Navegando por Palavras-chave "social determinants of health"

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    Percepções das condicionalidades nos programas de transferência de renda: o caso das beneficiárias do CRAS Morro Nova Cintra
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-08-26) Ramacciotti, Nathalia Nabor [UNIFESP]; Acosta, Ana Rojas [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4761034356311819; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8431985659418135; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Social Security appears in Europe in the twentieth century as a tool to address the structural inequalities in the workforce produced by capitalism. From the Washington Consensus, 1989, the World Bank has established guidelines for cash transfer programs for developing countries. Brazilian programs, following these guidelines, are focal programs and intend to increase the ?human capital? of the population through conditionalities in the areas of Health and Education. This dissertation aimed to investigate the effects of compliance with these conditionalities, especially gender related, through the speech of their beneficiaries at CRAS Morro Nova Cintra, Santos. It started from the hypothesis that by prioritizing the female figure as the main responsible for compliance with conditionalities there is the risk of negative impacts on the life of this subject. This is a quantitative-qualitative practical research with explanatory goals. Data collection was conducted through focus groups, survey of official texts and social records analysis. Data analysis was performed by Critical Discourse Analysis. Dialectical Materialism was the theoretical referential. Women surveyed perceive conditionality as charge, and although not directly resent it, point out that other participants who are not meeting the commitments, should be as charged as they are. The results also showed that the sexual division of labor appeared in the speeches collected in the focus groups, but not in the discourses of the state. Public policies do not act effectively to change this unfair situation, which may contribute to the maintenance of social inequality in Brazil.
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    Prevalence and determinants of vitamin A deficiency among Brazilian children under 2 years of age from the 2006 National Demographic Health Survey
    (Int Nutrition Foundation, 2014-12-01) Konstantyner, Tulio [UNIFESP]; Warkentin, Sarah [UNIFESP]; Taddei, Jose Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Santo Amaro
    Background. Vitamin A deficiency is prevalent among infants, primarily in undeveloped communities, compromising immune system competence and raising morbidity and mortality rates. Understanding the risk factors associated with vitamin A deficiency is essential to create informed health policies.Objective. To identify and quantify risk factors for vitamin A deficiency in a probabilistic sample of children under 2 years of age participating in a national survey in Brazil and to provide a comprehensive risk factor model to inform health strategies and policies.Methods. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of 1,436 children from the 2006 Brazilian National Survey on Demography and the Health of Women and Children. Vitamin A deficiency was defined as retinol levels below 0.70 mu g/dL.Results. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency was estimated at 16.1% (95% CI, 12.7 to 20.2). The Poisson regression model identified three risk factors for vitamin A deficiency: urban residence (prevalence ratio [PR]=1.47, p=.023), no consumption of animal meat within the past week (PR=1.41, p=.031), and a mother older than 25 years (PR=1.31, p=.048).Conclusions. Strategies to control infant vitamin A deficiency should include health promotion and nutrition education for families from all socioeconomic levels. Improvements in lifestyle quality, based on adequate food consumption by all infants, must be achieved by communities, especially in urban areas and for older mothers.