Navegando por Palavras-chave "Taurine"

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    Does an energy drink modify the effects of alcohol in a maximal effort test?
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004-09-01) Ferreira, Sionaldo Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio de [UNIFESP]; Rossi, Marcio Vinícius [UNIFESP]; Souza-Formigoni, Maria Lucia Oliveira de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: There are popular reports on the combined use of alcohol and energy drinks (such as Red Bull(R) and similar beverages, which contain caffeine, taurine, carbohydrates, etc.) to reduce the depressant effects of alcohol on central nervous system, but no controlled studies have been performed. the main purpose of this study was to verify the effects of alcohol, and alcohol combined with energy drink, on the performance of volunteers in a maximal effort test (cycle ergometer) and also on physiological indicators (oxygen uptake, ventilatory threshold, respiratory exchange rate, heart rate, and blood pressure), biochemical variables (glucose, lactate, insulin, cortisol, ACTH, dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline), and blood alcohol levels.Methods: Fourteen healthy subjects completed a double-blind protocol made up of four sessions: control (water), alcohol (1.0 g/kg), energy drink (3.57 ml/kg Red Bull(R)), and alcohol + energy drink, each 1 week apart. the effort test began 60 min after drug or control ingestion, and the dependent variables were measured until 60 min after the test.Results: Heart rate at the ventilatory threshold was higher in the alcohol and alcohol + energy drink sessions in comparison with control and energy drink sessions. Although in comparison to the control session, the peak oxygen uptake was 5.0% smaller after alcohol ingestion, 1.4% smaller after energy drink, and 2.7% smaller after the combined ingestion, no significant differences were detected. Lactate levels (30 min after drug ingestion, 30 and 60 min after the effort test) and noradrenaline levels (30 min after the effort test) were higher in the alcohol and alcohol + energy drink sessions compared with the control session.Conclusions: the performance in the maximal effort test observed after alcohol + energy drink ingestion was similar to that observed after alcohol only. No significant differences between alcohol and alcohol + energy drink were detected in the physiological and biochemical parameters analyzed. Our findings suggest that energy drinks, at least in the tested doses, did not improve performance or reduce alterations induced by acute alcohol ingestion.
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    Effects of energy drink ingestion on alcohol intoxication
    (Blackwell Publishing, 2006-04-01) Ferreira, Sionaldo Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio de [UNIFESP]; Pompeia, Sabine [UNIFESP]; Souza-Formigoni, Maria Lucia Oliveira de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: Well-known reports suggest that the use of energy drinks might reduce the intensity of the depressant effects of alcohol. However, there is little scientific evidence to support this hypothesis.Objective and Methods: the present study aimed at evaluating the effects of the simultaneous ingestion of an alcohol (vodka(37.5%v/v)) and an energy drink (Red Bull((R))-3.57 mL/kg), compared with those presented after the ingestion of an alcohol or an energy drink alone. Twenty-six young healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to 2 groups that received 0.6 or 1.0 g/kg alcohol, respectively. They all completed 3 experimental sessions in random order, 7 days apart: alcohol alone, energy drink alone, or alcohol plus energy drink. We evaluated the volunteers' breath alcohol concentration, subjective sensations of intoxication, objective effects on their motor coordination, and visual reaction time.Results: When compared with the ingestion of alcohol alone, the ingestion of alcohol plus energy drink significantly reduced subjects' perception of headache, weakness, dry mouth, and impairment of motor coordination. However, the ingestion of the energy drink did not significantly reduce the deficits caused by alcohol on objective motor coordination and visual reaction time. the ingestion of the energy drink did not alter the breath alcohol concentration in either group.Conclusions: Even though the subjective perceptions of some symptoms of alcohol intoxication were less intense after the combined ingestion of the alcohol plus energy drink, these effects were not detected in objective measures oh motor coordination and visual reaction tune, as well as on the breath alcohol concentration.
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    Mechanisms of insulin secretion in malnutrition: modulation by amino acids in rodent models
    (Springer, 2011-04-01) Oliveira, Camila Aparecida Machado de [UNIFESP]; Latorraca, Marcia Queiroz; Rostom de Mello, Maria Alice; Carneiro, Everardo Magalhaes; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Univ Fed Mato Grosso UFMT; Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Protein restriction at early stages of life reduces beta-cell volume, number of insulin-containing granules, insulin content and release by pancreatic islets in response to glucose and other secretagogues, abnormalities similar to those seen in type 2 diabetes. Amino acids are capable to directly modulate insulin secretion and/or contribute to the maintenance of beta-cell function, resulting in an improvement of insulin release. Animal models of protein malnutrition have provided important insights into the adaptive mechanisms involved in insulin secretion in malnutrition. in this review, we discuss studies focusing on the modulation of insulin secretion by amino acids, specially leucine and taurine, in rodent models of protein malnutrition. Leucine supplementation increases insulin secretion by pancreatic islets in malnourished mice. This effect is at least in part due to increase in the expression of proteins involved in the secretion process, and the activation of the PI3K/PKB/mTOR pathway seems also to contribute. Mice supplemented with taurine have increased insulin content and secretion as well as increased expression of genes essential for beta-cell functionality. the knowledge of the mechanisms through which amino acids act on pancreatic beta-cells to stimulate insulin secretion is of interest for clinical medicine. It can reveal new targets for the development of drugs toward the treatment of endocrine diseases, in special type 2 diabetes.
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    Padrão de uso de bebidas energéticas em praticantes de atividades físicas
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009-12-15) Monteiro, Alyson Roberto Batista [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Sionaldo Eduardo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7730654028676766; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2833243613859151; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Observou-se recentemente uma rápida popularização do consumo de bebidas energéticas (BE) a base de cafeína e taurina, que segundo seus produtores, foram criadas para incrementar a resistência física, proporcionar reações mais rápidas e melhorar a concentração e estado de alerta mental, promover sensação de bem estar, estimular o metabolismo e ajudar a eliminar substâncias nocivas ao organismo. Há poucos estudos investigando os efeitos fisiológicos do exercício físico após a ingestão de BE. Relatos de morte após consumo de BE e álcool levantam polêmicas em relação às informações direcionadas aos consumidores, incluindo suas contra-indicações, gerando controvérsias a respeito de seus reais efeitos. Por outro lado, alguns estudos sugerem melhora do desempenho psicomotor e do estado de humor após ingestão de BE e seus componentes. Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência de uso de BE entre praticantes de atividades físicas; verificar a freqüência de possíveis alterações comportamentais, fisiológicas e psicológicas relatadas pelos usuários; e investigar a frequência de uso de outros tipos de BE e/ou estimulantes por esta população, através do uso de um questionário padrão. Resultados: A maior parte da amostra relatou fazer uso de BE tanto isoladamente (94,5%) como em combinação com bebidas alcoólicas (70,9%). Após a ingestão de bebida energética pura, 60% dos entrevistados relataram não sentir nenhuma alteração, no entanto 23,6% relataram aumento do vigor físico e 2,7% insônia. Quando ingeridas em combinação com álcool, 12,7% dos entrevistados relataram insônia, 25,4% aumento da alegria, 41% aumento da euforia, 14,5% desinibição e 8,1% aumento do vigor físico. Entre os compostos associados à prática de atividades física, as BE apresentam 19% de ocasiões de uso, entre outros compostos destacam-se o uso de isotônicos (28%), suplementos alimentares à base de aminoácidos e proteínas (16,3%), suplementos alimentares à base de carboidratos (18%) e creatina (6,3%). Discussão: Os resultados do presente estudo corroboram a alta prevalência de uso combinado de BE com bebidas alcoólicas, indicando que as BE vêm sendo utilizadas para potencializar os efeitos estimulantes e reduzir os efeitos depressores do álcool. Apesar de o presente estudo ter sido realizado em locais associados à prática de atividades físicas, o número de usuários de bebidas energéticas associadas a está prática foi relativamente baixo (19%), sendo sua maior incidência de uso em festas (69%) e casas noturnas (44,5%), percebendo-se sua alta prevalência do uso com objetivo de manter-se acordado (33,6%). Em relação ao uso de outros compostos associados à prática de atividades físicas, os principais objetivos observados foram: aumento de massa muscular (28%), obter mais energia (27,2%) e reposição hídrica (15,4%). Considerações finais: Outros estudos precisam ser realizados abordando o uso de BE e atividade física, padronizando o tipo, intensidade, protocolo e duração do exercício, analisando variáveis metabólicas, hemodinâmicas e de capacidades físicas para que dados mais confiáveis sejam produzidos.
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    Stress during development alters anxiety-like behavior and hippocampal neurotransmission in male and female rats
    (Elsevier B.V., 2012-01-01) Barbosa Neto, Jair B. [UNIFESP]; Tiba, Paula A. [UNIFESP]; Faturi, Claudia B. [UNIFESP]; Castro-Neto, Eduardo F. de [UNIFESP]; Naffah-Mazacoratti, Maria da Graca [UNIFESP]; Maria, Jair de Jesus [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marcelo F. de [UNIFESP]; Suchecki, Deborah [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)
    Epidemiological data indicate that early stress increases vulnerability to psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. in the present study we sought to investigate the long-term behavioral and neurochemical consequences of increased and sustained corticosterone levels induced by a 24 h bout of maternal deprivation (DEP) imposed on postnatal day 11 (DEP11). As adults, animals were exposed to the elevated plus maze for assessment of anxiety-like behavior and corticosterone response to this challenge, or decapitated for determination of monoamines and amino acid neurotransmitters content in the hippocampus by HPLC method. the results showed that DEP11 male and female rats displayed increased time in the central hub of the maze and more risk assessment behavior, reflecting increased anxiety-like behavior; in addition, these animals continuously secreted corticosterone in response to the behavioral test until the latest time-point, e.g., 60 min post-stress. in males, maternal deprivation increased aspartate and glutamate levels and reduced taurine levels compared to non-deprived (NDEP) rats. DEP11 females displayed reduced noradrenaline, aspartate and GABA levels compared to NDEP counterparts. These results indicate that maternal deprivation at 11 days of age produced changes in hippocampal neurotransmission that may mediate the increased anxiety-like behavior observed in male and female deprived rats.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Anxiety and Depression'. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.