRazão Ômega-6:Ômega-3 na dieta segundo variáveis sociodemográficas, alimentares e de saúde: estudo de base populacional em Campinas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-06-05) Ghedini, Natalia Simonian Rodrigues Valente [UNIFESP]; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Although the effect of diet on health status is widely recognized, few studies have evaluated the profile of fat consumption by the Brazilian population. The imbalance in the consumption of omega-6:omega-3 (n6:n3) fatty acids is related to inflammatory processes that increase the risk of developing non-communicable chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between the ratio of n6: n3 fatty acids and sociodemographic, food and health variables. This is a research carried out with secondary data from the ISA-Camp, a population-based cross-sectional study with a sample stratified by clusters and in two stages, conducted between 2008-09, in the city of Campinas, SP, Brazil. Fat intake was estimated using the 24-Hour Recall, and data were entered into the Nutrition Data System for Research software. In the analysis of the data, the means of the n6:n3 ratio were calculated according to the independent variables, using simple and multiple linear regression, with significance level of 5%. The food records of 3,303 individuals, aged 10 years or more, were considered. Lower values of the n6:n3 ratio were observed in the strata of adults and elderly (p <0.001), in those who ate fruits, vegetables and milk daily (p <0.01), and in those who were physically active in leisure time (p < 0.009). These findings show the association between eating habits, sociodemographic indicators and the n6:n3 ratio, and may contribute to the elaboration of strategies aimed at the adoption of changes in lifestyle.