Navegando por Palavras-chave "Autonomic control"

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    Cardiovascular control in experimental diabetes
    (Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 2002-09-01) De Angelis, Katia; Schaan, Beatriz D'Agord; Maeda, C.y.; Dal Lago, Pedro; Wichi, Rogerio Brandao [UNIFESP]; Irigoyen, Maria Claudia [UNIFESP]; Universidade de Santo Amaro UNIPESQ Laboratório de Cardiovascular; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde Departamento de Fisiologia; Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul FAENFI Curso de Fisioterapia
    Several studies have reported impairment in cardiovascular function and control in diabetes. The studies cited in this review were carried out from a few days up to 3 months after streptozotocin administration and were concerned with the control of the circulation. We observed that early changes (5 days) in blood pressure control by different peripheral receptors were maintained for several months. Moreover, the impairment of reflex responses observed after baroreceptor and chemoreceptor stimulation was probably related to changes in the efferent limb of the reflex arc (sympathetic and parasympathetic), but changes also in the central nervous system could not be excluded. Changes in renal sympathetic nerve activity during volume expansion were blunted in streptozotocin-treated rats, indicating an adaptive natriuretic and diuretic response in the diabetic state. The improvement of diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction induced by exercise training seems to be related to changes in the autonomic nervous system. Complementary studies about the complex interaction between circulation control systems are clearly needed to adequately address the management of pathophysiological changes associated with diabetes.
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    Repercussão metabólica e cardiovascular do consumo de uma dieta hipercalórica associada a uma sobrecarga de sal em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR)
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-08-30) Souza, Marina Soares De [UNIFESP]; Farah, Vera de Moura Azevedo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0437040349763990; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4568820181120017; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: The association of arterial hypertension with poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyle are of worldwide concern due to the increasing increase of morbimortality due to cardiovascular diseases, so it is necessary to better understand the health impacts investigate the cardiovascular and metabolic repercussion of an associated unbalanced diet to salt consumption in hypertensive individuals. Objectives: to evaluate the effects of the association of hypercaloric diet and acute salt overload in the autonomic cardiovascular control and in the metabolic profile of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Methods: Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), recently weaned, were divided into 4 groups (n = 6-12/each): Control Group (HC); Salt Group (HS); Group Hypercaloric diet (HD); Diet + Salt Group (HDS). HC and HS were fed commercial feed and HD and HDS ingested hypercaloric manipulated feed for 8 weeks. HS and HDS groups ingested water with 1% increased salt over the last 10 days of protocol. Animals and feed intake were measured weekly. Tests were performed for fasting glycemia (FG), glucose tolerance (GTT) and lipid profile. The acquisition of blood pressure and administration of vasoactive drugs were performed through catheterization of the femoral artery and vein, respectively. The arterial catheter was connected to a data acquisition system (Windaq®, 4kHz) for analysis of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HRV) and systolic (VPS) variability (CardioSeries®). The animals were euthanized with ketamine (210 mg/kg) and xylazine (36 mg/kg), in which blood was collected to obtain serum, heart and visceral fats for weighing. Results: All groups fed similar amounts of feed, but HD and HDS ingested more kcal than HC and HS, and HD and HDS ingested more lipids than HC and HS. Dietary animals finished the protocols with lower weight, nevertheless, the HD group had a higher Lee index than the other groups. FG was higher in the HD and HDS groups and the HD GTT was higher HC and HDS higher than the other groups. HS had lower body fat than HC, since HD had more deposition of retroperitoneal and epididimal fat than HC and HS and HDS more than all the other groups. HD cholesterol was higher than the other groups, other components of the lipid profile showed no statistical difference. HS PAM was higher than HC and HDS was higher than all groups. There was no difference in HR. HRV was higher in HS than in HC and LF percentage of HDS was higher than HC and HS. HD showed lower VPS in relation to HC. There was no difference in baroreflex sensitivity between all groups. Conclusion: It was observed that the salt-associated diet was able to exacerbate MAP in already hypertensive rats, besides increasing cardiac sympathetic modulation. The diet was also able to increase visceral adiposity and decrease glucose tolerance, which shows that young patients with systemic arterial hypertension aggravate their metabolic state by ingesting high calorie ration and exaggerated consumption of salt, which can induce a metabolic syndrome.