Navegando por Palavras-chave "Anthropology, cultural"

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    Depressão infantil: abordagem antropológica
    (Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2007-02-01) Nakamura, Eunice [UNIFESP]; Santos, José Quirino dos [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: To understand the sociocultural meanings of childhood depression, from the medical-scientific concept of the disease. METHODS: This was a qualitative study carried out in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2003. It consisted of ethnographic observation and in-depth interviews with eight psychiatrists from a public health service and nine relatives (parents or guardians) of children who had been diagnosed with and were being treated for childhood depression. The analysis sought to identify categories that would make it possible to isolate different notions of the disease, as expressed in the discourse of these groups. RESULTS: Different notions of the disease were identified, in accordance with the cultural patterns of the discourse. For the psychiatrists, the concept of childhood depression was related to inappropriate child behavior, or bad functioning, which then had to be adjusted by medical intervention. For the relatives, childhood depression meant dissatisfaction and discomfort with life and intolerance of adults to child behavior. It was seen that the discourse of the psychiatrists and relatives interviewed showed great diversity of subjects, concepts and categories, according to the logic of their particular understandings and explanations for childhood depression. CONCLUSIONS: In the light of the results obtained, the phenomenon of childhood depression can be analyzed not as an event determined by medical-scientific knowledge, but as a dynamic process of creative reinvention of categories and concepts that are fundamental to this discourse. It is therefore concluded that childhood depression presents as a differentiated disease, in the form of a broad category that is capable of integrating different connotations and contexts under the same term.
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    Estresse e modos de andar a vida: subsídios de Georges Canguilhem para uma etnoepidemiologia da Síndrome Geral da Adaptação na cidade de São Paulo.
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-09-29) Santos, Maurici Tadeu Ferreira dos [UNIFESP]; Gomes, Mara Helena de Andrea [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This study investigated the perception that the residents of a condominium in the city of Sao Paulo have about their stress and life conditions, with the goal of establishing a critical reflection based on a ethnoepidemiologic proposal. We employed descriptive research on residential condominium called "Projeto Viver Celso Garcia – CPV” in the district of Belenzinho, east of the state capital, with contributions of anthropology (ethnography) and descriptive epidemiology as the main means for better understanding our object of study. The interviews allowed us to complement additional data collection; held with 16 residents and a key non-resident informant, using a questionnaire adapted from Peluso & Blay (2008), Lipp (1999), Holmes & Rahe ( 1976) and Sheldon Cohen et al (1983). The interviews were conducted during the second half of 2009 and the analysis and treatment in the first half of 2010. The responses were categorized and interpreted based on adapting the technique of "content analysis" in Pondé et al (2009) and Minayo (2007). The ethnography was based on the concepts of Georges Canguilhem in his book "The Normal and Pathological" (2009) and epidemiological data were based on research to databases from the SIAB - Information System of Primary Care. The approach allowed ethnoepidemiologic find in the multifaceted and ambiguous character of stress, a predominance of polarized feelings among the descriptors "frustrating and gratifying" showing different ways dependent on the ways of walking life. It also allowed us to see the stress as "faithfulness or unfaithfulness" associated with “individual organic whole – environment” according to the production of individual or collective norms that modulate ways of walking life following ideas of Georges Canguilhem. The study was suitable as a resource for better understanding of the need for capacity and production of norms in complex systems such as those which are involved on the general adaptation syndrome and adaptive disorders in urban conditions of living as well.
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    Stress em profissionais de enfermagem: um estudo etnográfico
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-07-28) Martins, Maria das Graças Teles [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Pedro Paulo Gomes [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The aim of this study was to apprehend, by means of an ethnographic approach, the social representations of stress in nurses that work at the Intensive Therapy Unit and Surgical Unit in a public hospital of João Pessoa (PB). We intended to understand how nurses think, feel, elaborate, associate and represent stress in different contexts of their professional and social lives. Through narratives and verbal and non-verbal discourses of the interlocutors, we tried to verify how they elaborate what they call stress, associating and defining it in their social and cultural quotidian.