Navegando por Palavras-chave "Comparative study"

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    Aderências peritoneais produzidas experimentalmente em ratos: estudo comparativo
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 1987) Koh, Ivan Hong Jun [UNIFESP]; Pinus, José [UNIFESP]
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    Agreement between optical coherence tomography and fundus fluorescein angiography in post-cataract surgery cystoid macular edema
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2003-12-01) Mitne, Somaia [UNIFESP]; Paranhos Junior, Augusto [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Ana Paula Silvério [UNIFESP]; Guia, Tércio [UNIFESP]; Bordon, Arnaldo [UNIFESP]; Moraes, Nilva Simeren Bueno de [UNIFESP]; Farah, Michel Eid [UNIFESP]; Bonomo, Pedro Paulo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the agreement between optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) regarding the detection of cystoid macular edema (CME) following cataract surgery. METHODS: Retrospective comparative observational series of 25 eyes with suspected CME. Patients with low visual acuity and alterations in fundus biomicroscopy after cataract surgery underwent OCT scanning followed by FFA on the same visit. The diagnosis of CME was established considering fluorescein leakage on FFA and retinal thickness and/or cystoid spaces and/or subretinal fluid on OCT. RESULTS: Twenty-five eyes of 25 patients were enrolled. Twenty-two eyes had similar results on both OCT and FFA, of which 15 eyes had CME and 7 eyes had no CME. Two eyes had CME detected only by FFA and one eye only by OCT. The agreement between the two examinations was good (Kappa = 0.7331; p=0.0001) with no tendency to have neither more positive nor negative findings (p=1.0). CONCLUSION: According to these preliminary data, OCT seems to be as effective as FFA to detect CME with a good agreement between the two techniques.
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    Alterações da microbiota conjuntival e palpebral após uso tópico de lomefloxacina e tobramicina na cirurgia de catarata e cirurgia refrativa
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2002-01-01) Hofling-Lima, Ana Luisa [UNIFESP]; Farah, Michel Eid [UNIFESP]; Montenegro, Luciano [UNIFESP]; Alvarenga, Lênio Souza; Chalita, Maria Regina Catai; You, Maria Cecília Zorat [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purpose: To determine the changes in the conjunctival and palpebral flora after topical use of 0.3% lomefloxacin and 0.3% tobramycin eye drops in the preoperative management of patients submitted to cataract and refractive surgery and to assess the chemosensitivity of bacterial isolates from the conjunctiva and eyelid to these antibiotics. Methods: A prospective study of the conjunctival and palpebral flora of patients submitted to cataract or to refractive (PRK or LASIK) surgery was performed. An analysis of the conjunctival and palpebral flora was carried out in patients before surgery without prophylaxis, after surgery during the use of prophylaxis (0.3% lomefloxacin or 0.3% tobramycin qid) and after discontinuation of the antibiotic. Results: Tobramycin and lomefloxacin reduced the number of positive cultures in specimens from the conjunctiva and eyelid of individuals submitted to cataract and refractive surgery. In both groups, isolated microorganisms displayed a greater resistance to tobramycin. In the group submitted to cataract surgery, patients treated with prophylactic tobramycin showed a slower recovery of the flora after discontinuation of the antibiotic than those treated with lomefloxacin, with the opposite occurring in the group submitted to refractive surgery. Conclusion: Both lomefloxacin and tobramycin were effective in reducing conjunctival and palpebral flora during drug administration. This reduction was more marked in the conjunctiva. Among the various bacterial isolates, there was a greater resistance to tobramycin than to lomefloxacin. The use of antibiotics reduced the incidence of positive cultures more for the conjunctiva than the eyelids.
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    Análise comparativa entre a refração clínica subjetiva e a automatizada obtida por sensor de frentes de onda
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2007-08-01) Freitas, Wilson de [UNIFESP]; Melo Júnior, Luiz Alberto Soares [UNIFESP]; Schor, Paulo [UNIFESP]; Campos, Mauro Silveira de Queiroz [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare refractive errors obtained through clinical subjective and automatized wavefront refraction analyses in eyes under cycloplegia. METHODS: Prospective study of 147 patients, 279 eyes, undergoing preoperative examination for refractive surgery. Clinical subjective refraction was performed first followed by wavefront refraction. Results on astigmatism obtained from refraction were decomposed in power vectors for statistical analyses. Data were first analyzed in one eye and then in both eyes. RESULTS: The mean difference between clinical subjective refraction and automatized wavefront refraction on cycloplegic eyes was of -0.19 SD combined with -0.06 CD in the 15º axis for data in one eye, and -0.17 SD combined with -0.05 CD in the 3º axis for data in both eyes of the same patient. CONCLUSION: In the present study clinical subjective refraction and automatized wavefront refraction under cycloplegia had similar numerical values.
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    Análise comparativa entre as escalas funcionais do membro superior WMFT e ARAT utilizadas na avaliação da terapia por contensão induzida em pacientes com AVC isquêmico
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2008-07-30) Assis, Rodrigo Deamo [UNIFESP]; Massaro, Ayrton Roberto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The Constraint-induced Movement therapy (CIMT) is an intervention which main goal is the recuperation of affected upper extremity in hemiparetic patients with acquired encephalic lesion. Its protocol consists by an intensive treatment of two consecutive weeks with six hours of exercises and the wear of arm sling in non affected upper arm during 90% of daily activities. The motor improvement of CIMT is validity by the functional evaluation scales of upper extremity (FESUE) Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT). Objective: Realize a comparative analysis between both scales. Methodology: The FESUE had been applied during four different times in 17 patients with diagnosis of ischemic stroke, who made individually the CIMT during two weeks and six hours of exercises and after made a comparative analysis between the FESUE by time for application, time for preparation of the table, reproducibility and factorial analysis. Results: Decreased in score of FESUE WMFT and increased in score of FESUE ARAT after CIMT, no significant variation in the score between before and after CIMT of the FESUE, decreased in time to preparation the table and application of FESUE in both scales and the factorial analysis showed two and three qualitative components in FESUE ARAT and WMFT, respectively. Conclusions: Both FESUE can measure the therapeutics gains of CIMT, with high reproducibility, but the time for application and preparation of the table are minor in FESUE ARAT and only the FESUE WMFT shows the qualitative component “laterality”.
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    Aqueous humor concentrations of topical fluoroquinolones alone or in combination with a steroid
    (Consel Brasil Oftalmologia, 2017) Rodrigues Gomes, Rachel Lopes [UNIFESP]; Viana, Rodrigo Galvao; Soares Melo, Luiz Alberto, Jr. [UNIFESP]; Cruz, Alessandro Carvalho [UNIFESP]; de Souza Lima Filho, Acacio Alves [UNIFESP]; Suenaga, Eunice Mayumi [UNIFESP]; Campos, Mauro [UNIFESP]
    Purpose: To compare the aqueous humor (AH) concentrations of moxifloxacin 0.5% and gatifloxacin 0.3% solutions alone or when treatment was combined with steroids, and to correlate these concentrations with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for the most common endophthalmitis-causing organisms. Methods: Patients undergoing phacoemulsification were enrolled to receive one drop of one of the following solutions: moxifloxacin (G1), moxifloxacin + dexamethasone (G2), gatifloxacin (G3), or gatifloxacin + c (G4), every 15 min, 1h before surgery. AH samples were collected before surgery and analyzed using HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: The mean antibiotic concentrations in the AH were: G1= 1280.8 ng/mL, G2= 1644.3 ng/mL, G3= 433.7 ng/mL and G4= 308.1 ng/mL. The mean concentrations statistically differed between G1 and G2 (p=0.01), and G3 and G4 (p=0.008). All samples achieved the MIC for Staphylococcus epidermidis 100% of the samples from G1 and G2, and 97% from G3 and G4 reached the MIC for fluoroquinolone-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 100% of the samples from G1 and G2, 88% from G3, and 72% from G4 reached the MIC for enterococci (p<0.001) and 100% of samples from G1 and G2, 59% from G3, and 36% from G4 reached the MIC for Streptococcus pneumoniae (p<0.001). For fluoroquinolone-resistant S. aureus, 23% from G1, 44% from G2, and no samples from G3 or G4 achieved the MIC (p<0.001). Conclusions: Moxifloxacin + dexamethasone demonstrated a higher concentration in the AH than the moxifloxacin alone. Gatifloxacin + steroids demonstrated less penetration into the anterior chamber than gatifloxacin alone. Moxifloxacin was superior to gatifloxacin considering the MIC for enterococci, S. pneumoniae, and fluoroquinolone-resistant S. aureus.
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    Avaliação das alterações precoces na coróide e esclera ocorridas em coelhos hipercolesterolêmicos: estudo histológico e histomorfométrico
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2009-02-01) Torres, Rogil José de Almeida [UNIFESP]; Maia, Maurício [UNIFESP]; Noronha, Lucia; Farah, Michel Eid [UNIFESP]; Luchini, Andréa; Brik, Décio; Muccioli, Cristina [UNIFESP]; Précoma, Dalton Bertolin; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal dHospital de Olhos Oeste Paulistae São Paulo Serviço de Cirurgia Vitreorretiniana; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Departamento de Patologia; Centro Oftalmológico de Curitiba; Hospital Angelina Caron; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Departamento de Cardiologia
    PURPOSE: To demonstrate experimentally, by means of histological and histomorphometric examinations, the sclera and choroid degenerative alterations, which take place at an early stage due to a hypercholesterolemic diet. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups: CG (control group) of 6 rabbits (6 eyes) received a regular diet for 6 weeks; G1, of 12 rabbits (12 eyes), was first fed a 1% cholesterol diet (Sigma-Aldrich) for 2 weeks and then from the 14th day on a 0.5% cholesterol diet (Sigma-Aldrich). The eyes underwent a histological analysis, stained with hematoxiline-eosine, and a morphometric examination. The histomorphometric analysis was performed in the posterior region, adjacent to the optic disk, and in the peripheral region. RESULTS: The CG presented a mean sclera and choroid thickness of 228.61 ± 31.71 micrometers in the peripheral region, while the thickness in the posterior region was approximately 246.07 ± 25.66 micrometers. In G1, these values were 303.56 ± 44.21 micrometers in the peripheral region and 295.59 ± 62.59 in the posterior region. There was a statistically significant difference in the sclera and choroid thickness between the groups in the peripheral region (p<0.001); however, this difference did not occur in the posterior region (p=0.250). The large number of histiocytes and collagen fibers accounted for the increase of G1 wall thickness in relation to CG. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the hypercholesterolemic diet in rabbits induces a fast increase in the choroid and sclera thickness, mainly due to the increase in the number of histiocytes and collagen fibers.
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    Características morfológicas, histoquímicas e imunoistoquímicas dos tendões dos músculos semitendíneo e grácil: estudo comparativo entre os sexos
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, 2008-05-01) Pereira Júnior, Edgard Dos Santos [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Edgard Dos Santos; Nakama, Gilberto Yoshinobu [UNIFESP]; Luzo, Marcus Vinicius Malheiros [UNIFESP]; Carneiro Filho, Mário [UNIFESP]; Navarro, Ricardo Dizioli [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de Santo Amaro Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the morphologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tendons of the semitendinosus and the gracilis muscles to be used as autograft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgeries in men and in women. METHODS: Tendon samples of the semitendinosus and gracilis muscles of 36 patients (36 knees) were evaluated. Ages ranged from 15 to 46 years, with a mean of 29.3 years. Regarding color, 33 patients were caucasian, and three were non-caucasian. Regarding the sid, 23 knees were right knees, and 13 were left knees. Patients were divided into two groups: men (n = 20) and women (n = 16). Tendon samples were submitted to histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were seen with respect to age, race, side, inflammatory process, vascularization, and alcioanophilia between the groups under evaluation. There was increased cellularity of semitendinosus muscle tendons when compared to gracilis muscle tendons (males p = 0.03, and females p = 0.22). The authors could observe that women show a trend to greater presence of calcifications in the tendons of the semitendinosus and the gracilis muscles (p = 0.06 and p = 0.09), and to increased degeneration of the collagen fibers of the semitendinosus muscle tendons (p = 0.06). Regarding the presence of estrogen receptors in the tendons of semitendinosus and gracilis muscles, they observed an increased number of receptors in male patients. CONCLUSION: The different genders showed morphologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical differences in the tendons of the semitendinosus between the tendons of the gracilis and semitendinosus muscles in the male gender.
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    Comparação a longo prazo entre a facectomia extracapsular combinada à trabeculectomia e à facotrabeculectomia
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2002-12-01) Mandia Jr., Carmo; Kasahara, Niro; Seixas, Francisco Soares [UNIFESP]; Paolera, Maurício Della; Almeida, Geraldo Vicente De; Cohen, Ralph; Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Faculdade de Ciências Médicas; Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Serviço de Glaucoma; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) combined with trabeculectomy and combined phacoemulsification/trabeculectomy. Methods: The records of 46 patients (53 eyes) who underwent combined glaucoma and cataract surgery at the Santa Casa de São Paulo between January 1996 and November 1999 were reviewed. Results: After a mean follow-up of 18 months, visual acuity improved and intraocular pressure decreased in both groups after surgery (P<0.05). In the phacofiltration group 55.5% of eyes achieved intraocular pressure < 22 mmHg without medication as compared to 46.1% in the extracapsular cataract extraction/trabeculectomy group (P=0.3). Conclusion: Both techniques proved to be safe and efficacious in the treatment of glaucoma and cataract. However, the phacofiltration surgery seems to promote lower intraocular pressure without additional medication in a larger number of eyes.
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    Comparação da função visual e do índice de qualidade de vida com uso de óculos ou de lente de contato progressiva
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2006-06-01) Sant'anna, Neusa Vidal [UNIFESP]; Schor, Paulo [UNIFESP]; Lipener, César [UNIFESP]; Uras, Ricardo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To compare the visual function and the answers to a questionnaire of quality of life of patients wearing a progressive contact lens or eyeglasses. METHODS: The Focus Progressive® contact lens had been fitted in 35 patients with far visual acuity with progressive-addition eyeglasses equal to zero (log MAR) and near J1 (Jaeger). The far and near visual acuities and the measurement of contrast sensitivity were compared when the patients were wearing the eyeglasses or the contact lens and the patients' results of the scores of the quality of life questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) were analyzed statistically considering the type of ametropy and the age. RESULTS: The far and near visual acuities and the contrast sensitivity measurement were worse with the contact lens than with eyeglasses. The answers to the questionnaire did not differ when were comparing the same patients wearing eyeglasses or contact lens, no matter the type of ametropy. The myopic and the hyperopic subgroups had worse answers to the quality of life questionnaire when corrected with the contact lens than with eyeglasses, both with age equal to or less than their median. CONCLUSIONS: The visual function was worse with the contact lens. The type of ametropy did not influence the answers to the quality of life questionnaire considering the optical correction, but age did.
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    Comparação entre a azitromicina e a amoxicilina no tratamento da exacerbação infecciosa da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia, 2007-02-01) Andre-alves, Mara Rúbia; Jardim, José Roberto [UNIFESP]; Silva, Rodney Frare E; Fiss, Elie; Freire, Denison Noronha; Teixeira, Paulo José Zimermann; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Paraná Departmento de Clínica Médica; Faculdade de Medicina do ABC; Universidade Estadual de Londrina Centro de Ciências da Saúde Departmento de Clínica Médica; Santa Casa de Porto Alegre Pavilhão Pereira Filho
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of azithromycin and amoxicillin in the treatment of patients with infectious exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS: This study was conducted at six medical centers across Brazil and included 109 patients from 33 to 82 years of age. Of those, 102 were randomized to receive either azithromycin (500 mg/day for three days, n = 49) or amoxicillin (500 mg every eight hours for ten days, n = 53). The patients were evaluated at the study outset, on day ten, and at one month. Based on the clinical evaluation of the signs and symptoms present on day ten and at one month, the outcomes were classified as cure, improvement, or treatment failure. The microbiological evaluation was made through the culture of sputum samples that were considered appropriate samples only after leukocyte counts and Gram staining. Secondary efficacy evaluations were made in order to analyze symptoms (cough, dyspnea, and expectoration) and pulmonary function. RESULTS: There were no differences between the groups treated with azithromycin or amoxicillin in terms of the percentages of cases in which the outcomes were classified as cure or improvement: 85% vs. 78% (p = 0.368) on day ten; and 83% vs. 78% (p = 0.571) at one month. Similarly, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the secondary efficacy variables or the incidence of adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Azithromycin and amoxicillin present similar efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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    Comparação entre membrana amniótica com e sem epitélio como substrato para cultura de células epiteliais do limbo ex vivo
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2011-04-01) Covre, Joyce Luciana [UNIFESP]; Loureiro, Renata Ruoco [UNIFESP]; Cristovam, Priscila Cardoso [UNIFESP]; Ricardo, José Reinaldo da Silva [UNIFESP]; Freymüller-Haapalainen, Edna [UNIFESP]; Gomes, José Álvaro Pereira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and ultrastructural aspects of human limbal epithelial cells cultured on amniotic membrane (AM) with and without epithelium. METHODS: Limbal epithelial cell cultures were established from cadaveric cor neo-scleral rim explants derived from 6 different donors. The explants from each donor were placed under 3 different groups: on human preserved AM with epithelium (Group 1), AM deepithelialized with trypsin (Group 2) and control (Group 3). The epithelial cell migration was evaluated under phase contrast microscopy. After 15 days, the amniotic membrane with cells cultures were removed and submitted to scanning and transmission electron microscopy to check for epithelial migration and adhesion. RESULTS: All epithelial cell cultures from the controls grew over the botton of the culture plate wells until reaching confluence. Epithelial cultures grew over all but one denuded amniotic membrane. In the group amniotic membrane with epithelium, epithelial cell growing was observed only in 1 well. CONCLUSIONS: Using this model, denuded amniotic membrane appeared to be the best substrate for epithelial cell migration and adhesion comparing to amniotic membrane with epithelium. Removal of amniotic membrane epithelial seems to be an important step for establishing limbal epithelial cell culture on amniotic membrane.
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    Comparação entre os resultados pós-operatórios de pacientes submetidos ao procedimento tríplice e transplante de córnea combinado a fixação secundária de lente intra-ocular
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2006-08-01) Leão, Daniela Maggioni Pereira; Sousa, Luciene Barbasa De [UNIFESP]; Universidade de Alfenas; Hospital Oftalmológico de Sorocaba setor de Córnea e Doenças Externas; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Hospital Oftalmológico de Sorocaba
    PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes of two surgical techniques of penetrating keratoplasty with different surgical time, regarding the crystalline and the intraocular lens. METHODS: This retrospective study included 37 patients' eyes divided into 2 groups: extracapsular cataract extraction, posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and penetrating keratoplasty (Group 1, G1) and transscleral fixation of posterior chamber lens and penetrating keratoplasty (Group 2, G2). The following parameters were recorded: visual acuity, intraocular pressure, refractive astigmatism, complication and keratometric astigmatism. RESULTS: Visual acuity improved in the two groups (G1 p<0.001 and G2 p=0.008). In G2 a significant change for the worse of intraocular pressure outcome was observed when compared with the other group (p=0.014). Regarding refractive and keratometric astigmatism no significant differences between the groups were found. The follow-up was 11 months. CONCLUSION: The most important negative prognostic factor affecting visual acuity was the postkeratoplasty corneal curvature which can not be predicted accurately and the most important negative factor affecting intraocular pressure was the loss of integrity of the anterior and posterior segments.
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    Concentração de proteínas no humor aquoso de pacientes com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto em tratamento clínico
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2007-03-01) Prata, Tiago dos Santos [UNIFESP]; Navajas, Eduardo Vitor [UNIFESP]; Melo Junior, Luiz Alberto Soares [UNIFESP]; Martins, João Roberto Maciel [UNIFESP]; Nader, Helena Bonciani [UNIFESP]; Belfort, Rubens Junior [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To compare total protein concentration in the aqueous humor of primary open-angle glaucoma and non-glaucomatous patients. METHODS: Aqueous humor samples were obtained from 22 patients just before trabeculectomy for clinically uncontrolled primary open angle glaucoma (POAG group). Aqueous humor (0.1 mL) was aspirated by inserting a 26-gauge needle into the anterior chamber. The same procedure was performed in 22 non-glaucomatous patients just before cataract surgery (control group). Immediately after collection, the aqueous humor was stored at -20°C. Aqueous humor total protein concentration was determined using a colorimetric assay. RESULTS: The geometric mean of total protein concentration of the aqueous humor samples was 32 mg/dL (range: 8-137 mg/dL) in the primary open angle glaucoma group and 16 mg/dL (range: 2-85 mg/dL) in the control group. The ratio of the protein concentration between the two groups was 2.0 (95% confidence interval: 1.3 to 3.2; p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The total protein concentration in primary open-angle glaucoma aqueous humor was approximately two times higher than that in non-glaucomatous subjects.
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    Condromalácia de patela: comparação entre os achados em aparelhos de RM de alto e baixo campo magnético
    (Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem, 2006-06-01) Freire, Maxime Figueiredo de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Artur da Rocha Correa [UNIFESP]; Juliano, Yara; Novo, Neil Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Carneiro Filho, Mario [UNIFESP]; Freire Filho, Edison de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Alex Franco de; Silva, Débora da Costa; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Santo Amaro Faculdade de Medicina; Universidade Federal de Sergipe; Universidade Santo Amaro
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of low-field-strength and high-field-strength magnetic resonance imaging equipments for evaluation of the patella articular cartilage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was developed using GRE 2D, GRE 3D, FSE T2, STIR sequences (low-field) and TSE T2 SPIR sequence. Each sequence has been separately analyzed for evaluation of the cartilage without knowledge of other sequences results or any patients data; the lesion was assigned a grade from 0 to 3 and had its location defined. Agreement and disagreement results were analyzed by Kappa and McNemar tests. RESULTS: Medial facet has presented low agreement index and disagreements showed to be significantly overestimated. Lateral facet has presented a reasonable agreement index and disagreement index was not significant. Medial ridge has presented a reasonable agreement index and disagreement index has showed to be underestimated. CONCLUSION: The STIR sequence versus TSE T2 SPIR sequence has presented the higher agreement index. High grade lesions are better characterized by low-field-strength magnetic resonance imaging equipment sequences. Areas of increased signal intensity make difficult the study of the patella medial facet cartilage in low-field-strength equipment.
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    Correlação entre sinais e sintomas de olho seco em pacientes portadores da síndrome de Sjögren
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2008-08-01) Barboza, Marcello Novoa Colombo; Barboza, Guilherme Novoa Colombo; Melo, Gustavo Mendonça de; Sato, Elcio Hideo [UNIFESP]; Dantas, Maria Cristina Nishiwaki; Dantas, Paulo Elias Correa; Felberg, Sérgio; Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Departamento de Oftalmologia
    PURPOSE: To study the correlation between the signals and symptoms of dry eye in Sjögren's syndrome patients. METHODS: We formed the case group with 17 Sjögren's syndrome patients and the control group with 25 normal patients. For evaluation of the symptoms the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was applied to both groups and, after that, all the individuals were submitted to the ocular tests: Schirmer I and II, coloration of the ocular surface with rose bengal, pachymetry and esthesiometry. Spearman's correlation test was used to analyze the correlations between signals and symptoms and Student's t test for independent samples was used for comparison of the averages of the values found by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and the ocular tests between the patients of the groups. RESULTS: This study had evidenced a weak correlation between Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) symptoms and ocular tests, which it indicates that not all the patients who presented exuberant symptoms, showed proportionally modified tests. The cornea sensitivity of the case group was reduced when compared with that of the control group. All the studied parameters in the case group presented significant differences (p<0.05) when compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: There was a weak correlation between Sjögren's syndrome patients' ocular symptoms and signals that indicate the severity of the illness. The variation of cornea sensitivity found in the Sjögren's syndrome patient group may be one of the responsible factors for this weak correlation. All the studied parameters were significantly modified in the Sjögren's syndrome patients group when compared with those found in the control group.
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    Correlations between radiographic, magnetic resonance and histological examinations on the degeneration of human lumbar intervertebral discs
    (Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2010-01-01) Martins, Delio Eulalio [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Valdeci Manoel de; Alves, Maria Teresa de Seixas [UNIFESP]; Wajchenberg, Marcelo [UNIFESP]; Landim, Élcio; Belloti, Joao Carlos [UNIFESP]; Puertas, Eduardo Barros [UNIFESP]; Ishida, Akira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde de Juiz de Fora; Universidade Federal Juiz de Fora School of Medicine; Santa Casa de São Paulo Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology; Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente
    CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: There is controversy regarding which imaging method is best for identifying early degenerative alterations in intervertebral discs. No correlations between such methods and histological finds are presented in the literature. The aim of this study was to correlate the thickness of intervertebral discs measured on simple radiographs with the degree of degeneration seen on magnetic resonance images and the histological findings relating to nerve ends inside the discs. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional correlation study on the lumbar spines of human cadavers, at Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Ten lumbar spinal columns were extracted from human cadavers and subjected to magnetic resonance imaging and simple radiography. They were classified according to the degree of disc degeneration seen on magnetic resonance, and the thickness of the discs was measured on radiographs. The intervertebral discs were then extracted, embedded in paraffin and analyzed immunohistochemically with protein S100, and the nerve fibers were counted and classified. RESULTS: No correlation was observed between the thickness of the intervertebral discs and the degree of degeneration seen on magnetic resonance images. Only the uppermost lumbar discs (L1/L2 and L2/L3) presented a correlation between their thickness and type I and IV nerve endings. CONCLUSION: Reduced disc thickness is unrelated to increased presence of nerve ends in intervertebral discs, or to the degree of disc degeneration.
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    Estudo comparativo da flarefotometria em pacientes com melanoma maligno e nevo de coróide
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2002-01-01) Ballalai, Priscilla Luppi [UNIFESP]; Erwenne, Clélia Maria [UNIFESP]; Chojniak, Martha Motono; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Hospital A C Camargo Departamento de Tumores Oculares
    Introduction: Malignant intraocular tumors are associated with an increase in the aqueous flare, caused by alterations of the blood-ocular barriers through various mechanisms. Several studies have demonstrated an ocular flare increase using flare photometry in eyes with benign and malignant tumors. Purpose: To evaluate flare photometry as an adjunct method in the differential diagnosis of choroidal malignant melanoma and choroidal nevus comparing to normal control eyes. Methods: Eyes with melanoma and nevus were diagnosed by indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy and/or ultrasound were evaluated. The fellow normal eyes were used as a control. In all subject and control eyes flare photometry was performed using the Laser Flare Meter (FC 500, Kowa), under mydriasis. Statistical analysis was done using the Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman tests. Results: Thirty-one eyes with malignant melanoma and 18 eyes with nevus were evaluated. The flare photometry average in the eyes with malignant melanoma was 17.1 ph/ms and in the control fellow eyes it was 4.06 ph/ms. In eyes with choroidal nevus the flare photometry average was 6.12 ph/ms and in the control fellow eyes it was 4.47 ph/ms. The flare photometry was higher in eyes with malignant melanoma and nevus than in the fellow normal eyes (p<0.001 and p<0.01). Comparing the eyes with malignant melanoma and nevus, flare photometry was significantly higher in eyes with malignant melanoma (p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between the tumor thickness and flare photometry (r=0.47). Conclusion: Flare photometry is a helpful tool in the differential diagnosis of malignant melanoma and choroidal nevus.
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    Um estudo comparativo das normas de um conjunto de 400 figuras entre crianças brasileiras e americanas
    (Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2004-12-01) Miranda, Mônica Carolina [UNIFESP]; Pompéia, Sabine [UNIFESP]; Bueno, Orlando Francisco Amodeo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: This study compared Brazilian and North American children regarding naming, familiarity and visual complexity of a set of 400 pictures. METHOD: Thirty-six Brazilian children (18 boys) aged 5 to 7 were evaluated. Their characteristics and the study procedure and measures were the same as those employed for the North American population enabling direct comparison of data from the two samples through Spearman rho correlations and Student t tests. RESULTS: Positive significant correlations between overall results of Brazilian and North American children were observed for all measures. Qualitative analysis showed that both groups gave modal names that differed from the intended names for the same 59 pictures. The Brazilian children named 72 pictures differently from the intended names that were correctly named by the North American children, who named 26 pictures differently from the intended names that were correctly named by the Brazilians. CONCLUSION: The 400 picture set was shown to be an adequate tool for use in different cultures. However, it is advisable to avoid pictures that produced naming inconsistencies by the Brazilian and North American children in studies in other cultures with the same age group until specific norms are made available.
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    Estudo comparativo dos mecanorreceptores dos discos intervertebrais normais e degenerados da coluna lombar de humanos pela radiografia, ressonância magnética e estudo anatomopatológico
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, 2007-01-01) Oliveira, Valdeci Manoel de [UNIFESP]; Puertas, Eduardo Barros [UNIFESP]; Alves, Maria Teresa de Seixas [UNIFESP]; Yamashita, Helio Kiitiro [UNIFESP]; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde de Juiz de Fora; UFJF Faculdade de Medicina; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The authors conducted a study on human lumbar spine, aiming to assess and determine the different kinds of nervous fibers in normal and degenerated intervertebral discs. Ten cadaver s lumbar spines with approximately 48 - 72 of death have been used. The pieces were submitted to simple X-ray and magnetic resonance tests. Subsequently to the tests, discs were divided into normal and degenerated. Then, they were dissected, divided into anterior and posterior according to the region, included in paraffin and an immunohistochemical study with S100 protein was performed. With the aid of Image-Pro Plus computer software (media cybernetics) ®, nervous fibers diameters were measured as micrometers and classified into four kinds of fibers. Four types of nervous fibers were found on different disc regions. The number and kind of fibers varied according to the region and degree of intervertebral disc degeneration. It was concluded that type-III fibers are more common at the anterior region; type-II and type-IV fibers are more common at the posterior region, and type-I fibers do not show any differences regarding anterior and posterior regions; in addition, a degenerated disc has a higher number of nervous fibers than a normal one.