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- ItemSomente MetadadadosAnálise do gasto energético com o exercício e estimativa da energia disponível de atletas paralímpicos de atletismo(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-08-16) Joaquim, Daniel Paduan [UNIFESP]; Winckler, Ciro [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2067947156482139; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)There is a gap in the knowledge about the exercise energy expenditure (GEex) and the energy needs of athletes with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the GEex and the adequacy of the energy consumption through the evaluation of the Energy Availability (EA) of track & field Paralympic athletes. This study took place in two stages, following the calendar of the periodized evaluations of the High-Performance Program of the Brazilian Paralympic Committee. In the first stage, 23 athletes (15 men and 08 women) with visual impairment (VI, n=10), cerebral palsy (CP, n=4), limb deficiency (LD, n=3) and guides (GUIDE, n=6) had their GEex evaluated. Of the 23 athletes participating in the first stage, only 16 athletes of the VI and GUIDE groups (10 men and 6 women) were assessed in the second stage with the aim to identify the adequacy of energy consumption through the evaluation of EA. The assessment of body composition was performed using the skinfold method. The analysis of the food intake was carried out through a 4-day food photographic record. Dietary analysis was conducted using the software Avanutri® version 4.0. A multidirectional accelerometer Actical® version 3.10. Respironics, Inc. (USA), fixed to the body throughout their sports activities by an elastic tape on the hip, was used to monitor movements by means of acceleration, which allowed the estimation of the GEex. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS version 20.0 software. The descriptive analysis results are presented as median, standard error and confidence interval. The Wilcoxon test (p=0.05) was used to identify differences between women and men for each functional class. The Friedman test (p=0.05) was used to identify differences between the groups? medians of each variable, as well as to verify the difference between days. In the first stage, the results demonstrate that the consumption of energy in kcal/kg/day was below the recommendation for sprinters to all groups evaluated. The carbohydrate intake (g/kg) and lipids (% of VET) is in accordance with the recommendation. Daily protein intake (g/kg) was higher than recommended for all groups. The GEex was of 135 (14.6) kcal/hour, 5.3 MET; 102 (9.3) kcal/hour, 4.9 MET; 83 (11) kcal/hour, 5.9 MET and 97 (8.3) kcal/hour, 4.5 MET for GUIDE, VI, LD and CP, respectively. In the second stage of the study, EA values for both groups ranged from 23.7 to 48.7 kcal/kg/MLG/day, classified as being adequate for 56.3% of the athletes evaluated, being considered as adequate values higher than 30 kcal/kgMLG/day. However, VI group?s EA was higher than that of the GUIDE group (p=0.03). Three athletes of the GUIDE group presented an EA below 30kcal/kgMLG/day. Only in the VI group, two athletes had EA values above 45 kcal/kgMLG/day.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Applicability of predictive equations for resting energy expenditure in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea(Sbem-Soc Brasil Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 2017) Del Re, Mariana Pantaleão [UNIFESP]; Melo, Camila Maria de [UNIFESP]; Santos, Marcus Vinicius Lucio dos [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio deObjective: To investigate the applicability of predictive equations for resting energy expenditure (REE) in obese individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the effects of OSA severity on REE. Materials and methods: Twenty-nine obese men, 41.5 +/- 7 years old, with moderate and severe OSA were recruited. All subjects were submitted to a clinical polysomnography, body composition, and indirect calorimetry measurements. REE was also predicted by three different equations: Harris and Benedict (1919), Cunningham (1990), and DRI (2002). Results: No effects of OSA severity on REE were found. The measured REE (2416.0 +/- 447.1 kcal/day) and the REE predicted by equations were different from each other (F = 2713.88
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Caracterização da atividade física espontânea, flexilidade metabólica e homeostase glicêmica de camundongos durante o envelhecimento(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-12-10) Benfato, Izabelle Dias [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Camila Aparecida Machado de [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Carolina Prado de França [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7515875838702169; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4886067148875464; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3927755229507197; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)O Brasil caminha para um perfil demográfico cada vez mais envelhecido. O declínio no nível de atividade física que acompanha o processo de envelhecimento pode contribuir tanto para a alteração da composição corporal (redução da massa livre de gordura e aumento da massa de tecido adiposo) quanto para as doenças metabólicas, como o diabetes mellitus tipo 2, cuja prevalência aumenta com a idade. A atividade física espontânea (SPA), definida como movimentos corporais para a realização de atividades rotineiras (excetuando-se esportes e atividades de academia), é um importante componente do gasto energético, podendo representar mais de 50% da energia total diária gasta. Um dos sinalizadores mais importantes do status energético do corpo é o hormônio insulina, que ao agir no hipotálamo, tem como efeito reduzir a ingestão alimentar e parece aumentar a SPA. Dessa maneira, em função do potencial da insulina na regulação da atividade locomotora, o objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar se existe relação temporal entre alteração da sensibilidade à insulina (determinada través do teste de tolerância à insulina e da flexibilidade metabólica) e SPA em camundongos durante o processo de envelhecimento. Camundongos machos C57bl/6 (n=10) com 21 dias de idade foram alimentados com dieta padrão (AING-93G) por 10 meses. A SPA, o gasto energético e a flexibilidade metabólica foram avaliados no 1º, 4º, 8º e 10º mês. Utilizou-se um sistema à base de sensores infravermelhos (Harvard Apparatus) para analisar a SPA e, para o registro do gasto energético e da flexibilidade metabólica, foi utilizado um sistema de calorimetria indireta (Oxylet, Harvard Apparatus). Testes de tolerância à glicose (GTT –2 g de glicose/Kg) e à insulina (ITT –0.5 UI de insulina regular humana/Kg) intraperitoneal foram realizados no 4º e 8º mês. Para a análise estatística foram utilizados o teste t-student e ANOVA para medidas repetidas, com nível de significância pré-estabelecido de 5% (p<0,05). Houve um declínio significativo da SPA e do gasto energético à partir do 8º mês, coincidindo com a queda da sensibilidade a insulina avaliada pelo ITT. A flexibilidade metabólica, ao contrário do esperado, foi significativamente maior no 8º mês. O envelhecimento aumentou significativamente a área abaixo da curva (AUC) glicêmica durante o GTT, mostrando que os camundongos desenvolveram intolerância à glicose. Os resultados indicam que a sensibilidade à insulina determinada pelo ITT, mas não pela flexibilidade metabólica, é sensível ao processo de envelhecimento, e que a queda da sensibilidade à insulina parece estar envolvida na redução da SPA em camundongos em processo de envelhecimento.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosChronic lipoic acid treatment worsens energy imbalances in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats(Masson Editeur, 2009-04-01) Luz, J. [UNIFESP]; Zemdegs, J. C. S. [UNIFESP]; Amaral, L. S. G. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Aim. - Our objective was to verify the energy balance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats chronically treated with lipoic acid (LA).Methods. - Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin and the animals divided into four groups, comprising controls and diabetic rats, with each group receiving either daily intraperitoneal LA (30 mg/kg) or a buffer solution for 30 days. Body weight, food intake and stool and urine collections were recorded daily. On day 30, animals were sacrificed and the carcasses, faeces and urine collected and processed for calorimetric analysis. Blood glucose and insulin were also determined.Results. - All parameters of energy balance were affected by diabetes. LA treatment reduced weight gain, energy gain and gross food efficiency in both control and diabetic animals. However, the LA-treated animals tended to show higher energy expenditure than non-treated animals. Body composition was also affected by diabetes: fat content was impaired by LA treatment in both control and diabetic animals. the latter also showed increased glycaemia and decreased insulinaemia, but LA had no effect on these parameters.Conclusion. - Our results indicate that chronic treatment with LA aggravates energy imbalances in diabetic animals. Moreover, our data suggest the need to reconsider the use of LA as an adjuvant in the prevention and treatment of type 1 diabetes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Composição corporal, densidade mineral óssea e gasto energético de bailarinos contemporâneos de uma companhia de dança profissional(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-11-30) Paiva, Catharina Callil Joao [UNIFESP]; Zanella, Maria Teresa [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Andréa [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5258074280407484; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0797782255785305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1370933691728065; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)As condições físicas impostas aos dançarinos como tempo de treino, coreografia e desempenho são comparáveis a atletas de alto rendimento. Nem sempre o gasto energético dos ensaios é provido de forma adequada, ou por falta de orientação nutricional ou pela exigência de físicos magros com baixo percentual de gordura. Esse desequilíbrio nutricional aumenta o risco para fraturas ósseas e/ou lesões musculares graves e para o desenvolvimento de distúrbios orgânicos, tais como amenorreia, anemia, osteoporose, baixo peso, alteração da função reprodutiva e aumento do catabolismo do tecido muscular. Esses distúrbios já foram muito descritos nos bailarinos clássicos, porém há uma escassez de trabalhos com bailarinos contemporâneos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a adequação da composição corporal e da massa óssea de um grupo de homens e mulheres, bailarinos profissionais da dança contemporânea. Secundariamente, objetivamos avaliar a adequação do consumo alimentar em termos calóricos e de macronutrientes. A amostra foi composta por 65% de mulheres e 35% de homens; a média de idade dos homens foi de 32 anos e das mulheres foi de 34 anos; a média de anos de formação das bailarinas foi de 24 anos e dos bailarinos foi de 14 anos. Os homens apresentaram maior quantidade de massa magra. Embora a quantidade de gordura corporal tenha sido semelhante nos dois grupos, em termos porcentuais, as mulheres apresentaram quantidades maiores deste indicador. Os resultados obtidos na densitometria óssea também estão dentro da faixa de normalidade e não houve diferença significativa entre mulheres e homens. Não houve diferença significativa no GER entre homens e mulheres e os resultados encontrados no cálculo do registro alimentar de 72 horas mostram que todos os bailarinos têm consumo (em %) adequado de macronutrientes, como proteína e lipídeos, e abaixo do recomendado em carboidratos, segundo a American College of Sports Medicine. Todos os bailarinos foram eutróficos quanto aos dados antropométricos, de bioimpedância e de densitometria óssea. O consumo alimentar supriu o gasto energético de repouso, mas sugere ser insuficiente para o gasto com a atividade praticada.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEffect of Food Restriction on Energy Expenditure of Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Obese Rats(Karger, 2010-01-01) Luz, Jacqueline [UNIFESP]; Pasin, Victor P. [UNIFESP]; Silva, Daniel J. M. [UNIFESP]; Zemdegs, Juliane C. [UNIFESP]; Amaral, Livia S. [UNIFESP]; Affonso-Silva, Sylvia M. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to rodents leads to obesity in the adult animal, characterized by increased fat storages. Chronic food restriction is known to induce reduction in body energy expenditure, as an adaptive mechanism to save energy. Our purpose was to examine whether obesity can alter the mechanism of energy conservation in food-restricted animals. Newborn female Wistar rats were injected either MSG (obese) or saline (control). At the age of 90 days, the animals were fed daily ad libitum (control and MSG) or restricted (50%) (control-restricted and MSG-restricted). After 30 days the animals were sacrificed and the energy balance was determined by calorimetric analysis. Some parameters of energy balance and body composition were affected by MSG treatment as well as food restriction. the percent reduction of the energy expenditure and fat content in MSG-restricted animals was lower than control-restricted animals, when compared with their respective ad libitum groups. These results indicate that all food-restricted animals were able to develop the mechanism of energy conservation, regardless of the obesity, but it was less efficient in MSG-obese animals. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEvaluation of immediate impact of cane use on energy expenditure during gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis(Elsevier B.V., 2012-03-01) Jones, A.; Silva, P. G.; Silva, A. C.; Colucci, M. [UNIFESP]; Tuffanin, A. [UNIFESP]; Jardim, J. R. [UNIFESP]; Natour, J. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Purpose: the aim of the present study was to assess the immediate impact of cane use on energy expenditure during gait in patients with knee OA analyzing VO2.Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was carried out on 64 symptomatic patients with a diagnosis of knee OA. the assessment of energy expenditure was performed through an analysis of expired gases using the portable K4 apparatus (Cosmed, Model K4 b2, Italy) during the six-min walk test (6MWT). Two tests were performed with a cane and two without a cane on two different days within a seven-day period.Results: the patients walked farther on the test without the cane (p < 0.001). Oxygen expenditure (VO2) and the O-2 cost of walking at the end of the 6MWT increased approximately 50% and 80% during cane-assisted gait when compared to gait without the use of a cane (p < 0.001). Pain (Borg scale) decreased approximately 20% at the end of the 6MWT with cane-assisted gait in comparison to gait without a cane (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Cane use causes an immediate increase in energy expenditure (VO2) during gait and O-2 cost of walking and an immediate decrease of pain during gait. It is necessary to do a more prolonged follow up in order to assess the impact of daily cane use on energy expenditure among these patients and determine whether adaptation occurs. Furthermore, it is necessary to study whether daily cane use has a positive impact on important parameters in these patients, such as pain, function and quality of life. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Histórico da atividade física habitual dos pacientes com esclerose lateral amiotrófica(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-03-30) Pereira, Roberto Dias Batista [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Acary Souza Bulle [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3911841387107665; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4044980759880943; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To identify the historical profile of habitual physical activity in people with Motor Neurone Disease / Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (MND/ALS) and compared to healthy subjects. Methods: 202 subjects were selected, these 71 diagnosed with ALS, 18 with Paralysis Progressive Bulbar (PBP) and 8 with Family ELA (FAMILY), of the remaining 105 consisted of healthy individuals as a control group. The patients underwent medical evaluation, physiotherapy and all participants responded to the questionnaire on habitual physical activity Baecke, for periods from 10 to 20 years, 21 to 30 years, the last 12 months; and related will MND/ALS the last two years before the first symptom. Results: When comparing the scores of the questionnaire was shown that patients with MND/ALS, regardless of the type of disease evolution, performed more habitual physical activity (HPA) from 10 to 20 years, especially the occupational physical activity (OPA), and OPA from 21 to 30 years compared with the control group. The OPA more strongly related with the development of the disease was the Farmer (30% of patients), regardless of subtype classification, in the period from 10 to 20 years old. Earlier detection of initial symptoms was more related to HPA more intense, between 21 and 30 years, in patients with Family ALS, and OPA more intense in the last two years before the appearance of symptoms. Greater physical activity in leisure and locomotion (LLA) in the period from 10 to 20 years, especially men, was related to the need to use a wheelchair later. The HPA most intense the last 12 months was related to an earlier need to use wheelchair and installation of noninvasive mechanical ventilation and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Conclusions: The history of habitual physical activity most intense in patients with MND/ALS, especially OPA, has a direct bearing on the development of the disease, in anticipation of need for special care.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosHypermetabolism and altered substrate oxidation in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy(Elsevier B.V., 2012-09-01) Vassimon, Helena S.; Albuquerque de Paula, Francisco Jose; Machado, Alcyone A.; Monteiro, Jacqueline P.; Jordao, Alceu A.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)-associated lipodystrophy syndrome compromises body composition and produces metabolic alterations, such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. This study aims to determine whether energy expenditure and substrate oxidation are altered due to human HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome.Methods: We compared energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in 10 HIV-infected men with lipodystrophy syndrome (HIV+LIPO+), 22 HIV-infected men without lipodystrophy syndrome (HIV+LIPO-), and 12 healthy controls. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were assessed by indirect calorimetry, and body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. the substrate oxidation assessments were performed during fasting and 30 min after eucaloric breakfast consumption (300 kcal).Results: the resting energy expenditure adjusted for lean body mass was significantly higher in the HIV+LIPO+ group than in the healthy controls (P = 0.02). HIV-infected patients had increased carbohydrate oxidation and lower lipid oxidation when compared to the control group (P < 0.05) during fasting conditions. After the consumption of a eucaloric breakfast, there was a significant increase in carbohydrate oxidation only in the HIV+LIPO- and control groups (P < 0.05), but there was no increase in the HIV+LIPO+ group.Conclusion: Hypermetabolism and alteration in substrate oxidation were observed in the HIV+LIPO+ group. (C)2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)O impacto da prática de corrida de aventura sobre a antropometria e o balanço energético de atletas(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-03-17) Sureira, Thaiz Mattos [UNIFESP]; Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8832817042816318; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2148739634320316; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The purpose of this work is to evaluate the wast and energetic intake, the anthropometrics and the handgrip strength, as well as the subjective perception of the athletes strain in an Adventure Race before, during and after the national competition circuit. Twenty-one athletes took place in this event from 24 to 48 years of age. This evaluation was held within six steps: step1 (30 days before the competition), step 2 (7 days before competion) step 3 (during the briefing), step 4 (during the competition), step 5 (at the end of the competition) and step 6 (7 days after the competition). The athlets were submitted to an anthropometric measure, handgrip strength and to energy intake and waste. Between step 3 and 5 we observe an average weight loss of 1,92kg (p<0,001), a decrease in fat percentage (an average of 0,74%), as well as within the anthropometric measures: the quantity of fat-free mass , rate of body mass and muscular area of the arm, reflecting the negative energetic balance. The evaluation of energy intake and macronutrients pointed out oscillation between the steps before and during and after the test, as much as in the hole consuming as in the relative one (g/kg of wheight). The results indicate that the Adventure Racers compete in a negative energy balance condition and the test structure directly affects the percentage of this deficit, as well as the food chosen during the competition.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosNutritional intake during a simulated adventure race(Human Kinetics Publ Inc, 2008-04-01) Zimberg, Ioná Zalcman [UNIFESP]; Crispim, Cibele Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Juzwiak, Claudia Ridel [UNIFESP]; Antunes, Hanna Karen Moreira [UNIFESP]; Edwards, Ben; Waterhouse, Jim; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Liverpool John Moores UnivThe objective of the study was to describe the food intake of adventure racers during a competition simulated in the laboratory. Ten male athletes with international experience in adventure races took part in the study. The experiment lasted 67 hr (total distance covered 477.3 km), but 3 athletes did not finish the race. Food intake was recorded throughout the simulation. Athletes' total energy expenditure was greater than their total energy intake (24,516 vs. 14,738 kcal), and the athletes obtained significantly more energy from food than from supplements. Carbohydrate intake was below the recommendation of 0.5-1.0 g . kg(-1) . hr(-1). These results indicate that guidelines for multiday adventure races are needed.