Navegando por Palavras-chave "Food consumption"

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    Adesão ao Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: fatores associados e a qualidade nutricional das refeições
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-07-30) Benvindo, Joyce Larissa da Silva [UNIFESP]; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6104429791974852; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6213605417760642; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: The National School Feeding Program (PNAE) is considered one of the largest social policies in Brazil, through the provision of meals to all students in basic education, enrolled in the public school system. In spite of such relevance, few studies explore the topics that involve PNAE, being a field of interest the students' adherence to the program, as well as the quality of the menus. Objective: To evaluate the adherence of the studies to the PNAE and its intervening factors, as well as to analyze the nutritional quality of the menus. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out in 16 municipalities in the State of São Paulo, with elementary school students II (6 th to 9 th) in a partial period. A semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire was used with 25 questions and the weekly menus were collected from the nutritionists at each site. It was considered adherence to PNAE consumption of three or more days in the school feeding week. The menus offered one or two meals a day for the students, being subdivided into "Menu I", defined as the main meal during the period of study; and "Menu II", as the second meal, food served to the students as a complement. For the qualitative analysis of the menus, the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population and the Quality Indicator of the School Meals Menu (IQCAE) were used as reference. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, and the chi-square test, Regression model and Student's t test were used for inferential analysis to associate variables of interest with students' adherence to the program. Results: The study population consisted mostly of students between 11 and 14 years old (90%), boys (52%), enrolled in 17 schools. There was high acceptance (85.1%) and low adherence to PNAE (47.5%). The presence of canteens and external food sellers and the habit of buying food in these trades; take home snacks; the period of study (evening); and noisy spaces for consumption of PNAE meals decreased adherence to the program. Of the 16 menus analyzed, half provided two meals and only one was not prepared by a nutritionist. The Menu I mainly offered lunch, showed good nutritional quality (3.29 points) and often offered vegetables and foods in natura or minimally processed in most of the municipalities. Menu II only had snacks, low quality (1.11 points) and daily supply of processed and ultraprocessed items. It was observed the presence of prohibited items in the menus and low supply of fruits, with 48.6% of the municipalities providing none or only 1 portion of fruit in the week. There was no association between the nutritional quality of the menus and adherence of the students to the program (p> 0.01). On the other hand, meals considered "bad" and "repetitive" by schoolchildren were associated with non-adherence, and high acceptance showed a positive association with adherence. Conclusion: Students' adherence to PNAE is negatively influenced by the presence of canteens and external food sellers, and by the distribution conditions and the space for eating meals. Although the quality of the menu does not affect the adherence to the PNAE, it’s necessary to increase the supply of fruits in the menus and mainly to improve the quality of the Menu II, which had a high supply of ultraprocessed products.
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    Análise do consumo de carne em um município do interior do Estado de São Paulo: estudo de base populacional, 2008 e 2014
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-06-22) Santos, Samara Agda dos [UNIFESP]; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7373562130327980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3588994646899057; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    No Brasil, o consumo de carnes é comum em todas as regiões do País, sendo a carne bovina a mais consumida. A promoção da alimentação adequada quanto às dimensões nutricionais e ambientais pressupõe o monitoramento da ingestão de alimentos de origem animal de forma a evitar consumo excessivo, a despeito de seu valor simbólico e nutricional. O consumo alimentar é influenciado por diversos fatores, como sexo, faixa etária, situação do domicílio, região do país, renda e raça, incidentes também sobre o consumo de carnes. Determinantes sociais com reflexos sobre as prevalências de pobreza e da insegurança alimentar, ao lado de diretrizes recentes para diminuição global no consumo alimentar de carne, ampliam o interesse em estudos sobre o consumo de carnes. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o consumo de carne na população residente no município de Campinas nos anos 2008-2009 e 2014-2015, segundo variáveis demográficas. Trata-se de investigação de caráter transversal a partir de dados secundários de estudos de base populacional, que adotou amostra probabilística com participantes de 10 anos de idade ou mais, conduzidos nos anos de 2008/2009 e 2014/2015, em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. Os valores de consumo de carnes foram analisadas segundo variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas. A mediana de consumo total de carne por dia, entre consumidores de carne, foi de 156,1g em 2008/2009 e de 153,1g em 2014/2015, sendo menor o consumo entre mulheres e adolescentes (p<0,05) em ambos os períodos avaliados. Menor consumo de carne total, carne vermelha, carne bovina e carne de pescados foi observado entre indivíduos de raça/cor da pele autorreferida como preta (p<0,05) em 2008-2009, mas não em 2014/2015. Indivíduos de raça/cor da pele autorreferida como parda consumiram menos carne suína em 2014-2015 (p<0,05). Maior consumo de carne vermelha foi observado entre indivíduos de raça/cor da pele autorreferida como amarela, indígena ou outra, quando comparado aos indivíduos de raça/cor da pele autorreferida como branca, em 2008-2009 (p<0,05). Entre idosos, se observou maior consumo de carne total, e de carne de aves e de pescados em 2008-2009; em 2014-2015, apenas o consumo de aves foi maior neste grupo (p<0,05). Conclusão: o consumo total de carne, é elevado em todos os grupos, e nos dois inquéritos. Houve associação entre a variável raça/cor e consumo de carne. Além de compreender os fatores que influenciam o consumo de carnes segundo o tipo e variáveis sociodemográficas, é relevante conhecer estas associações para a adoção de ações em saúde com foco no consumo adequado de alimentos, bem como orientar políticas de distribuição e de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional.
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    Assessment of Nutritional Status and Eating Disorders in Female Adolescents With Fibromyalgia
    (Elsevier B.V., 2012-11-01) Silva, Simone Guerra L. da [UNIFESP]; Sarni, Roseli O. S. [UNIFESP]; Souza, Fabiola I. S. de [UNIFESP]; Molina, Juliana [UNIFESP]; Terreri, Maria Teresa R. A. [UNIFESP]; Hilário, Maria Odete Esteves [UNIFESP]; Len, Claudio Arnaldo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purpose: To assess eating disorders, nutritional status, body composition, and food intake in adolescents presenting with fibromyalgia.Methods: in a cross-sectional study, we evaluated the nutritional status (z score of body mass index [ZBMI]), waist circumference, body fat percentage by bioelectrical impedance analysis, symptoms of disordered eating, and possible eating disorders (Kids' Eating Disorders Survey [KEDS]) of 23 female adolescents with fibromyalgia and 23 matched healthy control subjects.Results: Median age for both groups was 15 years. in the fibromyalgia group, the median time for diagnosis was 13.5 months. We did not observe a statistically significant difference between the control and fibromyalgia groups in relation to ZBMI, fat mass percentage, food intake, and symptoms of disordered eating (KEDS). in the fibromyalgia group, there was a significant correlation between fat mass percentage and the total KEDS score (r = .587, p = .003); the same correlation was observed for ZBMI (r = .0778, p < .001).Conclusions: This study verified an absence of nutritional and eating disorders in adolescents recently diagnosed with fibromyalgia that, in addition to the correlation between adiposity indexes and KEDS total score, emphasizes the importance of nutritional and body composition assessment, allowing an early and adequate nutritional intervention. (C) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.
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    Association of neighbourhood food availability with the consumption of processed and ultra-processed food products by children in a city of Brazil: a multilevel analysis
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2018) Marrocos Leite, Fernanda Helena [UNIFESP]; Cremm, Elena de Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Costa de Abreu, Debora Silva [UNIFESP]; de Oliveira, Maria Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Budd, Nadine; Martins, Paula Andrea [UNIFESP]
    ObjectiveTo investigate the association between neighbourhood food availability and the consumption of ready-to-consume products (RCP), either processed or ultra-processed, and unprocessed/minimally processed foods (UF-MPF) by children.DesignCross-sectional. 24 h Dietary recalls were collected from children from January 2010 to June 2011. Neighbourhood food availability data were collected from 672 food stores located within 500 m of participants' homes, using an adapted and validated instrument. Neighbourhood-level socio-economic status (SES) was obtained by calculating the mean years of household head's education level in each census tract covered by 500 m buffers. Foods that were consumed by children and/or available in the food stores were classified based on their degree of industrial processing. Multilevel random-effect models examined the association between neighbourhood food availability and children's diets.SettingSantos, Brazil.SubjectsChildren (n 513) under 10 years old (292 aged <6 years, 221 aged 6 years).ResultsThe availability of RCP in food stores was associated with increased RCP consumption (P<0001) and decreased UF-MPF consumption (P<0001). The consumption of UF-MPF was positively associated with neighbourhood-level SES (P<001), but not with the availability of UF-MPF in the neighbourhood.ConclusionsResults suggest that food policies and interventions that aim to reduce RCP consumption in Santos and similar settings should focus on reducing the availability in food stores. The results also suggest that interventions should not only increase the availability of UF-MPF in lower-SES neighbourhoods, but should strive to make UF-MPF accessible within these environments.
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    Avaliação da ingestão de macro e micronutrientes em indivíduos praticantes de treinamento de força
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-11-25) Parmegiani, Ana Claudia [UNIFESP]; Silva, Ana Claudia Parmegiani; Gonçalves, Daniela Caetano [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5735514073305152; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9772222715694937; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    O fisiculturismo é uma modalidade esportiva a qual a performance depende de volume, definição e simetria da massa muscular esquelética, os atletas após meses de treinamento e preparação sobem em um palco e tem seus físicos julgados de acordo com as categorias objetivadas. O treinamento de força aliado com uma dieta adequada são cruciais nesse esporte. Muitas informações sobre alimentação saudável estão facilmente disponíveis nos veículos de comunicação fazendo com que se perpetuem informações que não condizem com a literatura, como a grande importância que é dada a ingestão de proteínas. A adesão a essas condutas tem como consequência a prática de hábitos alimentares escassas de importantes nutrientes que, a longo prazo afetam a performance e a saúde dos indivíduos. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a ingestão de macronutrientes e micronutrientes em homens jovens praticantes de treinamento de força. Dados de recordatórios alimentares e registros alimentares de 59 homens foram analisados do banco de dados do laboratório da Profa. Dra. Daniela Caetano, macro e micronutrientes foram quantificados. Peso foi aferido por uma balança digital e altura por um estadiômetro vertical. No software Multiple Source Method a variabilidade interpessoal foi removida e, os ajustes de energia por uma regressão linear no Excel. Fez-se também a plausibilidade de relato com a necessidade energética estimada. Para as adequações foram usadas as recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Esportiva e Dietary Reference Intake. Foram encontrados valores de ingestão abaixo das recomendações para praticantes de atividade física para energia, carboidratos, ácidos graxos mono e poliinssaturados, fibra alimentar, folato, cálcio, vitamina A, ácido pantotenico, piridoxina, cobalamina, vitaminas K e E. Os nutrientes com valores de ingestão adequado as recomendações foram gorduras totais, tiamina e riboflavina, enquanto proteína, ferro, zinco, niacina, vitamina C e vitamina D foram consumidos acima das recomendações. Observou-se que 91,53% da amostra teve sub-relato. Os resultados mostram que, praticantes de treinamento de força tem hábitos alimentares insuficientes, sobretudo em carboidratos e vitaminas devido ao consumo exacerbado de proteínas, o que pode acarretar em comprometimento da performance.
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    Avaliação do estado nutricional e consumo alimentar de crianças com alergia ao leite de vaca
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-06-25) Boaventura, Renata Magalhaes [UNIFESP]; Sarni, Roseli Oselka Saccardo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1760819469047929; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4439975442931884; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: The Cow’s Milk Allergy (CMA) is frequent, mainly in children. The treatment is based on exclusion of milk and its products of diet, as the preparations with the food and orientation regarding substitute diet, which should meet the nutritional needs of each individual. Aim: to compare the anthropometric indices and food consumption of children with CMA and healthy controls. To evaluate serum vitamin A (retinol, betacarotene and lycopene) and 25 (OH) D levels of children with CMA and to relate them to variables associated with disease, food consumption, body composition and nutritional therapy. Methods: A crosssectional study with 57 participants, 27 from the CMA group and 30 controls. Z scores of body mass index (ZBMI) and height (ZH), cutaneous folds (tricipital and subscapular), food consumption (nonconsecutive 3day food record) and serum concentrations of retinol, betacarotene, lycopene, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone and ultrasensitive C reactive protein. Statistical analysis: Qui square, t Student, and MannWhitney test (P<0.05) Results: The predominant age in both groups was preschoolers, mean of 4 years (± 1.9). The CMA group had a ZH lower than the control [0.24 (2.1; 0.5) vs 0.19 (2.4; 1.9); p = 0.0043]. Regarding dietary intake, it was observed that the CMA group presented lower intakes of calcium (553.3 mg ± 260.3 vs 820.1 ± 328.8 mg, p = 0.0033) and lipds [24.7% (18.4, 37.5) vs 28.3% (19.2, 37.8); p = 0.0123]. Low serum concentrations of retinol, betacarotene, lycopene, 25 (OH) D was 25.9%, 59.3%, 48.1% and 74.1%, respectively. Children with CMA who receiving soy beverages and fruit juices presented lower serum concentrations of 25 (OH) D compared to the group receiving infant formulas or compounds (soy, extensively hydrolyzed and amino acids). Conclusion: Children with CMA consume smaller amounts of calcium and lipids and are lower than controls. Vitamin A and D insuficiency were frequently observed in CMA group, emphasizing the need for nutritional guidance and monitoring.
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    Consumo alimentar de crianças e adolescentes com disfagia decorrente de estenose de esôfago: avaliação com base na pirâmide alimentar brasileira
    (Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, 2011-04-01) Marciano, Renata [UNIFESP]; Speridião, Patrícia da Graça Leite [UNIFESP]; Kawakami, Elisabete [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: This study assessed food intake by patients with dysphagia due to esophageal stricture and compared liquid, soft and solid diets based on the Brazilian Food guide pyramid. METHODS: This cross-sectional study consecutively included 31 patients with esophageal stricture, of which 18 (58.0%) were caustic, 7 (22.6%) were postoperative, 3 (9.7%) were peptic and 3 (9.7%) were of unknown etiology. The 24-hour dietary recall was used and the foods were converted into servings according to the eight food groups, as recommended by Philippi. The Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's Exact Test were used and the significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: The ages of the patients varied from 15 to 176 months (median: 56 months). There were 28 children and 3 adolescents, of which 28 were males. Twenty-nine patients (93.5%) presented dysphagia, of which 34.4% (10/29) were severe, 41.3% (12/29) were moderate and 24.1% (7/29) were mild. The median intake of grain, legume and fat servings was smaller in the liquid diet group (p<0.005). This group also had a significantly greater proportion of patients whose intakes were below those recommended by the food pyramid (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Nutritional support is extremely important in the treatment of patients with esophageal stricture, especially those with severe dysphagia. These patients need a liquid diet because of the nutritional risk associated with inadequate food intake, which also allows early introduction of the dietary treatment.
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    Consumo alimentar de micronutrientes entre pré-escolares no domicílio e em escolas de educação infantil do município de Caxias do Sul (RS)
    (Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, 2011-04-01) Bernardi, Juliana Rombaldi; De Cezaro, Carla; Fisberg, Regina Mara; Fisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Guilherme Pádua; Vítolo, Márcia Regina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the adequacy of preschool children's dietary micronutrient intake at home and in public and private kindergartens. METHODS: This cross-sectional study done in 2007 included 362 preschool children aged 2-6 years from Caxias do Sul (RS), Brazil. Food intake at school was assessed by the individual direct weighing method and at home by food records kept by the parents or caregivers. Dietary intakes of calcium, iron, folate, vitamin A, vitamin C and zinc were calculated according to meal location and type of school. RESULTS: Dietary iron, folate and vitamin C intakes were higher in kindergartens and dietary intakes of calcium, vitamin A and zinc were higher at home. Dietary intakes of iron (p=0.03), folate (p=0.03), vitamin A (p<0.01) and vitamin C (p<0.01) were significantly higher in private kindergartens and dietary intakes of calcium (p<0.01) and zinc (p<0.01) were significantly higher in public kindergartens. Intakes of iron, folate, vitamin A, vitamin C and zinc were adequate but only 67.4% of the children were ingesting enough calcium. CONCLUSION: Dietary intakes of calcium, vitamin A and zinc were higher at home even though the children remained at school during most of the day. The daily micronutrient intakes of children from private and public kindergartens were not significantly different despite the menu differences.
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    Consumo alimentar e alimentação saudável durante a pandemia Covid-19 no Brasil
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-02-08) Montez, João Filipe Dias de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Pinto, Ana Maria de Souza [UNIFESP]; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6104429791974852; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4047517625181247; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9073134200533873; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introdução: A declaração da situação de pandemia de COVID-19, em março de 2020, obrigou que as autoridades adotassem medidas de confinamento, que podem levar à alterações no comportamento alimentar. Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência do consumo de alimentos marcadores do hábito alimentar e as alterações causadas pela pandemia de COVID-19. Método: O estudo faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa que tratou de uma investigação em diferentes países, coletando através de um questionário on-line, aplicado de abril a junho de 2020, dados sociodemográficos, sobre a frequência de consumo de alimentos e se na pandemia o mesmo foi menor, igual ou maior. Para a análise de dados foram considerados os grupos de alimentos consumidos comumente no ambiente domiciliar e realizado teste do qui-quadrado para avaliar as diferenças entre os marcadores de consumo e as características sociodemográficas. Resultados: Um total de 282 indivíduos foram incluídos no estudo, sendo 75,5% do sexo feminino. A maior faixa etária (≥ 51) apresentou maior frequência do consumo de alimentos saudáveis e mínimas alterações no comportamento alimentar durante o confinamento. Foi encontrado aumento significativo do consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados pelos indivíduos com menor renda familiar (≤ R$3000) e com idade entre 26 e 35 anos durante a pandemia. Conclusão: Os indivíduos mais jovens apresentaram as maiores alterações no comportamento alimentar durante a pandemia. Uma intervenção deve ser realizada em relação ao aumento do consumo de alimentos não saudáveis observado, com foco em ações de promoção à saúde e de educação nutricional.
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    Consumo alimentar em creches públicas/ filantrópicas de São Paulo-SP
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-03-31) Longo-Silva, Giovana [UNIFESP]; Taddei, Jose Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To evaluate the energy intake and diet adequacy among children enrolled at nurseries of public and not-for-profit daycare centers in São Paulo City. Methods: Cross-sectional study aiming at assessing food consumption using the straight weighing method during three non-consecutive days. Nutrition values were achieved using Professional DietWin software. Diet adequacy was calculated using the following parameters: Estimated Energy Requirement – EER for energy; Estimated Average Requirement – EAR for protein, iron, vitamins C and A; Adequate Intake – AI for calcium since there is no EAR for this nutrient. Data were doubled entered, validated and analyzed using Epi Info. Results: Food consumption mean for the eight daycare centers has demonstrated that nutrients analyzed were inadequate for energy with deficits of iron and calcium, and excess of proteins, vitamins A and C. Distribution of adequacy percentuals for macronutrients showed inadequacy for lipids. Conclusion: The results allow the conclusion that the daily nutrition reccomendations for energy, iron and calcium were not attended while for protein , vitamin C and vitamin A reccomendations were exceded which reflects the necessity of critical assessment of São Paulo preschool food program.
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    Consumo da alimentação oferecida nas escolas públicas brasileiras e sua relação com fatores sociodemográficos e práticas alimentares: resultados da pesquisa nacional de saúde do escolar 2012
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-02-26) Locatelli, Nathalia Tarossi [UNIFESP]; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6104429791974852; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    INTRODUTION: The National School Food Program (PNAE) is one of the oldest programs in Brazil's food and nutrition security, with nationwide coverage, which serves all students enrolled in public schools in the country. The PNAE advocates to be offered a healthy and adequate food, with a variety of foods, insurance, respecting the culture, traditions, eating habits, according to age and health status in order to contribute to growth and development of students and to better academic performance. Given this context, it is essential that students consume the meals offered. OBJECTIVE: To describe the consumption of the food offered in public schools in Brazil and sociodemographic characteristics and the eating food practices, according to the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE). METHODS: It was used data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE) performed in 2012 with students from 9th grade of elementary school enrolled in public schools in all Brazilian capitals and the Federal District and municipalities of non-capital. Sociodemographic characteristics and the eating rotines of students were analyzed. To evaluate the difference between the students who consume and do not consume regularly the meal in school, in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, the chi-square test of Pearson was performed. The association between consumption of school meals and sociodemographic characteristics and eating routines was assessed by Poisson regression models univariate and multiple. As well for the analysis of the food consumed the day before the interview and consumption of food in school. The association analysis between food consumption in the last seven days and consumption of food in school, both adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, were carried out through multinomial regression. RESULTS: The study included 86,660 students from public schools, of these, 22.8% consume school meals. The consumption of school meals is higher among male students, who do not live in capitals, reside with their mother, living with father, working mothers with low education, for students who eat breakfast and lunch with parents. It was observed that consume school meals is positively associated with moderate and regular consumption of beans, raw or cooked vegetables, cooked vegetables and fruits; and the moderate consumption of raw vegetables. Yet, school feeding was negatively associated with moderate or frequent consumption of salty and cold meats; and the frequent use package of chips, crackers, sweet cookies and candies. For consumption the preceding days before the interview, the consumption of school food significantly influenced the consumption of raw salad, cooked vegetables or vegetables and fresh fruit. CONCLUSIONS: the regular consumption of school food is lower in students of the 9th grade of elementary school who attend public schools, and the consumer is influenced by sociodemographic and eating routines of students. Yet, school food positively influences the consumption of healthy food markers food and protect the teenagers consumption of unhealthy foods.
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    Dairy products consumption in Brazil is associated with socioeconomic and demographic factors: Results from the National Dietary Survey 2008-2009
    (Pontificia Universidade Catolica Campinas, 2017) Possa, Gabriela [UNIFESP]; de Castro, Michelle Alessandra; Sichieri, Rosely; Fisberg, Regina Mara; Fisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]
    Objective To estimate the consumption of dairy products in the Brazilian population. Methods Data from two non-consecutive food records from 34,003 individuals (aged >= 10 years) in the first Brazilian nationally representative dietary survey (2008-2009) were used to estimate the dairy products intake. Dairy products were divided into four major subgroups: cow's milk, cheese, yogurt and other dairy products. Absolute and relative frequencies of individuals in the population who reported consumption of dairy products in at least one of the two-day food record according to sex, age, geographic region and levels of per capita monthly family income were calculated. Moreover, the mean consumption of dairy products, as well as their nutritional contribution in total energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium intake was estimated. Results It was observed that only 43.0% of the population reported consuming dairy products, being the milk subgroup the most frequently consumed (21.1%). The prevalence of consumption was higher among females, elderly, residents of the South region, and among individuals from higher per capita monthly family income. The nutritional contribution of dairy products was less than 10.0% of total energy intake and for most nutrients and the mean daily consumption are justified was 101.8g. Conclusion Therefore, in view of the low intake of dairy products by Brazilian population and the nutritional benefits associated with this food group, public health strategies to increase dairy consumption are justified.
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    Deficiência de vitamina A em pré-escolares da cidade do Recife, Nordeste do Brasil
    (Archivos Latinoamericanos Nutricion, 2010-03-01) Azevedo, Maria Magdala Sales de; Cabral, Poliana Coelho; Diniz, Alcides da Silva; Fisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Fisberg, Regina Mara [UNIFESP]; Arruda, Ilma Kruze Grande de; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    Vitamin A deficiency in preschool children of Recife, Northeast of Brazil. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the extent of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among preschool children in the city of Recife, Northeast Brazil. The sample comprised 344 children of both sexes, 24 to 60 months old, in 18 public day care centres in the city of Recife, in 2007. The nutritional status of vitamin A was assessed by biochemical (serum retinol) and dietetic (vitamin A rich-food consumption) indicators and the pondo-stature status through anthropometric indicators weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height. The prevalence of hyporetinolemia (<0.70 mu mol / L) was 7.7% (IC95% 4.88 - 11.81), which characterizes the VAD as a light-type public health problem, according to World Health Organization criteria. On the other hand, 29.6% (IC95% 24.22 - 35.63) of children had acceptable or marginal levels (0.70 to 1.04 mu mol/L) of retinol. Regarding the vitamin A rich-food intake, values below the EAR (Estimated Average Requirement) - 210 mu g/day for children of 1 to 3 years old and 275 mu g/day for children of 4 to 8 years old - were 8.1% and 21.3% respectively. The prevalence of anthropometrical deficits (<-2 scores -Z) in preschool children were 2.5% for the indicator weight-for-age, 8.6% for height-for-age and 1.5% for weight-for-height. The research findings point out to the importance of institutionalization for the appropriate nutritional status of children and maintenance of adequate reserves of vitamin A. However, more studies are needed focusing on non-institutionalized preschool, or children living outside the privileged environment of public day care centres.
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    Densidade energetica da dieta de trabalhadores de São Paulo e fatores sociodemograficos associados*
    (Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva, 2013-06-01) Canella, Daniela Silva; Bandoni, Daniel Henrique [UNIFESP]; Jaime, Patricia Constante; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: This paper aims at analyzing the energy density (ED) of the diet of workers from the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, and the way this is associated with socio-demographic characteristics, as well as evaluating the relationship between ED and nutrient intake. Methods: A cross-sectional study evaluated the diet of 852 workers using the 24-hour dietary recall; one recall was applied to all individuals and a second one was applied to a sub-sample in order to adjust intrapersonal variability. The ED of the diet was calculated using three methods: inclusion of all solid foods and beverages, excluding water (ED 1); inclusion of all solid foods and beverages containing at least 5 kcal/100g (ED 2); and inclusion of all solid foods, excluding all beverages (ED 3). Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between ED and socio-demographic variables and the relationship between ED and nutrients was evaluated using Pearson coefficient correlation. Results: Considering the workers' diet, the ED values observed were 1.18 kcal/g, 1.22 kcal/g and 1.73 kcal/g for the ED 1, ED 2, ED 3 methods, respectively. In the multiple regression models, only the age variable was maintained in the final model and showed an inverse association with all ED methods. ED 3 showed an increase in energy density for non-white individuals. Of all studied nutrients, protein was the only one that was not significantly correlated with ED 3 (p = 0.899). Conclusion: The young adults studied had a higher energy-density diet, representing a priority group for nutrition interventions. Regardless of the calculation method used, there is a correlation between ED and nutrients.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Desenvolvimento e pré-teste de um questionário de frequência alimentar para graduandos
    (Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, 2010-10-01) Carvalho, Fernanda Sanches [UNIFESP]; Van Laer, Nathalie Marie [UNIFESP]; Sachs, Anita [UNIFESP]; Salvo, Vera Lúcia Morais Antonio de; Castro, Lucíola Sant'Anna de [UNIFESP]; Santos, Gianni Mara Silva dos [UNIFESP]; Akutsu, Rita de Cássia [UNIFESP]; Asakura, Leiko [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
    Objective The objective of this study was to develop and pretest a self-administered, quantitative food frequency questionnaire for undergraduate students of the health sciences. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with 151 undergraduate students of both genders from the Students' Healthcare Service of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil. The first version of the food frequency questionnaire was based on the foods and preparations listed in the 3-day food records. Tables were used to convert cooking units into grams or milliliters and the foods were ranked according to their percentage contribution to the total calorie intake. The 198 foods responsible for 95% of the energy intake were selected and grouped into 77 food items according to nutritional resemblance. Serving size was classified according to the 50th percentile of the weight distribution corresponding to the cooking units. Serving size was defined as small (S) when £25th percentile; average (A) when equal to the 50th percentile and large (L) when ≥75th percentile. Results The pretest of the first version of the questionnaire resulted in a final version with a list of 89 foods, grouped into 70 food groups. The instructions for filling out the questionnaire were rewritten to get better answers from the students. Conclusion After these changes, the quantitative food frequency questionnaire is ready for the validation and calibration study.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Differences between men and women in the quality of their diet: a study conducted on a population in Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
    (Abrasco, 2017) de Assumpcao, Daniela; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares [UNIFESP]; Fisberg, Regina Mara; Canesqui, Ana Maria; Barros, Marilisa Berti de Azevedo
    This study aimed to evaluate differences between men and women on a global index and for each component of the Brazilian Healthy Eating Revised-Index (BHEI-R), as well as with reference to associated factors of the BHEI-R. This is a cross-sectional population-based study which analyzed information for 949 adults. For each sex, the mean for BHEI-R and its components were estimated. Women showed higher scores in the components of: fruits, vegetables and milk. Amongst men, the score was higher only in the component of: meat and eggs. Regarding associated factors, important differences were observed between the sexes. For men, better scores were observed among those aged 40 years or over and for those who did not do anything to lose weight. For women, in relation to better quality of diet, the following was observed: the advancing age, the practice of physical activities in leisure time, not smoking, living with less than three people in their household and the presence of chronic diseases. The results pointed to the need to develop strategies to improve the quality of diets in adults, especially men.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Disponibilidade Domiciliar de Alimentos Regionais no Brasil: Distribuição e Evolução 2002-2018
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-11-23) Lucas da Silva, Marcos Anderson [UNIFESP]; Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4542068707177097; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707079652956028
    Introdução: O Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira (2014) recomenda que se prefiram sempre alimentos in natura ou minimamente processados, estimulando também a valorização cultural da diversidade de alimentos que representam aspectos de cada região do país. Estudos anteriores com inquéritos populacionais demonstraram que o consumo de alimentos in natura e minimamente vem diminuindo com o passar dos anos. Todavia, não há estudos específicos sobre o consumo de alimentos regionais com uma amostra representativa do território nacional. Objetivo: Descrever a disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos regionais em 2017-2018 e sua evolução no período de 2002 a 2018 nas Grandes Regiões brasileiras e no Brasil como um todo. Material e Métodos: Foram utilizados os dados das Pesquisas de Orçamentos Familiares de 2002-2003, 2008-2009 e 2017-2018 sobre aquisições de alimentos para consumo domiciliar. Alimentos regionais (frutas, legumes e verduras, leguminosas e tubérculos, raízes e cereais, e farinhas) foram identificados com base no livro Alimentos Regionais Brasileiros (2015). A quantidade adquirida de cada alimento foi convertida em energia com base na Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentar – USP. Foi calculada e participação relativa dos grupos de alimentos no total de energia disponível para o domicílio (% de energia). Foi utilizado modelos de regressão linear para avaliar as variações temporais das estimativas considerando o valor de P<0,05. Resultados: Alimentos regionais representaram, no Brasil como um todo, 3,69% do total de energia (frutas – 0,6%; legumes e verduras – 0,18%; leguminosas – 2,21%; tubérculos, raízes e cereais – 0,58%; farinhas – 0,12%) em 2002-2003, 3,12% (Frutas – 0,67%; legumes e verduras – 0,17%; leguminosas – 1,67%; tubérculos, raízes e cereais – 0,43%; farinhas – 0,16%) em 2008-2009, e 3,12% (frutas – 0,77%; legumes e verduras 0,18%; leguminosas – 1,49%; Tubérculos, raízes e cereais – 0,43%; farinhas – 0,23%) em 2017-2018. Por região, a participação calórica do total de alimentos regionais foi maior no Nordeste em todos os anos. Observou-se que a disponibilidade dos grupos de alimentos regionais caiu 15,98% entre os anos estudados (de 2002 para 2018). Apesar de tendência não ser uniforme, sua participação caiu principalmente pela queda do consumo de tubérculos, raízes e cereais, e leguminosas regionais, mas estagnou entre 2008 e 2018 pelo aumento no consumo de frutas e farinhas regionais. Conclusão: O baixo consumo de alimentos regionais neste estudo reforça a importância das ações que incentiva seu consumo.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Eficácia de intervenções m-health com técnicas de mudança comportamental no comportamento alimentar de adultos: uma revisão sistemática rápida
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-11-25) Yoshikawa, Carolina Yumi Cascão [UNIFESP]; Padovani, Ricardo da Costa [UNIFESP]; Silva, João Gabriel Sanchez Tavares da [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8662207917557867; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5442923292795249; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4083523432196819; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    O objetivo desta revisão sistemática rápida foi mapear as evidências científicas sobre quais técnicas de mudança de comportamento são eficazes e mais utilizadas em aplicativos para smartphones com a finalidade de promoção de mudança de comportamental no comportamento alimentar e desfechos clínicos em adultos. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed e PsychInfo no período de 2008 até maio de 2022. Os critérios de inclusão especificaram revisões sistemáticas com ou sem metanálise ou overviews que avaliaram o uso de aplicativos m-heatlh para promoção de mudança de comportamento alimentar: adesão à dieta, hábitos alimentares, consumo de alimentos saudáveis, ingestão de frutas, legumes e verduras, diminuição no consumo de alimentos ultra processados. A qualidade metodológica das revisões sistemáticas incluídas foi avaliada utilizando o AMSTAR2. Foram selecionados e mapeados seis estudos com uso de aplicativos que mostraram alguma avaliação da eficácia de intervenções em mudança de comportamento com foco no comportamento alimentar e desfechos correlacionados. Feedback e automonitoramento foram as técnicas de mudança de comportamento mais utilizadas pelos estudos incluídos nesta revisão e se mostraram eficazes. Foi concluído que todos os estudos selecionados apresentaram alguma eficácia nas intervenções de mudança de comportamento. Além do uso do aplicativo, as intervenções com multicomponentes apresentaram os melhores resultados, e os resultados apoiam o uso de técnicas de mudança de comportamento utilizadas em aplicativos.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Estado nutricional, consumo alimentar, ingestão hídrica e hábito intestinal de crianças em idade escolar
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2023-01-12) Oliveira, Júlia Fernanda de [UNIFESP]; Speridião, Patrícia da Graça Leite [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7520873457028761; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0829660262000773; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objetivo: avaliar o estado nutricional, o consumo alimentar, ingestão hídrica e a tipologia das fezes de crianças em idade escolar. Material e Método: estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal no qual pais e mães de escolares participaram de uma entrevista por videoconferência, sobre o estado nutricional, hábitos alimentares, ingestão hídrica e, tipologia das fezes de seus filhos matriculados em escola privada do município de Guarulhos, SP. Foram empregados o Questionário de Frequência Alimentar e o Dia Alimentar Habitual para conhecer, também, a frequência de consumo de Alimentos Ultraprocessados. Foram quantificadas a ingestão energética com base nos macronutrientes, micronutrientes e água. Além disso, a Escala de Bristol foi utlizada para a identificação do tipo de fezes. Resultados: o estudo contou com as informações de 11 crianças com idade entre 6 a 8 anos, de ambos os sexos. Dentre as crianças, 54,5% são eutróficas, entretanto, o excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade) representou 36,4%. Consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados foi observado em 54,5% das crianças, na frequência de duas vezes ao dia ou mais e, a contribuição energética desses alimentos, contribuiu com 41% da ingestão energética total, diária. As meninas consomem mais energia que os meninos, 1762,2 Kcal e 1576 Kcal, respectivamente. Meninos e meninas extrapolam a ingestão de carboidratos (212,7 g/dia - 130 g/dia) e proteínas (65,3 g/dia - 19 g/dia), no entanto, ingerem metade da necessidade de cálcio (500,4 mg/dia - 1000 mg/dia) e, há ingestão excessiva de vitamina C (160,3 mg/dia - 25 mg/dia) e A (600,7 µg/dia - 400 µg/dia). Zinco apresenta-se em maior adequação entre os micronutrientes (6,9 mg/dia - 5 mg/dia). O consumo de água entre as crianças se encontra abaixo do preconizado (1554,5 mL - 1700 mL). Fezes do tipo IV (normal) foram referidas para 36,4% das crianças e, tipo I (endurecidas) por 27,2%. Conclusão: De acordo com o grupo estudado, os escolares encontram-se eutróficos, porém, grande parte da sua ingestão alimentar se baseia nos alimentos ultraprocessados. A ingestão hídrica se mostra insuficiente e, quanto à tipologia das fezes, esses escolares apresentam padrão evacuatório característico de fezes normais a amolecidas.
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    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Estudo das condições de saúde das crianças do Município de São Paulo, SP (Brasil), 1984/1985: X - Consumo Alimentar
    (Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 1988-08-01) Szarfarc, Sophia Cornbluth; Monteiro, Carlos Augusto; Meyer, Mauricio; Tudisco, Eliete Salomon [UNIFESP]; Reis, Isildinha Marques Dos; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    As part of a broad epidemiological survey of the health conditions of under-fives, a random sample (n = 305) of children living in S. Paulo city (Brazil) was submitted to a 24-hour dietary recall. The main results were: a) from one year of age, food intake is not sufficiente to cover the energy requirements of a great part of the population; b) among all ages, but particularly in the two first years of life, dietary provision of iron is very far from the recommended requirements; c) at all ages, protein and vitamin A intakes are reasonably good. Those findings are consistent with the clinical and biochemical evaluation of nutritional status, conducted simultaneously by the survey. The social stratification of the families revealed that socioeconomic status exerts greater influence in the energy intake than in the iron intake. Different hypothesis were raised to explain the energy and iron deficiencies. In the case of energy, the basic cause seems to be the low purchasing power of the population which determines poor food availability and insufficient intake. In the case of iron, the same hypothesis seems to be applicable only after two years of age. Before this age, factors related to precocious weaning and to delay in the introduction of good sources of iron are apparently more important.