Navegando por Palavras-chave "Cannabinoids"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosA ação anticonvulsivante dos derivados da cannabis sativa e o sistema de neurotransmissão central do ácido gama-aminobutírico(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 1978) Venditti, Marco Antonio Campana [UNIFESP]; Leite, José Roberto [UNIFESP]
- ItemSomente MetadadadosAnálise in vitro de possíveis danos em células neuronais submetidas a diferentes doses de canabinoides(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-04-04) Silva, Joelcimar Martins da [UNIFESP]; Céspedes, Isabel Cristina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Introduction: The Cannabis Sativa Plant, Popularly Known As Marijuana, Is The Most Widely Used Illicit Drug In The World. It Is Estimated To Reach Around 4% Of The World Adult Population. It Acts Centrally After Binding To The Cannabinoid Receptors, Which Are Coupled To The G Protein. The Known Cannabinoid Receptors Are The Cannabinoid 1 (Cb1) Receptor And The Cannabinoid 2 (Cb2) Receptor. Cb1 Receptors, Located At The Terminals Of The Presynaptic Axons, Are Concentrated In The Nervous System. Cb2 Receptors Are Present In Immune And Microglial Cells. Animal Studies Have Shown Consistent Results Of Cognitive Deficits And Morphological Changes In The Brain Following Chronic Exposure To Cannabinoids. However, Recent Studies Suggest That Low Doses Of Cannabinoids Could Induce Cell Death While High Doses Could Protect Against Neuronal Loss. Therefore, The Present Study Was Developed With The Objective Of Analyzing The Effects Caused By Different Concentrations (10 Nm, 100 Nm And 1000 Nm) Of "-9-Tetrahydrocannabino
- ItemSomente MetadadadosAvaliação da ativação da micróglia e desmielinização em um modelo experimental para Esclerose Múltipla após administração de Canabidiol e diferentes fases da doença(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-05-30) Souza, Stefanie Ane Valerio De [UNIFESP]; Arisi, Gabriel Maisonnave [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative inflammatory disease that affects approximately 2.5 million people worldwide. The symptoms are due to neuroinflammation and demyelination, so understanding these mechanisms may contribute to alternative forms of treatment. The recent description of endocannabinoid system as a modulating element of the central and peripheral nervous system and its interface with immune cells has caused interest in the use of phytocannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) as adjuvant therapy in MS. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of CBD administered in different phases of an experimental model for MS in the clinical course of the disease, as well as in the demyelination and modulation of glial cells. For this, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was induced in 8-week C57BL / 6 female mice (n = 80 mice; CEUA nº 3710191016) by subcutaneous injection of an emulsion containing CFA with peptide MOG35-55, combined with pertussis toxin i.p. on days 0 and 2. Animals were monitored for 21, 24 or 28 days and graded from 0 to 5 for the observed flaccid paralysis. Animals received cannabidiol 10mg / kg or vehicle solution i.p. for 10 days at different intervals: on days 5 to 14 or 14 to 23 post-induction. A clinical score, as well as spinal cord damaged area were evaluated after the treatment. There was no significant reduction in the clinical scores of the disease in the groups that received cannabidiol previously (days 5-14) or after (days 14-23) the disease onset. In addition, there was no significant difference in area of spinal cord injury in both cases. This study indicate that cannabidiol, as monotherapy was not effective in improving motor symptoms in EAE experimental model.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Efeitos cerebrais da maconha: resultados dos estudos de neuroimagem(Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2005-03-01) Crippa, José Alexandre de Souza; Lacerda, Acioly Luiz Tavares de [UNIFESP]; Amaro Junior, Edson; Busatto Filho, Geraldo [UNIFESP]; Zuardi, Antonio Waldo; Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug. Despite this, only a small number of studies have investigated the long-term neurotoxic consequences of cannabis use. Structural and functional neuroimaging techniques are powerful research tools to investigate possible cannabis-induced pathophysiological changes. A computer literature review was conducted in the MEDLINE and PsycLIT databases between 1966 and November of 2004 with the search terms 'cannabis', 'marijuana', 'neuroimaging', 'magnetic resonance', 'computed tomography', 'positron emission tomography', 'single photon emission computed tomography, 'SPET', 'MRI' and 'CT'. Structural neuroimaging studies have yielded conflicting results. Most studies report no evidence of cerebral atrophy or regional changes in tissue volumes, and one study suggested that long-term users who started regular use on early adolescence have cerebral atrophy as well as reduction in gray matter. However, several methodological shortcomings limit the interpretation of these results.Functional neuroimaging studies have reported increases in neural activity in regions that may be related with cannabis intoxication or mood-change effects (orbital and mesial frontal lobes, insula, and anterior cingulate) and decreases in activity of regions related with cognitive functions impaired during acute intoxication.The important question whether residual neurotoxic effects occur after prolonged and regular use of cannabis remains unclear, with no study addressing this question directly. Better designed neuroimaging studies, combined with cognitive evaluation, may be elucidative on this issue.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEffects of cannabinoid and vanilloid drugs on positive and negative-like symptoms on an animal model of schizophrenia: the SHR strain(Elsevier B.V., 2014-03-01) Almeida, Valeria [UNIFESP]; Peres, Fernanda F. [UNIFESP]; Levin, Raquel [UNIFESP]; Suiama, Mayra A. [UNIFESP]; Calzavara, Mariana B. [UNIFESP]; Zuardi, Antonio W.; Hallak, Jaime E.; Crippa, Jose A.; Abilio, Vanessa C. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Natl Inst Translat Med INCT TMStudies have suggested that the endocannabinoid system is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We have recently reported that Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRs) present a deficit in social interaction that is ameliorated by atypical antipsychotics. in addition, SHRs display hyperlocomotion - reverted by atypical and typical antipsychotics. These results suggest that this strain could be useful to study negative symptoms (modeled by a decrease in social interaction) and positive symptoms (modeled by hyperlocomotion) of schizophrenia and the effects of potential drugs with an antipsychotic profile. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of WIN55-212,2 (CB1/CB2 agonist), ACEA (CB1 agonist), rimonabant (CB1 inverse agonist), AM404 (anandamide uptake/metabolism inhibitor), capsaicin (agonist TRPV1) and capsazepine (antagonist TRPV1) on the social interaction and locomotion of control animals (Wistar rats) and SHRs. the treatment with rimonabant was not able to alter either the social interaction or the locomotion presented by Wistar rats (WR) and SHR at any dose tested. the treatment with WIN55-212,2 decreased locomotion (1 mg/kg) and social interaction (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) of WR, while the dose of 1 mg/kg increased social interaction of SHR. the treatment with ACEA increased (0.3 mg/kg) and decreased (1 mg/kg) locomotion of both strain. the administration of AM404 increased social interaction and decreased locomotion of SHR (5 mg/kg), and decreased social interaction and increased locomotion in WR (1 mg/kg). the treatment with capsaicin (2.5 mg/kg) increased social interaction of both strain and decreased locomotion of SHR (2.5 mg/kg) and WR (0.5 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg). in addition, capsazepine (5 mg/kg) decreased locomotion of both strains and increased (5 mg/kg) and decreased (10 mg/kg) social interaction of WR. Our results indicate that the schizophrenia-like behaviors displayed by SHR are differently altered by cannabinoid and vanilloid drugs when compared to control animals and suggest the endocannabinoid and the vanilloid systems as a potential target for the treatment of schizophrenia. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Indicações, vias de administração , doses e resposta terapêutica no uso do óleo artesanal de Cannabis na terapêutica veterinária de animais de companhia: posição de veterinários com uso do método Delphi(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2024-07-24) Florio, Telma [UNIFESP]; Silva, Regina Helena da [UNIFESP]; Waissmann, William; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0745659049466597; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0101190051087933; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3530152836859806; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Esta pesquisa investiga o potencial terapêutico dos canabinoides na medicina veterinária, focando em cães e gatos. Através de uma revisão da literatura e um estudo Delphi com 11 especialistas veterinários brasileiros, a pesquisa explora as bases fisiológicas, aplicações clínicas e desafios regulatórios dos canabinoides. O estudo revelou um consenso sobre a eficácia da cannabis medicinal em diversas condições, como dor crônica, epilepsia e ansiedade. Notavelmente, os especialistas brasileiros preferem óleos equilibrados CBD:THC (1:1), contrastando com tendências internacionais. A pesquisa enfatiza a importância da titulação individualizada da dose, iniciando com baixas concentrações de THC. Este estudo contribui significativamente para o campo emergente da medicina veterinária canábica, fornecendo diretrizes preliminares e destacando o potencial do Brasil em liderar inovações nesta área.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Síntese do (+)-canabidiol e avaliação de seu efeito ansiolítico(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2024-09-06) Rosa, Kawana [UNIFESP]; Raminelli, Cristiano [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3153931165773039; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1426087538174046(-)-Canabidiol [(-)-(CBD)] é um fitocanabinoide terpenofenólico, presente em diferentes espécies da planta Cannabis sativa, que apresenta um amplo potencial terapêutico, porém, devido às políticas antidrogas, seu consumo e venda são proibidos em diversos países. Neste contexto, realizamos o síntese do (+)-canabidiol [(+)-CBD], o enantiômero não natural do CBD, substância envolvida em um número limitado de estudos farmacológicos. A (S)-(+)-carvona foi utilizada como material de partida para a síntese do (+)-CBD, obtido por meio de uma reaçãode Friedel-Crafts, altamente diasterosseletiva, catalisada por triflato de prata (AgOTf). O (+)-CBD foi sintetizado em 6 etapas com um rendimento global de 3,2%. Estudos farmacológicos utilizando o método de esquiva discriminativa no labirinto em cruz (PM-DAT), como modelo para avaliar efeitos do tipo ansiolítico e de memória, foram desenvolvidoscom camundongos machos jovens e idosos. Nossos dados sugerem que o (+)-CBD apresenta efeito ansiolítico em camundongos idosos na dose de 20 mg/kg, quando comparado ao tratamento com diazepam (1 mg/kg).
- ItemRestritoSíntese do (-)-canabidiol através reação de Friedel-Crafts catalisada por triflato de prata(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2023-08-04) Pereira Junior, Marcos Accioly [UNIFESP]; Raminelli, Cristiano [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3153931165773039; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7022270128734007(-)-Canabidiol [(-)-CBD] é um canabinoide presente em Cannabis sativa e suas variantes com diversas aplicações farmacológicas, incluindo o tratamento de convulsões epilépticas oriundas das síndromes de Lennox-Gaustaut e Dravet. Entretanto, devido às políticas antidrogas e à proibição do cultivo de cânabis em vários países, torna-se necessário desenvolver rotas eficientes para sintetizar o (-)-CBD, tendo em vista que este composto é um fármaco. Assim, a extração do composto da C. sativa pode ser dispensada, evitando problemas relacionados às políticas mencionadas previamente. Dentre os diversos desafios atrelados à síntese do (-)-CBD, destacam-se baixos rendimentos, baixa regiosseletividade, baixa economia atômica e utilização de oxidantes tóxicos e bases fortes. Neste cenário, nosso trabalho apresenta uma rota relativamente curta para fornecer o (-)-CBD a partir da (R)-(-)-carvona, através da síntese de uma mistura diastereoisomérica do álcool alílico isopiperitenol, o qual foi acoplado com olivetol por uma reação de Friedel-Crafts alternativa, catalisada por AgOTf, como a etapa chave. O (-)-CBD foi obtido em seis etapas, com 4,5% de rendimento global, por simplificação da obtenção da porção monoterpênica, empregando misturas diastereoisoméricas, ocorrendo assim a redução do número de etapas de purificação da síntese. Além disso, a rota desenvolvida não envolveu reagentes de Cr (VI), que apresentam altas toxicidades, constituindo uma rota mais segura e sustentável para obter o (-)-CBD. No momento, o composto está sob avaliação farmacológica em modelos que avaliam a memória do medo condicionado.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSystematic review of the literature on clinical and experimental trials on the antitumor effects of cannabinoids in gliomas(Springer, 2014-01-01) Machado Rocha, Francisco Carlos [UNIFESP]; Santos Junior, Jair Guilherme dos; Stefano, Sergio Carlos [UNIFESP]; Silveira, Dartiu Xavier da [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Fac Med Sci Santa Casa São PauloTo evaluate, through a systematic review of the literature, the antitumoral effects of cannabinoids on gliomas. Research included the following electronic databases: PUBMED, EMBASE, LILACS and the Cochrane Collaboration Controlled Trials Register. All published studies involving the antitumoral effects (cellular and molecular mechanisms) of cannabinoids were considered for this review. the bibliography search strategy included all publications of each of these databases until December 31, 2012. From 2,260 initially identified articles, 35 fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this review. All the studies included in this systematic review were experimental (in vivo and/or in vitro), except for one pilot clinical trial phase I/II involving humans. in all experimental studies included, cannabinoids exerted antitumoral activity in vitro and/or antitumoral evidence in vivo in several models of tumor cells and tumors. the antitumor activity included: antiproliferative effects (cell cycle arrest), decreased viability and cell death by toxicity, apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, as well as antiangiogenic and antimigratory effects. Antitumoral evidence included: reduction in tumor size, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects. Additionally, most of the studies described that the canabinnoids exercised selective antitumoral action in several distinct tumor models. Thereby, normal cells used as controls were not affected. the safety factor in the cannabinoids' administration has also been demonstrated in vivo. the various cannabinoids tested in multiple tumor models showed antitumoral effects both in vitro and in vivo. These findings indicate that cannabinoids are promising compounds for the treatment of gliomas.