Navegando por Palavras-chave "Amostragem"
Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemSomente MetadadadosUma Análise Sobre O Estudo De Amostragem No Ensino Médio(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-03-21) Melo, Rodrigo Antonio Fernandes De [UNIFESP]; Cespedes, Juliana Garcia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The statistics have vital importance nowadays, because it is an indispensable tool for any citizen in terms of assist to react intelligently to the various items of information which are constantly presented to them. It is understandable that technical statistics and research methods which envolve from the planning of the experiment consequently the definition of the objective population , the sampling procedure the definition of the sampling size to the analysis and the processing of information obtained through the experiment. In this context, the sampling process is signifcantly important for obtaining inferences and elucidations about a research. Therefore the purpose of this work is to analyse critically the learning of the sampling offered to students of the public schools during High School and propose a class technique using as basis the Situated Learning 8 from the 3° grade students workbook part 2 of the High School. The material created by State Education Department, with the teacher´s guide, guides teachers work by learning situations in the specific content development of each curricular component. The activity performed allowed students learned the Statistic concepts, with emphasis on concept of sampling, in fluid and practical way. The work presented is of practical character which final product is a proposal to teach the sampling in the High School.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosAvaliacao de impacto do programa jovem pesquisador em centros emergentes da fundacao de amparo a pesquisa do estado de São Paulo no periodo 1995-2004(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2007) Pian, Carlos Alberto de [UNIFESP]
- ItemSomente MetadadadosAvaliação de resistência antirretroviral em população de homens que têm sexo com homens em estudo multicêntrico no Brasil por Respondent Driven Sampling(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2012) Bermudez Aza,Elkin Hernan [UNIFESP]; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira [UNIFESP]O HIV-1 apresenta uma alta diversidade genetica, resultado principalmente de sua alta taxa de replicacao e das caracteristicas da atividade de sua Transcriptase Reversa. Existem poucos estudos sobre os subtipos de HIV e de resistencia transmitida e secundaria aos medicamentos antirretrovirais em amostras de homens que tem sexo com homens (HSH) no Brasil. Com a finalidade de estudar as caracteristicas virologicas, foram empregadas amostras de voluntarios das cinco regioes brasileiras selecionados atraves da metodologia de respondent driven sampling (RDS). Analisamos a diversidade genetica do HIV e a prevalencia de mutacoes associadas com resistencia antirretroviral em HSH nas cinco regioes geograficas do Brasil. Usando RDS foram recrutados e entrevistados 3.515 HSH em 10 cidades. Destes, 299 (9,5%) eram infectados com HIV e 178 concordaram em testes de genotipagem. Nos descrevemos neste trabalho os resultados de 162 amostras; os subtipos mais comuns foram: B (81,4%), C (7,4%), F (4,3%), D (0,6%) e formas recombinantes (6,2%). Especificamente de 143 pessoas cujas amostras foram adequadas para analise e tinham disponiveis dados epidemiologicos: 44 (30,8%) tinham recebido terapia antirretroviral (ART) (AE) e 99 (69,2%) eram ART-naive (AN). Apos o sequenciamento nas regioes da transcriptase reversa e protease do virus, a analise para mutacoes de resistencia foi feita usando os parametros da OMS. A prevalencia da resistencia primaria foi de 21,4%, isto e, entre os NA; e a de resistencia secundaria foi de 35,8% (isto e, entre os AE). A prevalencia de resistencia a inibidores de protease (IP) foi de 3,9% (AN) e 4,4% (AE); para inibidor da transcriptase reversa analogo de nucleosideos (NRTI) 15,0% (AN) e 31,0% (AE) e para inibidor da transcriptase reversa nao analogo de nucleosideos (NNRTI) 5,5% (AN) e 13,2% (AE). A mutacao de resistencia mais comum para NRTIs foi 184V (17 casos) e para NNRTIs: 103N (16 casos). Nossos dados sugerem um alto nivel de resistencia transmitida em HSH no Brasil. Estudos epidemiologicos desenhados para medir a prevalencia de resistencia primaria nesta populacao sao necessarios para identificar os correlatos e as causas da resistencia antirretroviral para poder limitar o desenvolvimento de resistencia nesta e outras populacoes
- ItemSomente MetadadadosCaracteristicas bioquimicas e sorologicas de amostras de Escherichia coli enterotoxigenica(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 1979) Matos, Darcy Pires de [UNIFESP]
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Distribuição vertical de foraminíferos em sedimentos estuarinos: aspectos metodológicos e suas implicações em estudos ecológicos(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2017-12-21) Kukimodo, Isabela [UNIFESP]; Semensatto, Decio Luis [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Methodological aspects of sample collection are discussed in all areas of Science, given their potential impacts on interpretations and conclusions. In the case of ecological studies based on recent foraminifera, there are variations on the depth of the sediment layer collected, counting living organisms versus dead versus living plus dead organisms (called total microfauna) and the collection of single samples versus replicates. This paper aimed to answer some of these questions, especially but not exclusively in the inter-tidal zone of tropical regions: (i) the adoption of the strategy of single sample collection or replicates can cause different results and interpretations? (ii) are there differences in results and interpretations generated from the count of living organisms versus living dead bodies?; and (iii) the depth of collection of the sediment layers influence the results and interpretations based on the foraminifera on their respective environments? For this purpose, three collection points were selected along the mangrove margins associated to the Itapanhaú River, in Bertioga (SP), and in each one three microcores with 20 cm depth were collected. In each microcore 3 ml of sediment was extracted in the layers of 0 to 1, 4 to 5, 9 to 10, 14 to 15 and 19 to 20 cm. All the samples were compared among themselves regarding absolute abundance and species composition and taxocenosis, diversity, and equitability, using single and multivariate statistical techniques. Also, the results obtained were compared with the set of live foraminifers at the time of collection and total (live + dead). Replicate collection is better than a single sample, both for the living and for the total, because they enable to capture the spatial variation of the foraminifera and thus, the application of more accurate inferential statistical analysis. There were substantial differences in ecological interpretations and their respective indicators between analyzes based on living and total only so that they should not be considered directly comparable to each other. Counting live foraminifera requires greater collecting and picking effort to reach the statistical minimum recommended. As for depth, the first centimeter should be sufficient to collect the vast majority of live foraminifera, especially for estimating species richness. In the case of total teak (living + dead), there were no significant differences for ecological interpretation as the depth of collection increased. However, thicker sediments result in a longer time interval integrated into the sample, which may be a study objective.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEstudo genetico e fisico em plasmidios de amostras humanas enterotoxigenicas de Escherichia coli(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 1979) Nunez Martinez, Thereza Conceicao [UNIFESP]
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Geographical stratification by socio-economic status: methodology from a household survey with elderly people in S. Paulo, Brazil(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 1989-12-01) Ramos, Luiz Roberto [UNIFESP]; Goihman, Samuel [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo Cooordenação do Programa de Saúde do Idoso; Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo Centro de Informação em SaúdeConsidering that in most developing countries there are still no comprehensive lists of addresses for a given geographical area, there has always been a problem in drawing samples from the community, ensuring randomisation in the selection of the subjects. This article discusses the geographical stratification by socio-economic status used to draw a multistage random sample from a community-based elderly population living in a city like S. Paulo - Brazil. Particular attention is given to the fact that the proportion of elderly people in the total population of a certain area appeared to be a good discriminatory variable for such stratification. The validity of the stratification method is analysed in the light of the socio-economic results obtained in the survey.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPadroes de reatividade de soros de individuos em diferentes fases clinicas de infeccao por HIV-1, frente a um peptideo sintetico da GP41(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 1993) Lacouture, Carolina Lacouture [UNIFESP]