Navegando por Palavras-chave "Antioxidant enzymes"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Alteração da atividade da superóxido dismutase e glutationa peroxidase nos estados de ultra alto risco para psicose(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-05-31) Rios, Adiel Carneiro [UNIFESP]; Brietzke, Elisa Macedo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9741366667739336; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8794547124499054; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The high risk for psychosis (HRP) comprises a set of psychotic symptoms such as changes in perception and thoughts. The concept was developed to facilitate the detection and early intervention in these disorders. Strategies to identify individuals with high risk for psychosis in addition to enabling early intervention can determine the actual risk of conversion to psychosis and thus improve measures of prediction and psychosis control. New approaches have been used to understand mental disorders, such as schizophrenia. The models of clinical staging, is particularly useful in the early and milder clinical presentations of the disease. Studies suggest the presence of a deregulation of oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and in the first episode of psychoses. However, very little is known about oxidative stress before disease onset. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in 13 young ultra high risk (UHR) subjects with psychosis to 29 healthy control (HC) subjects matched for age and sex. The clinical profile was evaluated using the Comprehensive Assessment at Risk of Mental Status (CAARMS), Semi- Structured Clinical Interview for AXIS-I of DSM-IV (SCID-I) or Kiddie-SADS-Present and Life Version K-SADS-PL) and Global Functioning Assessment (GFA). The activities of plasma superoxide dismutase (PSD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured in serum by the spectrophotometric method using enzyme immunoassay kits and were compared between the two groups. The results indicate a significant reduction in the enzymatic activity of PSD and GPX in the UHR group compared to the control group. There were also positive correlations between the GFA performance score and the GPx and SOD activities. The results suggest that oxidative imbalances may be present in the early stages of psychosis, even at risk stages. Future studies should replicate and expand these results.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosBiochemical, biometrical and behavioral changes in male offspring of sleep-deprived mice(Elsevier B.V., 2010-06-01) Aguilar Calegare, Bruno Frederico [UNIFESP]; Fernandes, Leandro [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; D'Almeida, Vania [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest a high prevalence of cognitive impairment and social behavior deficits in adolescents and adults that have experienced prenatal exposure to adverse conditions. This study investigated whether sleep deprivation during the preimplantation stage of development alters the physiological, behavioral and oxidative metabolic processes in adult male mouse offspring. One group of dams was continuously sleep-deprived using the platform technique from gestational days 0 to 3 (PSD 72). Three additional groups were sleep-deprived by gentle handling for 6 h on gestational days 1 (GH 1), 2 (GH 2) or 3 (GH 3). After sleep deprivation, homocysteine, cysteine, corticosterone, estrogen and progesterone concentrations were measured from the experimental mothers and time-matched controls. the sizes and weights of the male pups were measured at various stages throughout the experiment. At PND 90, behavioral (Activity Box and Elevated Plus Maze) and biochemical parameters were assessed. the dams' plasma progesterone concentrations decreased in the PSD 72 group, and the levels of plasma estradiol increased in GH 2. Corticosterone levels were found to increase after all sleep-deprivation procedures. Homocysteine concentrations increased in the GH 2 but decreased in the PSD 72 group. the offspring of GH 1 mothers exhibited decreased superoxide dismutase activity. Exposure to sleep deprivation had a long-lasting impact on tissue weight; in particular, there was a decrease in hemilateral epididymal fat weight in mature animals from the PSD 72 group. Although some of the alterations observed in the mothers (elevated estrogen and corticosterone levels and decreased progesterone) might have played a role in the permanent alterations in the adult offspring, they were not the main cause. the homocysteine changes detected in the sleep-deprived dams may contribute to redox changes, controlling gene expression and shaping epigenetic development. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosHomocysteine Thiolactone Induces Cardiac Dysfunction: Role of Oxidative Stress(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010-02-01) Mendes, Roberta Hack; Sirvente, Raquel de Assis; Candido, Georgia Orsi; Mostarda, Cristiano; Salemi, Vera Maria Cury; D'Almeida, Vânia [UNIFESP]; Jacob, Maria Helena Vianna Metello; Ribeiro, Maria Flavia Marques; Bello-Klein, Adriane; Rigatto, Katya; Irigoyen, Maria Claudia; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed Ciencias Saude Porto AlegreThis study investigates the cardiac functioning in male Wistar rats after treatments with methionine and homocysteine thiolactone (HcyT). the rats were distributed into 3 groups and treated for 8 weeks. Group I was the control (CO) group, given water, group II was treated with methionine, and group III with HcyT (100 mg/kg). Morphometric and functional cardiac parameters were evaluated by echocardiography. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione S-transferase activities, chemiluminescence, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and immunocontent were measured in the myocardium. Hyperhomocysteinemia was observed in rats submitted to the both treatments. the results showed diastolic function was compromised in HcyT group, seen by the increase of E/A (peak velocity of early (E) and late (A) diastolic filling) ratio, decrease in deceleration time of E wave and left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time. Myocardial performance index was increased in HcyT group and was found associated with increased SOD immunocontent. HcyT group demonstrated an increase in SOD, catalase, and glutatione S-transferase activity, and chemiluminescence and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Overall, these results indicated that HcyT induces a cardiac dysfunction and could be associated with oxidative stress increase in the myocardium.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Suplementação de leucina e quercetina, possível papel metabólico em modelo de obesidade induzido por dieta hiperlipídica e hiperglicídica(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-05-30) Moreno, Mayara Franzoi [UNIFESP]; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7125541171554727; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9090893466948711; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objetivo: Avaliar as alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas decorrentes da administração de leucina e/ou quercetina em um modelo animal de obesidade induzida por dieta hiperlipídica-hiperglicídica em camundongos. Métodos: Foram utilizados camundongos machos C57BL/6J divididos em cinco grupos experimentais: controle (C); hiperlipídicahiperglicídica (H); H+leucina (HL); H+quercetina (HQ); H+leucina+quercetina (HLQ). Foram analisados: massa corporal, massas dos tecidos adiposos e gastrocnêmio, monitoramento da homeostase da glicose (teste de tolerância à insulina e teste tolerância oral de a glicose), biomarcadores metabólicos (colesterol total, triacilgliceróis, lipopolisacarideos), biomarcadores inflamatórios (TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6 e adiponectina), biomarcadores relacionados a atividade antioxidante (superóxido dismutase, catalase e glutationa peroxidase), conteúdo energético das fezes, análise dos ácidos graxos de cadeia curta fecais, 8-isoprostano livre no plasma, expressão gênica por qPCR no colon (Occludin, Muc2, Fiaf). Resultados: De forma isolada ou sinérgica a quercetina e a leucina não melhoraram o ganho de massa corporal, adiposidade, homeostase da glicose ou a sensibilidade à insulina em camundongos alimentados com dieta H. Entretanto, nossos dados sugerem que a quercetina e/ou leucina poderiam atuar favoravelmente na redução do estresse oxidativo ao prevenir o aumento espécies reativas de oxigênio induzido pela dieta H, (modulando as enzimas antioxidantes como CAT e GPx; e as frações livres de 8-Isoprostano), interferindo positivamente na progressão da obesidade com consequências benéficas preliminares aos distúrbios metabólicos associados à obesidade. Além disso, a coadministração de quercetina e leucina aumentou significativamente a expressão do mRNA do fator adiposo induzido pelo jejum (Fiaf) e da Muc2. Conclusão: O presente estudo indica que a quercetina e leucina exercem efeitos isolados e sinérgicos metabolicamente benéficos e que esses efeitos estão associados a mudanças na atividade antioxidante e fisiologia intestinal. Além disso, mais pesquisas são necessárias para avaliar a aplicabilidade terapêutica da quercetina e leucina no tratamento da obesidade.