Navegando por Palavras-chave "Driving while impaired"

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    Drinking and driving in southeastern Brazil: Results from a roadside survey study
    (Elsevier B.V., 2013-01-01) Campos, Valdir Ribeiro [UNIFESP]; Souza e Silva, Rebeca de; Duailibi, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]; Palacios, Ester Nakamura; Grube, Joel W.; Pinsky, Ilana [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed Espirito Santo; Prevent Res Ctr PIRE
    Objective: the objective of this study is to present data from a roadside survey study on drinking and driving and alcohol consumption in southeastern Brazil.Methods: A cross-sectional roadside survey study using a questionnaire and breathalyzer data is the method used to determine the prevalence of drinking and driving and to examine whether socio-demographic characteristics and drivers' behavior, attitude and alcohol consumption predicted positive blood alcohol content (MC). the data were gathered from 2005 to 2007 through roadside surveys conducted on high volume public roads in four cities in southeastern Brazil. A total of 4182 randomly selected drivers took part in the research. of these drivers, 3488 (83.4%) completed the questionnaire and agreed to take a breath test.Results: Overall, 24.6% of drivers had a detectable blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and 15.9% had a BAC above the legal limit (0.6 g/l) at the time of the study. Logistic regression controlling for locale (city), sex, age and marital status was used to predict whether each driver would present a positive breath test. Socio-demographic characteristics, driving behaviors and attitudes, and alcohol consumption patterns were included as predictors. These analyses indicated that those who believed drinking and driving was a serious offense were about two-thirds as likely to have a positive breath test, and that drivers reporting a pattern of regular alcohol use were three times as likely to have a positive breath test.Conclusions: These findings indicate that drinking and driving is relatively common in Brazil, and that it occurs considerably more frequently than similar surveys suggest, is the case in other countries. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    The effect of the new traffic law on drinking and driving in São Paulo, Brazil
    (Elsevier B.V., 2013-01-01) Campos, Valdir Ribeiro [UNIFESP]; Souza e Silva, Rebeca de [UNIFESP]; Duailibi, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Santos, Jose Florentino dos; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]; Pinsky, Ilana [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To present data on drinking and driving in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and the effects of the new traffic law (Law 11,705) introduced in 2008.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a questionnaire and passive breath test data to study the prevalence of drinking and driving and the association of drinking and driving with background characteristics and drinking patterns on two separate occasions. the data were gathered from 2007 to 2009 through roadside surveys conducted on busy public roads. Four thousand two-hundred thirty-four (4234) drivers were approached, before and after prohibition, from the south, north, east, and west regions of the city of São Paulo, located in southeastern Brazil, including cars, motorcycles, and utility vehicles. A total of 3854 (91%) consented to participate in the survey and answered the questionnaire. Out of this group, 3229 (84%) agreed to take the passive breathalyzer test.Results: Logistic regression analyses controlling for gender and age was used to predict a positive breath test (above 0.2 g/l) and the impact of the new law. These analyses indicated that, after the passage of the new traffic law, there was a 45% decrease in driver behavior with positive breathalyzer results. Having a pattern of alcohol consumption of at least once a week and the habit of drinking and driving are risks for a positive breathalyzer.Conclusions: Despite the decline in the frequency of motorists driving under the influence of alcohol, traffic-related injuries and deaths, after the new law, other measures for a public policy related to alcohol should be considered based on scientific evidence, consistency of action, clear goals, community support, and greater reliability in the laws. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.