Navegando por Palavras-chave "Cadaver"

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    Cadaver as an experimental a model for the study of midline incisional hernia
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2011-08-01) Silveira, Romar Ângelo Barbato [UNIFESP]; Nahas, Fabio Xerfan [UNIFESP]; Hochman, Bernardo [UNIFESP]; Bazzano, Felix Carlos Ocariz; Amorim, Carlos Roberto [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); UNIVAS Bioethical Postgraduate Program
    PURPOSE: To describe a cadaver model and to compare different techniques to correct midline incisional hernia using the tension at the musculoaponeurotic layer as a parameter. METHODS: Twenty-four male cadavers were used to characterize the model. The tensile force applied to the anterior layers of the rectus abdominis muscle was measured after the linea alba was resected to create an abdominal wall defect. A dynamometer was used to measure the tensile force necessary to cause a 10-mm displacement of the tissues towards the midline. An index that allows comparison of tensile forces from different points was calculated by dividing the tensile force by the distance between the point of force application at the aponeurosis and the midline. RESULTS: Cadaver is a good model for the study of midline incisional hernia. CONCLUSION: Cadaver can be used effectively as a model to evaluate tension of the abdominal wall when tissue advancement and musculoaponeurotic flaps are performed in the repair of midline incisional hernia.
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    Cadaver as an experimental model to study abdominal wall tension
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2003-01-01) Nahas, Fabio Xerfan [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The use of cadaver as an experimental model to evaluate tension of the abdominal wall after aponeurotic incisions and muscular undermining is described on this article. The tension required to pull the anterior and the posterior rectus sheaths towards the midline was studied in fresh cadavers at two levels: 3 cm above and 2 cm below the umbilicus. Traction measurement was assessed with a dynamometer attached to suture loops on the anterior and posterior recti sheaths, close to the midline, above and below the umbilicus. The quotient of the force used to mobilize the aponeurotic site to the midline and its resulting displacement was called the traction index. These indices were compared in three situations: 1) prior to any aponeurotic undermining; 2) after the incision of the anterior rectus sheath and the undermining of the rectus muscle from its posterior sheath; and 3) after additionally releasing and undermining of the external oblique muscle. The experimental model described showed to be feasible to demonstrate the effects on tension of the abdominal wall after incisions and undermining of its muscles and aponeurosis.
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    Contribution Towards the Anatomy of the Esophageal Hiatus and its Relationship with the Presence of Bundles of Collagen Fibers in its Margins
    (Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2012-01-01) Oliveira Filho, Jose Jeova de [UNIFESP]; Herani Filho, Benedito [UNIFESP]; Reis, Francisco Prado [UNIFESP]; Correa Feitosa, Vera Lucia; Aragão, José Aderval [UNIFESP]; Tiradentes Univ UNIT; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed Sergipe; Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)
    The aim was to detect the presence of bundles of collagen fibers in the margins of the esophageal hiatus and establish if there is any relationship of these bundles with the anatomy of the hiatus. Ten adult male cadavers, with no gross anatomical alteration caused by trauma, surgery or disease, upon the esophageal hiatus were used in the study. A piece of anatomical structure comprising the diaphragm with the esophageal hiatus and adjacent tissues was removed, dissected and 10% formol embedding. With the aid of a digital caliper, measurements of the perimeter of the esophageal hiatus were done both in the abdominal and thoracic sides. For the structural study each margin was divided in six sections. Staining techniques of Masson and Picrosirius-hematoxilin were used. Collagen fibers bundles had been found in 8/10 studied cadavers, distributed in 13 margins of the hiatus, of which 7 to left and 6 to the right. The muscle fibers originating from the right pillar had participated in forming both margins of the esophageal hiatus in 60% of cadavers, while in 40%, the fibers of the left pillar had formed the medial side of the right margin. The right margin was statistically thicker than the left. It did not have a correlation between the measures of the vertices of the angles superior/inferior and the transversal measure of the esophageal hiatus. The measures between the vertices of the angles superior/inferior, respectively, with the central tendon and median arcuate ligament, had presented thoracic values that tended to the double, in relation to the abdominal ones, and had been statistically significant. These distances were smaller in cadavers who possessed bundles of collagen fibers in the margins of the esophageal hiatus. Bundles of collagen fibers bundles were found in 65% of the 20 margins of the esophageal hiatus. The margins of the esophageal hiatus were predominantly formed by muscles fibers originated of the right pillar of the muscle diaphragm. The anatomical and morphometric data presented statistically significant values regarding: thickness of the right arm in relation to the left; distance between the vertex of the superior angle and the central tendon; and distance between the vertex of the inferior angle and the median arcuate ligament.
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    Diferenças histomorfométricas entre as artérias torácicas internas esquerda e direita em humanos
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular, 2008-03-01) Ribeiro, Maria Flavia de Lima [UNIFESP]; Kneubil, Maximiliano Cassilha [UNIFESP]; Aquino, Marcello Simão de [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Guiomar Nascimento [UNIFESP]; Mazzilli, Paulo [UNIFESP]; Buffolo, Enio [UNIFESP]; Benatti, Camille Diem [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Walter José [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: The use of the left internal thoracic artery in coronary artery bypass surgery is currently recognized as the best option, providing lesser incidence of cardiovascular events and superior long-term survival. As a result, great expansion of bilateral internal thoracic artery (ITAs) grafts has been observed, with additional demonstration of improved long-term survival. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine and compare the histomorphometric structure among different segments of the left and right ITA. METHOD: Specimens of ITAs harvested from 18 cadavers were divided in nine proportional segments. Cuts of each segment had been stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Verhoeff-Van Gieson technique. The following parameters had been analyzed: perimeter of the arterial lumen, thickness of the intima, thickness of the media layer and amount of elastic fiber in the media layer. RESULTS: The perimeter of both ATIs decreases downstream its course, the proximal segments of the right ITA exhibit perimeter significantly greater than left ITA The analysis of the intima thickness revealed no significant difference between left and right ITA, except in the segment 9. The thickness of media layer showed no statistical difference between them, except in the segment 1. The number of elastic layers in the distal left ITA segments is significantly higher than right ITA. CONCLUSION: Data analyses from this study suggest structural differences between the left and right internal thoracic arteries.
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    Estudo da relação anatômica do nervo sensitivo radial após fixação percutânea com fios de Kirschner
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, 2008-03-01) Labronici, Pedro José; Franco, José Sergio; Hoffmann, Rolix; Silva, Anselmo Fernandes Da; Passos, Marco Aurélio Rodrigues Da Fonseca; Lourenço, Paulo Roberto Barbosa De Toledo; Fernandes, Hélio Jorge Alvachian [UNIFESP]; Reis, Fernando Baldy dos [UNIFESP]; Hospital Santa Teresa Clínica do Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia Prof. Dr. Donato D'Ângelo; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de Medicina Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia; Faculdade de Medicina de Petrópolis; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Hospital de Ipanema Grupo de Trauma; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: To establish the risk of lesion to the radial sensory nerve after percutaneous fixation in the distal radius region of cadavers. METHODS: The authors used 24 upper limbs of 12 skeletally mature cadavers, 10 male, and 2 female, mean age estimated as 50 years. A Kirschner wire was introduced in the styloid process of the radius to make the following determinations: distance between the wire and the radial sensory nerve, between the wire and the closest dorsal nerve branch, between the wire and the tendons of the first osteofibrous tunnel, and, finally, the number of branches of the radial sensory nerve. RESULTS: The site were the nerve appeared, between the two tendons and the Kirschner wire in the radial styloid process was a mean 5.09 cm, with a standard deviation of 0.75 cm. The distance between the Kirschner wire and the first dorsal branch was a mean 4.33 cm, ranging from zero to 10 cm. The number of nervous branches was a mean of four, ranging from two to eight branches. CONCLUSION: Results of this experimental study showed that when the wire is introduced in the styloid process of the radius, the risk of lesioning the radial sensory nerve is not a big risk. This risk is directly related to the number of nervous branches and to the angles of the wires while they are being introduced in the distal end of the radius.
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    An experimental model for the study of collagen fibers in skeletal muscle
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2012-10-01) Calvi, Eliziane Nitz de Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Nahas, Fabio Xerfan [UNIFESP]; Barbosa, Marcus Vinicius [UNIFESP]; Calil, José Augusto; Ihara, Silvia Saiuli Miki [UNIFESP]; Silva, Marcelo de Souza; Franco, Marcello Fabiano de [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To examine histological and histomorphometric techniques for measuring collagen in skeletal muscle. METHODS: The following staining methods were used in the study: hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, reticulin, and picrosirius red, and immunostaining for collagen types I, II, III, IV, and V. Histomorphometric measurements were performed using Corel PhotoPaint and UTHSCSA Image Tool 3.0 software. RESULTS: Both the Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red staining provided the best visualization for the measurement of collagen content. CONCLUSION: This methodology is important for the identification and quantification of the different types of collagen in muscles and can be used in the investigation of the qualitative and quantitative influence of collagen on physical activities, aging, and diseases.
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    Immunohistochemical analysis of collagen content and types in the rectus abdominis muscle of cadavers of different ages
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2011-01-01) Calvi, Eliziane Nitz de Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Nahas, Fabio Xerfan [UNIFESP]; Barbosa, Marcus Vinicius [UNIFESP]; Ihara, Silvia Saiuli Miki [UNIFESP]; Calil, José Augusto; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; UNINOVE Department of Physical Therapy; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To assess the collagen content and types in the rectus abdominis muscle of cadavers of different ages. METHODS: Forty fresh adult male cadavers, at room temperature, were obtained from the Institute of Legal Medicine of Franca and dissected within 24 hours of death. The cadavers were divided into two groups: Group A (n=20), 18 to 30 years of age, and Group B (n=20), 31 to 60 years of age. Bilateral incisions were made in the middle portion of anterior rectus sheath 3 cm superiorly and 2 cm inferiorly to the umbilicus and four fragments of the rectus abdominis muscle were dissected. The samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and sent for immunohistochemical analysis to determine collagen content and types. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical results revealed higher amounts of type I and type III collagen in Group A. However, no difference in the amount of type IV collagen was found between the groups. CONCLUSION: The amount of type I and type III collagen was higher in group A.
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    Improving tension decrease in components separation technique
    (Springer, 2014-02-01) Barbosa, Marcus Vinicius [UNIFESP]; Ayaviri, N. A. M. [UNIFESP]; Nahas, Fabio Xerfan [UNIFESP]; Juliano, Y. [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Univ Franca; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tension at the aponeurotic edges after the undermining of the anterior rectus sheath associated with the classic components separation in cadavers.Twenty fresh adult cadavers were placed supine and an incision in the anterior rectus sheath was done, thus exposing the posterior sheath. the two levels to be studied were marked 3 cm above and 2 cm below the umbilicus. An analogical dynamometer was used to measure the traction values, consecutively during four stages as follows: initial stage, no aponeurotic undermining; Stage 1, separation of the anterior rectus sheaths; Stage 2, after Stage 1 the external oblique aponeurosis were incised along the semilunaris and the external oblique muscles were undermined; Stage 3, after Stage 2 rectus muscles were completely separated from their posterior sheaths. Statistical analysis was done by Friedman's analysis of variance (p < 0.05).There was a progressive and significant decrease in tension along the stages (Friedman's analysis of variance, p < 0.001). Traction indexes were higher in the initial stage and became gradually lower along the other stages.The undermining of the anterior rectus sheaths helps to decrease tension during the components separation technique.Level V, experimental study.
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    Mapping traction strength of the anterior rectus sheath in cadaver
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2010-08-01) Silveira, Romar Ângelo Barbato [UNIFESP]; Nahas, Fabio Xerfan [UNIFESP]; Hochman, Bernardo [UNIFESP]; Bazzano, Felix Carlos Ocariz; Amorim, Carlos Roberto [UNIFESP]; Juliano, Yara [UNIFESP]; Passos, Volney Marques; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); UNIVAS
    PURPOSE: The tension at the aponeurotic edges of abdominal wall defects is an important factor of dehiscence and incisional hernia formation. The purpose of this study is to map and compare the traction force necessary for medial mobilization in various levels of the anterior rectus sheath in cadavers. METHODS: Twenty four adult male cadavers, raging from 22 to 59 years old, with the abdominal wall intact and without prior preservation techniques, were dissected. A complete excision of the linea alba was performed. Traction loops of 10 mm in diameter were made in the anterior rectus sheath and were placed: 2, 4, 6 and 8 cm below the lower edge of the umbilicus and 3, 6 and 9 cm above the upper edge of the umbilicus. Each loop was mobilized 10 mm in the medial direction, using an analog dynamometer. The values obtained in each level were compared using Friedman's analysis of Variance for p < 0.05. RESULTS: The average traction values obtained at the various levels were compared and there was no statistical significant difference. CONCLUSION: There is no variation in tension along the whole extension of the anterior rectus sheath.
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    Modelos experimentais em pesquisa
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2005-01-01) Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Hochman, Bernardo [UNIFESP]; Barbosa, Marcus Vinicius [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The purpose of this study is to collect the main classifications of experimental research models and their possible applications in experimental research. Literature search was done using the most important data bank available on the internet (PUBMED, MEDLINE, SCIELO, LILACS, COCHRANE). A compilation of the experimental studies developed at the Plastic Surgery Post Graduate Program of the Federal University of São Paulo/ Paulista School of Medicine was also done. Animals models were classified regarding sanitary and genotipical status. The understanding of the main classifications of the research experimental models is essential to improve and confirm procedures and techniques already described as well as the development of new ones.
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    Oblique popliteal ligament - an anatomical study
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, 2013-09-01) Fam, Lucas Pinto D'amico; Fruheling, Vagner Messias; Pupim, Barbara; Ramos, Carlos Henrique; Moura, Marcio Fernando Aparecido De; Namba, Mario; Silva, Joao Luiz Vieira Da; Cunha, Luiz Antonio Munhoz Da; Franco, Ana Paula Gebert De Oliveira; Stieven Filho, Edmar; Universidade Federal do Parana; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana
    OBJECTIVE:To study the anatomy of the oblique popliteal ligament, as regards its dimensions, expansion and anatomical relationships.METHODS:Eleven cadaver knees were dissected in order to study the anatomy and take mea-surements of anatomical structures and relationships of the oblique popliteal ligament. The dissection was for posterior access to the proper exposure of the oblique popliteal ligament, the semimembranosus muscle and its expansions. For measurement of dimensions, 40 × 12 needles were used for marking the specific points and a caliper. The angles were calculated using the software ImagePro Plus(r) .RESULTS:The distance from the origin of the oblique popliteal ligament to the tibial plateau was 7.4 mm, the thickness at its origin was 7.3 mm, length was 33.6 mm and the tibial plateau angle 34.8°. The length of the expansion of the proximal oblique popliteal ligament was 39.2 mm, thickness 7.8 mm and angle of the oblique popliteal ligament with its expansion 32.2°.CONCLUSION:The oblique popliteal ligament is thick, rises in the semimembranosus and protrudes proximally forming an acute angle with the joint interline, crossing the popliteal fossa. In some cases it has a proximal expansion.
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    Utilização do tendão do músculo palmar longo em procedimentos cirúrgicos: estudo em cadáveres
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, 2012-01-01) Angelini Júnior, Luiz Carlos; Angelini, Felipe Berdelli [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Bruna Craveiro De; Soares, Sonia Aparecida; Angelini, Luiz Carlos; Cabral, Richard Halti; Hospital do Servidor Publico Municipal Clinica de Cirurgia da Mão; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Metropolitana de Santos Faculdade de Medicina
    OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate that the tendon of palmar long can be estimated in relation to its length and width before using it as a graft in surgical procedure. METHODS: There were examined 60 forearms of 30 corpses of black ethnicity; measure the length and width of the tendon of the palmaris longus muscle and compared the length of the forearm. RESULTS: There are notes their absence unilateral right in two female corpses. The medium length and width were more or less respectively 11.9, 15.2 mm and 4.1 + 1.5 mm. The total average forearm length of 275.4 was more or less 17.9 mm. CONCLUSION: There is a significant relationship between the length of the tendon and the length of the forearm; so we can evaluate the size of the tendon of the palmaris longus muscle when it is necessary to use it for grafts. Levels of Evidence IV, Case series.
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    A variation in the component separation technique that preserves linea semilunaris: a study in cadavers and a clinical case
    (Elsevier B.V., 2010-03-01) Barbosa, Marcus Vinicius [UNIFESP]; Nahas, Fabio Xerfan [UNIFESP]; Oliveira Filho, Renato Santos de [UNIFESP]; Montecinos Ayaviri, Natalia Alinda [UNIFESP]; Novo, Neil Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Lydia Masako [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the effect of the incision of the external oblique aponeurosis along the semilunaris in amount of tension present after the undermining of the anterior rectus sheaths. Forty fresh adult cadavers were studied and divided into two groups: group A (n = 20) and group B (n = 20). Traction indexes were compared in three situations: (1) before any aponeurotic undermining (similar on both groups); (2) after incision and undermining of the anterior rectus sheaths (similar on both groups) and (3) group A: after undermining of the external oblique muscles with the incision of their aponeurosis along the semilunaris and group B: undermining of a continuous layer of the anterior rectus sheaths and the external oblique aponeurosis, after release of the lateral aspect of the rectus sheaths. Significance of differences was assessed using non-parametric tests. There was a significant tension reduction after each stage of dissection in both supra-and infra-umbilical levels and on both groups. Comparisons between groups A and B did not show statistically significant differences in all sites and stages of the dissections. Therefore, both techniques showed similar aponeurotic tension reduction after each stage of the dissections in cadavers. (C) 2009 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Sem título
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, 2014-07-01) Queiroz, Antônio Altenor Bessa de; Janovsky, César; Franciozi, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira [UNIFESP]; Ramos, Leonardo Addêo; Granata Junior, Geraldo Sérgio Mello; Luzo, Marcus Vinicius Malheiros [UNIFESP]; Cohen, Moises [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To determine the reference points for the exit of the tibial guidewire in relation to the posterior cortical bone of the tibia. Methods: Sixteen knees from fresh cadavers were used for this study. Using a viewing device and a guide marked out in millimeters, three guidewires were passed through the tibia at 0, 10 and 15 mm distally in relation to the posterior crest of the tibia. Dissections were performed and the region of the center of the tibial insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was determined in each knee. The distances between the center of the tibial insertion of the PCL and the posterior tibial border (CB) and between the center of the tibial insertion of the PCL and wires 1, 2 and 3 (CW1, CW2 and CW3) were measured. Results: In the dissected knees, we found the center of the tibial insertion of the PCL at 1.09 ± 0.06 cm from the posterior tibial border. The distances between the wires 1, 2 and 3 and the center of the tibial insertion of the PCL were respectively 1.01 ± 0.08, 0.09 ± 0.05 and 0.5 ± 0.05 cm. Conclusion: The guidewire exit point 10 mm distal in relation to the posterior crest of the tibia was the best position for attempting to reproduce the anatomical center of the PCL.
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    (Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, 2013-12-01) Figueiredo, Eduardo Antonio de; Terra, Bernardo Barcellos; Cohen, Carina; Monteiro, Gustavo Cara; Pochini, Alberto de Castro [UNIFESP]; Andreoli, Carlos Vicente [UNIFESP]; Cohen, Moises [UNIFESP]; Ejnisman, Benno [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective:To study the insertion of the pectoralis major tendon to the humerus, through knowledge of its dimensions in the coronal and sagittal planes.Methods:Twenty shoulders from 10 cadavers were dissected and the pectoralis major tendon insertion on the humerus was identified and isolated. The dimensions of its footprint (proximal to distal and medial to lateral borders) and the distance from the top edge of the pectoralis major tendon to apex of the humeral head structures were measured.Results:The average proximal to distal border length was 80.8 mm (range: 70 -90) and the medial-to-lateral border length was 6.1 mm (5 -7). The average distance (and range) from the apex of the pectoralis major tendon to the humeral head was 59.3 mm.Conclusions:We demonstrate that the insertion of the pectoralis major tendon is laminar, and the pectoralis major tendon has an average footprint height and width of 80.8 mm and 6.1 mm, respectively.