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    Determination of levetiracetam in human plasma by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
    (Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Psiquiatria, 2016) Steinhorst Alcantara, Greyce Kelly; Calixto, Leandro Augusto [UNIFESP]; Beraldo de Moraes, Luiz Alberto; Costa Queiroz, Regina Helena; Moraes de Oliveira, Anderson Rodrigo; de Gaitani, Cristiane Masetto
    Levetiracetam (LEV) is an antiepileptic drug that is clinically effective in generalized and partial epilepsy syndromes. The use of this drug has been increasing in clinical practice and intra- or -interindividual variability has been exhibited for special population. For this reason, bioanalytical methods are required for drug monitoring in biological matrices. So this work presents a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (DLLME-GC-MS) for LEV quantification in human plasma. However, due to the matrix complexity a previous purification step is required. Unlike other pretreatment techniques presented in the literature, for the first time, a procedure employing ultrafiltration tubes Amicon (R) (10 kDa porous size) without organic solvent consumption was developed. GC-MS analyses were carried out using a linear temperature program, capillary fused silica column, and helium as the carrier gas. DLLME optimized parameters were type and volume of extraction and dispersing solvents, salt addition, and vortex agitation time. Under chosen parameters (extraction solvent: chloroform, 130 mu L