Navegando por Palavras-chave "ACE inhibitor"
Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Bloqueio do sistema renina-angiotensina atenua lesões em órgãos-alvo em modelo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e hipercolesterolemia induzidos por dieta(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009) Helfenstein, Tatiana [UNIFESP]; Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Com o crescente aumento da prevalência mundial de diabetes mellitus, tem-se buscado modelos experimentais para melhor compreensão de sua fisiopatologia e tratamento que atendam de maneira mais adequada à preservação de células beta, proteção de órgãos-alvo e atenuação da aterosclerose. Objetivos: Desenvolver modelo experimental de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 induzido por meio de dieta, e utilizá-lo para examinar os efeitos de um inibidor da enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA) e de um bloqueador do receptor de angiotensina (BRA) na proteção de órgãos-alvo. Métodos: Coelhos machos Nova Zelândia (n=49) receberam dieta acrescida de banha (10%), sacarose (40%) durante todo o protocolo do estudo além de colesterol (0,5% nos três primeiros meses e 0,1% nos meses subseqüentes). Os animais receberam aleatoriamente: apenas a dieta sem fármacos (G1), olmesartana 5 mg (G2), quinapril 30 mg (G3), ou a combinação de ambos (G4), acrescidos à mesma dieta por seis meses. Foram analisados lípides, frutosamina, glicose e insulina em jejum com cálculo dos índices para resistência à insulina e função de células beta pancreáticas. Foram ainda examinadas as áreas sob as curvas de insulina e glicose, após infusão de glicose intraperitoneal. Angiofluoresceinografias e análises histopatológicas avaliaram lesões em órgãos-alvo. Resultados: Os coelhos ganharam peso, e houve aumento dos níveis de glicose, colesterol total, LDL-C e triglicérides e redução do HDL-C (p <0,05 vs. basal). A frutosamina e o HOMA-IR se elevaram, enquanto houve redução do HOMA-β (p <0,05 vs. basal). Sinais precoces de retinopatia diabética foram observados a partir do terceiro mês, progredindo até o final do experimento (p<0,0005). Lesões ateroscleróticas em aorta, esteatofibrose hepática e infiltrado glomerular de macrófagos constituíram os principais achados histomorfológicos. O bloqueio do sistema renina-angiotensina modificou favoravelmente a glicemia e o HOMA-β (p<0,05) e houve atenuação do número e grau dos microaneurismas pelo tratamento com BRA isoladamente ou combinado com IECA (p<0,05 vs. G1). Conclusões: Nosso modelo reproduziu várias características glucometabólicas do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 humanóide, incluindo déficit de secreção e resistência à insulina. O bloqueio do sistema renina-angiotensina atenuou algumas alterações bioquímicas e as lesões microvasculares em retina.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Brazilian multicenter study on efficacy and tolerability of trandolapril in mild-to-moderate essential arterial hypertension. EMBATHE substudy with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC, 1999-05-01) Kohlmann Junior, Osvaldo [UNIFESP]; Jardim, Paulo César B. Veiga; Oigman, Wille; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: A double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study involving 34 centers from different Brazilian regions was performed to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of trandolapril, an angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor, in the treatment of mild-to-moderate systemic arterial hypertension. METHODS: Of 262 patients enrolled in this study, 127 were treated with trandolapril 2 mg/day for 8 consecutive weeks, and the remaining 135 patients received placebo for the same period of time. Reduction in blood pressure (BP) and the occurrence of adverse events during this period were evaluated in both groups. RESULTS: Significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic pressures were observed in patients treated with trandolapril when compared with those on placebo. Antihypertensive efficacy was achieved in 57.5% of the patients on trandolapril and in 42% of these normal values of BP were obtained. The efficacy of trandolapril was similar in all centers, regardless of the area of the country. In a subset of 30 patients who underwent ABPM, responders showed a significant hypotensive effect to trandolapril throughout the 24 hour day. The adverse event profile was similar in both trandolapril and placebo groups. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate, for the first time in a large group of hypertensive patients from different regions in Brazil, good efficacy and tolerability of trandolapril during treatment of mild-to-moderate essential systemic hypertension.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosHigh glucose levels abolish antiatherosclerotic benefits of ACE inhibition in alloxan-induced diabetes in rabbits(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005-04-01) Pomaro, Daniel Roberto [UNIFESP]; Ihara, Silvia Saiuli Miki [UNIFESP]; Pinto, Leonor do Espírito Santo de Almeida [UNIFESP]; Ueda, Ivete [UNIFESP]; Casarini, Dulce E. [UNIFESP]; Ebihara, Fabiana [UNIFESP]; Santos, Andreza Oliveira dos [UNIFESP]; Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira [UNIFESP]; Fonseca, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Renin-angiotensin system activation is recognized to play an important role in atherosclerosis. This study aimed to verify the antiatherosclerotic effects of ACE inhibition on an experimental model of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. Diabetes was induced in New Zealand male rabbits with a single dose of alloxan (100 mg/kg, IV), and, according to plasma glucose levels obtained after 1 week, the animals were divided into 2 groups (>= 250 mg/dL or < 250 mg/dL). Each group was randomly assigned to receive or not quinapril (30 mg/d) added to a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched diet. Animals with high glucose levels at 1 week and that remained high after 12 weeks presented higher triglyceride levels (P < 0.02 versus basal). Those initially hyperglycemic but presenting < 250 mg/dL glucose at the end of study formed an additional group. Plasma ACE activity was lower in quinapril-treated animals (P < 0.01 versus untreated groups). However, aorta intima/media ratio and intima area were lower only in the subgroups of quinapril-treated animals with low glucose levels (P < 0.05). Our results support the hypothesis that high plasma glucose may abolish the anti atheroscl erotic effect of ACE inhibitors.