Navegando por Palavras-chave "Child development"

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    O ambiente estimulador ao desenvolvimento da criança hospitalizada
    (Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, 2008-09-01) Bortolote, Giovana Soares [UNIFESP]; Brêtas, José Roberto da Silva [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This study presents a qualitative approach, and used the method of Simple Observation. It was carried out with eight children who were hospitalized in two pediatric units of a school hospital in São Paulo. Its purpose was to learn the stimulating elements for the development of a child in a hospital environment. Besides, it aimed at motivating nursing professionals to adapt the hospital environment to the child. After the analysis of the collected data, categories were organized as: stimulating objects and situations, procedures and inter-relationships. The conclusion is that the nursing team performs an important role as one of the stimulating elements in the hospitalized child care, since they are aware of this role.
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    Ambiente familiar e desenvolvimento cognitivo infantil: uma abordagem epidemiológica
    (Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2005-08-01) Andrade, Susanne Anjos; Santos, Darci Neves; Bastos, Ana Cecília; Pedromônico, Márcia Regina Marcondes [UNIFESP]; Almeida-filho, Naomar De; Barreto, Mauricio L; Universidade Federal da Bahia Instituto de Saúde Coletiva; Universidade Federal da Bahia Departamento de Psicologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between quality of stimulation in the family environment and child's cognitive development considering the impact of mother's schooling on the quality of stimulation. METHODS: A cross-sectional study comprising 350 children aged 17-42 months was carried out in central and peripheral areas of Salvador, Northeastern Brazil, in 1999. A socio-economic questionnaire was used, along with the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Scale (HOME Inventory), and the Bayley Scale for Infant Development. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out through linear regression at 5% level of significance. RESULTS: There was a positive (beta=0.66) and statistically significant association between quality of stimulation in the family environment and child's cognitive development. Part of the effect was mediated by the mother's working circumstances and educational level. It was verified that a better quality of stimulation is provided for those who come early in the birth order in family, and live with only a few others under five years of age. This pattern of stimulation is better among children who live with their parents and whose mothers have better education, have a job and a partner involved in the family environment. CONCLUSIONS: Quality of stimulation in the family environment is crucial for child's cognitive development, besides the significant role of the available resources and family dynamics. The study findings show the pertinence to cognitive development of interventions which improve the quality of the environment and the child-caregiver relationship.
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    Análise da narrativa oral de pré-escolares antes e após estimulação de linguagem
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2012-01-01) Verzolla, Beatriz Lopes Porto; Isotani, Selma Mie [UNIFESP]; Perissinoto, Jacy [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To verify the oral narrative abilities in preschoolers, before and after language stimulation. METHODS: Participants were 58 preschoolers. The study was developed in three stages: 1. Pre-stimulation stage (Moment 1) - preschoolers produced the first autonomous narrative based on a sequence of pictures, and the second under adult scaffolding; 2. Stimulation stage - it was conducted a weekly reading of children's stories in group, for ten weeks; 3. Post-stimulation stage (Moment 2): the same procedure of the first stage was repeated. The results analysis considered: the occurrence of central and secondary events; the accountable/explicable conduct, classified according to physical causes, moral/social rules and internal state; the attribution and rectification of false beliefs, analyzed by the internal state's accountable/explicable conduct. RESULTS: There was an increase in the occurrence of central events in Moment 2 as well as after the adult scaffolding, with decrease of secondary events comparing both moments and after the scaffolding. Regarding the accountable/explicable conduct, no differences were found between physical, social/moral rules, and internal state conducts. The internal state accountable/explicable conduct was predominantly found in all the autonomous narratives. CONCLUSION: Both the reading of children's stories and the adult scaffolding contribute to the increase in the occurrence of events in autonomous narratives. There is no variation on the type of accountable/explicable conduct in the narratives. The internal state accountable/explicable conduct is predominantly used by preschoolers.
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    Análise do cuidado ao bebê hospitalizado segundo a perspectiva Winnicottiana
    (Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem, 2005-02-01) Regis, Fabiane Carvalhais; Kakehashi, Tereza Yoshiko; Pinheiro, Eliana Moreira [UNIFESP]; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; Universidade do Grande ABC; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This work aimed to analyze the holding provided by nurse aides, nurses, mothers, and fathers to infants newborn hospitalized at the middle risk neonatal unit of a university hospital in the city of São Paulo. This is a qualitative descriptive study based on Winnicott's theoretical framework. Data were collected by means of videotaping. Results demonstrated that there are some professionals who fail in providing holding, whereas others provide it satisfactorily. Although parents provide adequate holding, at times they fail to do so. We believe that it is necessary that the caring practice must be reevaulated, so that all members of the team, and also mothers and fathers are able to provide adequate holding for the infant's development.
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    Anthropometric and physical fitness characteristics of young male soccer players
    (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 2010-08-01) Canhadas, Ive Luz; Silva, Rodrigo Lopes Pignataro; Chaves, Celso Rodrigures; Portes, Leslie Andrews [UNIFESP]; Hospital e Maternidade Alvorada; Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo; São Paulo Futebol Clube; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício
    The objective of this study was to determine anthropometric and physical fitness characteristics of Brazilian male children and adolescents at the beginning of soccer training. In this study, 282 male soccer players ranging in age from 10 to 13 years were evaluated. The athletes participated in a formal soccer training program 3 times per week, with each training lasting 3 hours. Anthropometric and physical fitness parameters were obtained. The boys were divided into age classes and prevalence data were analyzed using Pearson's chi-square test. Parametric data were compared by one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test, when necessary. The results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and a p value <0.05 was considered to be significant. Growth, development, body adiposity and physical fitness characteristics were adequate and proportional to age among the boys studied (p<0.05). It was concluded that anthropometric and physical fitness characteristics of young male elite soccer players improve with and are proportional to age. Children and adolescents greatly benefit from regular physical activity. The present results show that young male soccer players present adequate anthropometric conditions and physical fitness prior to the initiation of formal training at soccer clubs.
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    Aspectos emocionais presentes nas dificuldades alimentares iniciais: compreensão e intervenção nas relações pais-bebê em contexto pediátrico
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-06-14) Almeida, Mariangela Mendes de [UNIFESP]; Sole, Dirceu [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8188258243306974; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0896452104756694; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Aim: This paper investigates the emotional aspects involved within early feeding difficulties in the first three years of life, in order to present conceptual elements and practical mediations, which can strengthen an effective interface between pediatricians and psychologists working with parents and children in their first challenges. Methodological resources: In a retrospective study, from a clinicalqualitative perspective, this paper seeks to deepen, with a psychoanalytical psychodynamic framework, the understanding of emotional aspects involved in early feeding difficulties within two contexts: a) analysis of parental descriptions about their babies from zero to eighteen months and their eating difficulties, from three questions answered in the intake sessions to parentsbabies within the Mental Health Division of the Discipline of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics of EPMUNIFESP and b) analysis of group material of parents/babies and children from zero to three years and eleven months, in the same service, in five thematic vignettes filmed and transcribed, on the issue of feeding difficulties. Transferred to tables for pre analysis, the material was then organized into thematic groups and categories, following the methodological resource of content analysis. Findings: The emerging categories have been set up as: A) parental anxieties B) protection resources to deal with anxieties (parental expressions and expressions in the baby) and C) Modes of feeding relationships (expressions in parental reports, baby expressions from parental descriptions and expressions in observed interactions). It is suggested that paediatric attention should address the understanding of these categories, offering space to "process" what might be interfering in healthy feeding relationships. Final considerations: The study shows the need for empathic containment to receive communications from various levels, both in pediatrics and in psychology. In this partnership, our fields of clinical work, teaching and research are favored to grow, fed by the dialogue and reciprocal exchanges provided by this interface.
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    Atribuição de falsas crenças no desenvolvimento de linguagem de crianças com síndrome de Down
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2010-01-01) Silva, Tatiana Pires Da [UNIFESP]; Silva, Amanda Fernandes Da; Tamanaha, Ana Carina [UNIFESP]; Perissinoto, Jacy [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Sergipe
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the attribution of false belief in individuals with Down syndrome. METHODS: Eleven children of both genders with Down syndrome and ages between four and eight years composed the Down Group (DG). All subjects used verbal communication, had mild to severe mental retardation, and were attended at the same institution. In addition, 85 children within normal development with ages between four and six years were recruited at an elementary school, constituting the Control Group (CG). The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) was used to compare the level of verbal comprehension of the groups, and the adaptation of the smarties test was used to assess the attribution of false belief. RESULTS: The analysis of the PPVT showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, with the DG presenting scores below the third standard deviation, and the CG, below the first standard deviation. Regarding the false belief analysis, the CG presented increasing scores in all questions as the age group increased. The same was not observed for the DG, whose subjects with best results were those that attended speech-language therapy for a longer time at the institution. No correlation was found between receptive vocabulary level and the ability of false belief. CONCLUSION: The CG showed a better performance in all questions of the false belief test, when compared to the DG. Thus, it was possible to evaluate false belief in children with Down syndrome.
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    Avaliação de funções executivas, estresse e resiliência em crianças e adolescentes tratados para leucemia linfóide aguda
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-06-27) Godoy, Priscilla Brandi Gomes [UNIFESP]; Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781617Z1; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4850291H2; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To investigate the impact of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment and parents' emotional characteristics on executive functions, resilience, stress, depression and anxiety in children and adolescents, as well as to verify the strength of the correlations between executive functions, stress and personality traits of resilience. Methods: Thirty-two survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL group), 28 healthy controls (CTL group 1) and three survivors’ siblings (CTL 2 group), all aged between 7 and 17 years, of both sexes, participated in the study. Executive functions were assessed by neuropsychological tests of mental flexibility, inhibitory control, working memory and attention, as well as ecological questionnaires for parents. Stress symptoms and resilience were assessed by self-reported questionnaires for children and symptoms of depression and anxiety, by parent-report behavioral problems scale. The primary caregiver or one parent also answered to self-report questionnaires of depression and anxiety. Results: There was no difference between the CTL 1 and ALL groups regarding the neuropsychological, emotional and resilience assessment. Higher mental flexibility ability were reported by the ALL group parents in BRIEF when compared to CTL1 group. Parents’ depression and anxiety did not influence children’s emotions and resilience in the whole sample, but the parents’ trait anxiety influenced their assessment about their children’s executive functions and behavioral problems in both groups. In the LLA group, positive correlations were observed between executive functions and resilience, and negative correlations were observed between executive functions and stress, which suggests an interaction between these variables to promote survivor’s cognitive and emotional adaptation. Descriptive analysis were made with the CTL 2 group results. Conclusion: acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment had no impact on the executive functions, resilience, stress symptoms, depression and anxiety of the participants and the correlations found between these variables suggest that these could be protection factors. Parents' emotional aspects influenced their answers about children’s executive functions and behavioral problems. We suggest that parent-report scales for assessment of children’s executive functions and emotions be associated to assessment of parents’ emotional characteristic.
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    Avaliação do brincar de crianças com deficiência pelo modelo lúdico
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-02-05) Romanin, Thyelly Brandão [UNIFESP]; Silva, Carla Cilene Baptista da [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7118155019861351; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2496517543747332; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introdução: O brincar deve estar no cotidiano da criança, pois é fundamental para o seu desenvolvimento. Essa atividade nas crianças com desenvolvimento atípico tem características próprias, que podem levar ao comprometimento desta atividade. Objetivos: conhecer o cotidiano lúdico de crianças entre 0 e 6 anos que são atendidas pelo Centro Especializado em Reabilitação II de Santos (CER II). Metodologia: Estudo com abordagem qualitativa e caráter exploratório. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado parte do Instrumento de Avaliação do Modelo Lúdico. Para tanto, participaram da pesquisa 10 familiares de crianças com desenvolvimento atípico. As falas foram gravadas e transcritas a fim de ser feita a análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados e conclusão: Os resultados foram apresentados nas seguintes categorias: Importância do brincar; Atitudes ao brincar; Brinquedos e brincadeiras preferidas; Horários e lugares mais frequentes; Parceiros na brincadeira. A pesquisa permitiu traçar o cotidiano lúdico da criança com desenvolvimento atípico, independente do diagnóstico, a partir da perspectiva dos pais e utilização de um instrumento de avaliação próprio da terapia ocupacional.
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    Avaliação do desenvolvimento de crianças matriculadas em uma creche conveniada do município de São Paulo
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-03-29) Merino, Paola Mendez [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Circea Amalia [UNIFESP]; Balieiro, Maria Magda Ferreira Gomes [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9173690204516872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2300731487624854; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1414047794783135; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objectives: General: To evaluate the neuropsychomotor development of children from 0 to 60 months of age attending Cruz de Malta’s day care center. Specifics: To characterize the neuropsychomotor development of children using the test Denver II, to describe sociodemographic, neonatal, family and institutional characteristics of the studied children and to relate the sociodemographic, neonatal, family and institutional variables with the neuropsychomotor development of the children. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UNIFESP n°. 1,575,822/16. The sample consisted of 152 children, and those with health problems that prevented participation in the study activities were excluded. Two instruments collected data, one related to sociodemographic, neonatal, family and institutional variables of the children, and the other to the evaluation of child development, by the Denver II Development Screening Test. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The majority of the children were younger than 36 months old (67.7%) and female (50.7%); 95.4% of the mothers got prenatal care; 53.8% of the children were born in normal labor, with a mean gestational age of 38.4 weeks, Apgar at the 5th minute of 9.4 and birth weight of 3.144g; 9.2% of them were underweight, 1.3% were very underweight and 11.3% were premature; 24% of the children presented neonatal complications, being the most frequent ones: jaundice, prematurity and low birth weight; 32% had previous hospitalizations, respiratory problems being the main reason; 65.1% of the children were eutrophic and 25.7% were at risk of overweight; 16.9% of the children had anemia; 98% of them were breastfed, and 68.4% of them received exclusive breastfeeding in a mean of 101.7 days; the majority of the parents lived together, being 19.1% married and 38.8% in a stable union; 50.3% of mothers were aged between 19 and 29 years; the most frequent age groups of the parents were 19 to 29 years and 29 to 39 years corresponding to 41.8% each; 37% of mothers and 37.6% of parents had completed high school; 61.6% and 90.1% respectively were employed; 55.3% of families had a family income of one minimum wage. As to the permanence of the child in the day care center, the average age of admission to the institution was 15.4 months, and their time of attendance at the institution was, on average, 13.8 months; evaluated by Denver II test, 73.7% of the children had the result "Normal" and 26.3% "Questionable"; 118 items identified as "Caution", 68% were in the Language area, presented by 63 (41.4%) of the children; of the 40 items with "Delay", 87.5% were from the Language area, present in 13.2% of the children; some have presented more than one "delay/caution" item by area and/or in more than one area. There was a statistically significant association between the Denver II score and the current age of the children (p <0.001), Hb level (p = 0.030), mothers' work status (p = 0.005) and frequency of child day care center (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Most of the children evaluated presented the results of the test Denver II "Normal", with more “caution” in the area of language. Final considerations: It is important to emphasize the importance of periodic evaluation of the development of the children who attend this educational equipment, in this and other institutions.
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    Avaliação do desenvolvimento motor em lactentes com diagnóstico de sífilis congênita
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018) Tancredo, Raícza Victória Tricarico Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Sá, Cristina dos Santos Cardoso de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9259523998158401; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9653994323758405; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    A sífilis é uma doença infecciosa crônica causada por uma bactéria chamada Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum, sendo transmitida por duas vias: sexual, chamada de sífilis adquirida, e vertical, também chamada de congênita, quando é transmitida através da placenta. A sífilis permanece como um problema de saúde pública mundial, estimando-se que 1,8 milhões de gestantes no mundo estejam infectadas pela sífilis e que menos de 10% delas sejam diagnosticadas e tratadas. O desenvolvimento infantil é um processo que vai desde a concepção, envolvendo vários aspectos, indo desde o crescimento físico, passando pela maturação neurológica, comportamental, cognitiva, social e afetiva da criança. As manifestações clínicas ocasionadas pela sífilis congênita podem atrasar o desenvolvimento infantil. Objetivo: Avaliar o desenvolvimento motor nas idades de 3 e 6 meses de lactentes com sífilis congênita e comparar com lactentes de 3 e 6 meses sem sífilis congênita. Método: Os participantes desta pesquisa foram selecionados por amostra de conveniência com idade de 3 meses e 6 meses com e sem diagnóstico de sífilis congênita que tiveram seu desenvolvimento motor avaliados pela Escala Motora Infantil de Alberta (AIMS). As avaliações ocorreram no serviço especializado de saúde da Cidade de Santos, Seção Núcleo Integrado de Atendimento à Criança (SENIC) (lactentes com sífilis) e Unidades Básica de Saúde - Vila Nova (lactentes sem sífilis) submetendo o lactente a uma avaliação individual, com a presença de seus pais ou cuidadores. Resultado: O teste Qui-Quadrado revelou que não há diferença entre lactentes com sífilis e lactentes sem sífilis em relação ao desenvolvimento motor aos 3 meses e também que não há diferença entre lactentes com sífilis e lactentes sem sífilis em relação ao desenvolvimento motor aos 6 meses de idade. Conclusão: No presente estudo, através da avaliação pela Escala Motora Infantil de Alberta, concluiuse que os lactentes de 3 e 6 meses diagnosticados com sífilis congênita não apresentaram percentil de desenvolvimento menor do que comparados com o percentil de lactentes sem esse diagnóstico e, com isso, não houve características determinantes para estabelecer atraso no desenvolvimento motor de lactentes com diagnóstico de sífilis congênita, não definindo um desenvolvimento motor atípico para as respectivas idades de lactentes diagnosticados
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    Avaliação do desenvolvimento neuromotor de lactentes prematuros e fatores biológicos e socioeconômicos
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010) Esteves, Jéssica Pedrassa [UNIFESP]; Sá, Cristina dos Santos Cardoso de [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Raquel de Paula [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7980384093582831; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9259523998158401; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5884000935277552; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Nas últimas décadas o avanço tecnológico alcançado no campo da assistência neonatal contribuiu notavelmente para a redução das taxas de mortalidade de recém nascidos prétermos (RNPT) favorecendo os índices de sobrevida. Tais bebês, porém, têm maior probabilidade de apresentar atrasos do desenvolvimento neuromotor. Estas crianças estão propensas aos riscos biológicos, ao nascimento, e aos riscos socieconômicos. E assim podem apresentar dificuldades para adaptar-se à vida extra-uterina devido à imaturidade dos diversos sistemas orgânicos e aos riscos os quais estão expostos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o desenvolvimento neuromotor de lactentes prematuros e analisar a influência de fatores biológicos e socioeconômicos na aquisição motora destas crianças. Cada bebê foi avaliado quanto ao seu desempenho motor pela escala canadense Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) e foi utilizado questionário com os responsáveis, contendo identificação do neonato, informações sobre gestação, parto e pós-parto, as complicações clínicas. A amostra foi composta por 30 bebês de ambos os gêneros, nascidos com idade gestacional inferior a 37 semanas gestacionais divididos em dois grupos segundo a IG: limítrofe e moderado. Na primeira avaliação neuromotora 79% dos pré-termos limítrofes situou-se entre 50-75% somente 15% situaram-se no percentil 10 apresentando desempenho motor suspeito. Enquanto que 70% dos bebês do grupo moderado permaneceram no percentil 50. No presente estudo não foram encontrados atrasos significativos no desempenho motor grosso de bebês pré-termos avaliados pela AIMS. Os fatores socioeconômicos e biológicos, exceto o tempo de internação em UTI (p=0,055) não influenciaram o desenvolvimento neuromotor dos bebês no que se refere à avaliação inicial
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    Caracterização de lactentes de risco atendidos nas unidades básicas de saúde da região noroeste da cidade de Santos - SP
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-07-22) Basto, Taynara Aparecida de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Sá, Cristina dos Santos Cardoso de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9259523998158401; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6326562691242826; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introdução: Lactentes expostos a riscos biológicos e ambientais podem apresentar atraso no desenvolvimento, visto que o desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo está relacionado a fatores biológicos e ambientais. Dessa forma, a avaliação destes pode ser feita por meio dos marcos do desenvolvimento. A zona noroeste em Santos - São Paulo concentra vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas da cidade, além de possuir o maior número de recém-nascidos de risco. Objetivo: Avaliar o desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo de lactentes caracterizados com fatores de riscos biológicos e ambientais. Método: Participaram do estudo 40 lactentes entre 0 a 24 meses de ambos os sexos, classificados como recém-nascidos de risco a partir de dados do Programa de Vigilância de Desenvolvimento Infantil da Prefeitura de Santos - Estado de São Paulo. O desenvolvimento motor e cognitivo foi avaliado por meio dos Marcos do Desenvolvimento Infantil presentes na Caderneta da Criança do Ministério da Saúde. Os dados pré, peri e pós-natal foram obtidos por meio de entrevista com o responsável do lactente no dia da consulta e os dados nível socioeconômico pelo questionário socioeconômico do Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil. Foi realizada análise dos dados por meio da média e desvio padrão das variáveis numéricas e nominais, e distribuição de frequência absoluta e percentílica. Resultados: Dos 40 lactentes avaliados, foram 31 nascidos a termo e 9 pré-termo. Foram classificados 23 lactentes como desenvolvimento adequado, 15 como alerta para o desenvolvimento e 2 como provável atraso do desenvolvimento. A média de peso ao nascimento dos lactentes a termo e pré-termo foi de 2991,73 gramas e 2869,17 gramas, respectivamente. A média do apgar no 1° e 5° minuto foram iguais entre termos e pré-termos. O nível socioeconômico da população avaliada concentra-se na classificação 5-C2. A maioria dos lactentes nasceram de parto vaginal, sendo desses, todos indivíduos a termo. Apenas 9 lactentes apresentaram problemas de saúde, sendo 5 a termos e 4 pré-termos. Conclusão: Nosso estudo caracterizou a maioria dos lactentes avaliados como desenvolvimento adequado. A maior parte dos lactentes apresentaram classificação econômica 5 - C2 segundo o Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil. Pré-termos, parto cesáreo e a presença de problemas tendem a classificação alerta ao desenvolvimento.
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    Caracterização do jogo simbólico em deficientes auditivos: estudo de casos e controles
    (Pró-Fono Produtos Especializados para Fonoaudiologia Ltda., 2009-12-01) Quintas, Taiana D' Ávila; Curti, Luana Mota; Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia De; Chiari, Brasilia Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Centro de Estudos da Voz; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    BACKGROUND: children with hearing loss do not acquire language at the same time nor at the same rate of normal hearing children because the learning process of oral language is essentially auditory. Child development consists in gradually acquiring motor and psychocognitive abilities. Entering the symbolic world is decisive for the child to reach higher levels of linguistic complexity. AIM: to correlate symbolic play and aspects of child development in deaf children and in hearing children. METHOD: participants of this study were 32 children, of both genders, with ages between 2 and 6 years, age matched. All participants were submitted to the Evaluation of Symbolic Maturation and to the Denver Developmental Screening Test II. Sixteen participants presented moderate to profound sensory-neural hearing loss and composed the research group (RG); the remaining 16 children had normal hearing and composed the control group (CG). RESULTS: symbolism was observed in the play of 81.25% of RG and in 87.5% of CG. In the Denver Developmental Screening Test II, 100% of the RG was classified as being at risk. As for the CG, 94% of the children were classified as normal and the remaining 6% as being at risk (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: a similar performance was observed between the groups for symbolic play. However, in a qualitative analysis, the RG presented less complex symbolic play than the CG. It was observed that the RG presented a performance in the symbolic play compatible to its performance in aspects of personal-social, refined motor and gross motor control in the Denver Developmental Screening Test II.
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    Caracterização do vínculo mãe-filho e as oportunidades para o desenvolvimento motor de lactentes expostos e não expostos ao HIV
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-01-24) Ruivo, Camila Ortega [UNIFESP]; Sá, Cristina dos Santos Cardoso de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9259523998158401; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2018427448754822; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introdução: A transmissão vertical (TV) é uma das principais formas de transmissão do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) em lactentes, portanto, a interrupção da amamentação é recomendada. O aleitamento materno é importante para a formação do vínculo mãe-bebê, sua interrupção pode afetar esse vínculo e, consequentemente, prejudicar os estímulos ofertados a esse lactente em seu ambiente familiar. Objetivo: Caracterizar o vínculo mãe-bebê, avaliar o desenvolvimento motor e os affordances domiciliares de lactentes expostos e não expostos ao HIV durante o primeiro ano de vida. Método: Participaram do estudo 48 lactentes e suas mães, sendo 21 expostos ao HIV e mães soropositivas e 27 não expostos e mães soronegativas. Foram avaliados lactentes de ambos os sexos nas idades de 4 a 12 meses atendidas no Serviço de Atenção Especializada (SAE/Infantil), ligada a Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças Infecciosas (CCDI), que acompanha lactentes filhos de mães soropositivas de toda a Baixada Santista, as avaliações dos lactentes não expostos foram realizadas na Unidade Básica de Saúde da Vila Nova – Santos. As mães responderam ao protocolo de avaliação vínculo mãe-bebê e ao questionário dos Affordances no Ambiente Domiciliar (AHEMD), o desenvolvimento motor foi avaliado pela Escala Motora Infantil de Alberta (AIMS). Foi realizado análise descritivas dos dados, ANOVA para comparação dos grupos em relação ao desenvolvimento, análise de correlação entre as variáveis vínculo mãe-bebê e as oportunidades no ambiente domiciliar; vínculo mãe-bebê. Resultados: Os lactentes do grupo exposto apresentam desenvolvimento típico independente da idade e apenas 1 lactente apresenta risco para o desenvolvimento, enquanto 5 lactentes não expostos apresentam risco. Doze lactentes, 6 expostos e 6 não expostos apresentam oportunidades no ambiente domiciliar classificadas como menos do que adequada; 13 apresentam oportunidades moderadamente adequadas no ambiente domiciliar (5 lactentes expostos e 8 não expostos ao HIV), 16 apresentam oportunidades adequadas (6 expostos e 10 não expostos ao HIV) e 7 apresentam oportunidades excelentes (4 expostos e 3 não expostos ao HIV). Já para o vínculo, 9 lactentes apresentam vínculo mãe-bebê fraco (7 expostos e 2 não expostos ao HIV) e os demais apresentam vínculo forte. A comparação dos grupos revelou diferença entre os grupos apenas para o vínculo, sendo que o grupo exposto tem maior escore do que o grupo não exposto, indicando que os lactentes expostos ao HIV têm menor vínculo. Há correlação entre vínculo mãe-bebê e grupo. Conclusão: os lactentes expostos ao HIV apresentaram menor vínculo mãe-bebê, mas não diferem em relação ao desenvolvimento motor e as oportunidades recebidas em ambiente domiciliar.
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    Cartografando o Brincar: experiências em tempo de distanciamento social
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2023-05-12) Gomes, Agatha Alves da Silva [UNIFESP]; Federici, Conrado Augusto Gandara [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3681092599687250; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5804251979995733; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    A pandemia de COVID-19 ocasionou diversas mudanças em nossos cotidianos. A necessidade de distanciamento e até mesmo de isolamento social trouxe um cenário atípico, restringindo inúmeras atividades que antes eram habituais devido à alta capacidade de contágio do novo coronavírus e da gravidade dos sintomas por sua infecção. Pesquisas realizadas no ano de 2020 demonstraram efeitos imediatos do contexto pandêmico em crianças de diferentes idades: o que poderia assemelhar-se ao "abstrato coronavírus", para as crianças apareceram em sonhos, brincadeiras e desenhos. Manifestou-se então a necessidade de investigar o quanto o brincar auxiliou no bem-estar e saúde mental das crianças durante esse período, compreendendo que essa atividade favorece o desenvolvimento infantil saudável. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi poder observar e experienciar como o brincar pode expressar as angústias, medos e tentativas de elaboração das crianças no contexto pandêmico. Procurou-se também entender a importância da natureza e dos espaços ao ar livre para a saúde mental das crianças. Foram realizadas atividades lúdicas como desenhar, pintar e brincadeiras corriqueiras como esconde-esconde ou pega-pega com crianças do convívio da pesquisadora, com o intuito de que as próprias crianças pudessem conduzir a dinâmica dos encontros, a fim de poderem expressar-se livremente com o brincar. Nas brincadeiras, as crianças demonstraram preocupação com seus entes queridos e, além disso, brincadeiras de médico foram recorrentes, assim como casinhas e cabanas. Foi possível também observar que ambientes ao ar livre, como parques e jardins, apareceram nos desenhos e também na imaginação dos pequenos, como cenários onde ocorriam suas aventuras.
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    Children working on the streets in Brazil: predictors of mental health problems
    (Springer, 2013-03-01) Maciel, Mariana R. [UNIFESP]; Mello, Andrea F. [UNIFESP]; Fossaluza, Victor; Nobrega, Luciana P. [UNIFESP]; Cividanes, Giuliana C. [UNIFESP]; Mari, Jair J. [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marcelo F. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
    The objective of this study was to determine which factors predict higher risk for mental health problems in children working on the streets. We studied a sample of families that had at least one child working on the streets, from October 2008 to March 2009. the instruments applied were the parent version strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) for children and caregivers, the WorldSAFE core questionnaire, the global assessment of relational functioning scale (GARF), the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children (K-SADS), and a socio-demographic questionnaire. 191 children between 7 and 14 years of age were analyzed; 126 (66 %) were working on the streets, and 65 were siblings who did not work on the streets. Multivariate analysis showed that mental health problems in the caregivers, violent behaviors of the caregivers toward the children, absence of a partner living in the house, and lower levels of family functioning increased the risk of mental health problems in the children. Caregivers reported severe forms of physical punishment against their children in 62 % of cases. Caregivers who had suffered sexual abuse and emotional negligence in childhood were more violent with their children. Factors that increased risk for mental health symptoms in these children were caregivers' psychopathology, physical punishment at home, single-parent structure, and poor family functioning. Work on the streets did not influence the children's mental health, when multiple risk factors were considered; family characteristics were the most significant in this sample.
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    Cognitive and behavioral effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children: a systematic literature review
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2018) Cardoso, Thiago da Silva Gusmão [UNIFESP]; Pompeia, Sabine [UNIFESP]; Miranda, Monica Carolina [UNIFESP]
    Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is a common respiratory sleep disorder in children that is believed to adversely affect both quality of life and cognition. The purpose of the present systematic review was to obtain evidence of the impact of OSA on children's cognitive/behavioral abilities from primary studies published in MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, ISI Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases from 2002 to 2016. Of the 649 articles found, only 34 met the eligibility criteria: studies that evaluated cognition, behavior, and/or academic achievement of children meeting clinical criteria for OSA to compare their data to those of healthy controls or normative data, provided that the samples did not present conditions that might affect cognition/behavior irrespective of OSA. The few selected articles with low risk of bias (levels of evidence I and II) showed that OSA children's intellectual abilities may be impaired but remain within the normal range. Which specific cognitive ability drives this impairment is unclear, as there was insufficient evidence of deficits in language, memory, attention, executive functions, and academic performance, due to low levels of evidence, conflicting findings, and/or heterogeneity of tasks and cognitive abilities tapped by the measures used to assess these domains. To determine why this is so, future studies must test OSA patients using measures that allow for fractionated higher-and lower-order cognitive abilities based on accepted cognitive neuropsychology models. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Continuing education on child development for primary healthcare professionals: a prospective before-and-after study
    (Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2014-07-01) Figueiras, Amira Consuêlo Melo; Puccini, Rosana Fiorini [UNIFESP]; Silva, Edina Mariko Koga da [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal do Pará School of Medicine; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Children's developmental disorders are often identified late by healthcare professionals working in primary care. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a continuing education program on child development, on the knowledge and practices of these professionals.DESIGN AND SETTING:Prospective single-cohort study (before-and-after study), conducted in the city of Belém, Pará , Brazil.METHODS:Two hundred and twenty-one professionals working in primary healthcare (82.2%) participated in a continuing education program on child development and were assessed before and after implementation of the program through tests on their knowledge of child development, consisting of 19 questions for physicians and 14 for nurses, and questionnaires on their professional practices.RESULTS:One to three years after the program, the mean number of correct answers in the tests had increased from 11.5 to 14.3 among physicians in the Healthy Family Program (Programa Família Saudável, PFS); 13.0 to 14.3 among physicians in Municipal Health Units (Unidades Municipais de Saúde, UMS); 8.3 to 10.0 among PFS nurses; and 7.8 to 9.4 among UMS nurses. In interviews with mothers attended by these professionals before the program, only 21.7% reported that they were asked about their children's development, 24.7% reported that the professional asked about or observed their children's development and 11.1% received advice on how to stimulate them. After the program, these percentages increased to 34.5%, 54.2% and 30.3%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Professionals who participated in the program showed improved performance regarding child development knowledge and practices.
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    Cuidados desenvolvidos pelos pais de lactentes correlacionados com Denver II
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-06-29) Rocha, Mariana Almeida [UNIFESP]; Borba, Regina Issuzu Hirooka de [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2024656916005253; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6411308566119568; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: Human development can be understood as a summation of phenomena, the products of the relation between intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as the environment in which it is inserted, the alimentation, a healthy relation with other human beings and attention to their basic needs. Children develop themselves by interacting with people, institutions, day care centers, schools, communities, families, among others. The poor environment in stimulus for the child decreases the chances of an adequate child development, and for it to be considered a place of good quality, it should promote physical security, protection against diseases, supply basic necessities and offer diferent experiences. Objective: To know the care activities in environments that are related to child development and correlate with the Denver II outcome. Methods: Qualitative research carried out with parents of children from 30 days to 11 months and 29 days how were attended at the Nursing Consultation in Child Care at the outpatient clinic of the Cruz de Malta Assistance Center. The method: Case study was used, and as a theoretical reference the Manual for Surveillance of Child Development Context of Integrated Management of Prevalent Diseases in Childhood. Results: The results demonstrate a relationship between the care from parents and child development, noting that these activities reflect positively or negatively the results of Denver II. Of the six case studies performed, five presented children with a Normal result in Denver II; It was verified that the children live in environments with positive characteristics and their parents take good care stimulating the development of the children, with emphasis on playful activities. But in one case, negative health care factors were identified, which did not compromise Denver II's performance, but it can compromise the development in the future, pointing out needs for interventions, and monitoring through further reviews. One case revealed negative traits in daily care, with Suspect outcome in Denver II. Final considerations: In the Nursing consultation in Child Care, the nurse must be able at an opportune moment to detect unfavorable factors of care with the parents and intervene to promote child development in the home environment. Facing this question, it is suggested a research that investigates how mothers understand and put into practice the nursing orientations related to the care and promotion of their children's development.