Navegando por Palavras-chave "Sex differences"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosAssessment of the differences in masticatory behavior between male and female adolescents(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) de Oliveira Scudine, Kelly Guedes; Pedroni-Pereira, Aline; Araujo, Darlle Santos; de Almeida Prado, Daniela Galvao; Rossi, Ana Claudia; Castelo, Paula Midori [UNIFESP]Chewing behavior may show sex differences
- ItemSomente MetadadadosGender Differences in Outcomes after Ischemic Stroke: Role of Ischemic Lesion Volume and Intracranial Large-Artery Occlusion(Karger, 2010-01-01) Silva, Gisele Sampaio [UNIFESP]; Lima, Fabricio O.; Camargo, Erica C. S.; Smith, Wade S.; Lev, Michael H.; Harris, Gordon J.; Halpern, Elkan F.; Koroshetz, Walter; Furie, Karen L.; Massachusetts Gen Hosp; Harvard Univ; Univ Calif San Francisco; Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background: the reasons for gender disparities in stroke outcome remain unclear, and little is known about the value of acute neuroimaging characteristics in elucidating differential stroke outcomes between the sexes. Methods: We prospectively evaluated consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke. CT angiography (CTA) was performed in all patients within 24 h of symptom onset. CTA source images were used to evaluate lesion volume. the primary outcome measure was a modified Rankin scale (mRS) score >= 3 at 6 months. Results: We evaluated 676 consecutive patients (322 women). Women were older than men (p < 0.01), more frequently had a prestroke mRS >0 (p < 0.01), and had higher admission National Institutes of Health Stroke scale scores (p = 0.01). More women had intracranial artery occlusions than men (46 vs. 33.1%, p = 0.01), but there was no significant difference between ischemic lesion volumes (p = 0.21). Using multiple regression, female gender remained an independent predictor of poor mRS scores at 6 months (odds ratio 1.57; 95% confidence interval 1.02-2.36) after adjustment for clinical and imaging covariates. Conclusion: Compared with men, women are less likely to achieve independence after acute ischemic stroke. the disparity in stroke outcome is not explained by differences in ischemic lesion volume or the presence of intracranial artery occlusions. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Impact of sex on hyperalgesia induced by sleep loss(Elsevier B.V., 2011-01-01) Araujo, Paula [UNIFESP]; Mazaro-Costa, Renata; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Andersen, Monica Levy [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)This study evaluated the impact of sex on the short term consequences of different periods of sleep deprivation and the effect of the respective sleep recovery periods on nociceptive responses. Male and female C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the following groups: paradoxical sleep deprived (PSD) for 72 h, sleep restricted (SR) for 15 days, exposed to respective recovery periods for 24 h, or untreated home-cage controls (CTRL). Mice were submitted to a noxious thermal stimulus to evaluate their nociceptive response after PSD, SR, or recovery periods. Blood was collected for hormonal analysis. the nociceptive response was significantly lower in PSD and SR mice compared to CTRL animals, regardless of the sex. However, SR females had a lower paw withdrawal threshold than males. Sleep recovery was able to restore normal nociceptive sensitivity after PSD in both sexes. the hyperalgesia induced by SR was not reversed by sleep rebound. in females, low concentrations of estradiol were found after SR, and these concentrations continued to decrease after 24 hours of sleep recovery. the PSD male mice exhibited higher concentrations of corticosterone than the CTRL and SR male mice. Corticosterone levels were not affected by SR. Our study revealed that PSD and SR induce hyperalgesia in mice. the SR groups showed marked changes in the nociceptive response, and the females were more sensitive to these alterations. This finding indicates that, although different periods of sleep deprivation change the nociceptive sensitivity in male and female mice, sex could influence hyperalgesia induced by chronic sleep loss. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSex differences in blood pressure responses to mental stress are abolished after a single bout of exercise: underlying hemodynamic mechanisms(Springer, 2014-05-01) Vianna, Lauro C.; Silva, Bruno M. [UNIFESP]; Nobrega, Antonio Claudio L.; Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)We aimed to investigate whether the pressor responses to mental stress (MS) are exaggerated in men due to heightened cardiac responses, before and after a bout of exercise. Fifteen men and 19 women underwent a protocol consisting of blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO) and forearm vascular assessments at baseline and during MS, and these measurements were performed before and 60 min after a bout of exercise. Before exercise, BP response was significantly augmented in men (Delta 16 +/- A 2 mmHg) compared to women (Delta 11 +/- A 1 mmHg). This BP response was accompanied by greater increases in CO in men and similar vascular responses between sexes. After exercise, BP and CO responses to MS were attenuated in men and, consequently, no sex differences were observed. Vascular responses were not affected by exercise. the mechanism underlying the lack of sex differences in BP response to MS after exercise was found to be a marked attenuation in CO in men only.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSex differences in the mediators of functional disability in Major Depressive Disorder(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Carmona, Nicole E.; Subramaniapillai, Mehala; Mansur, Rodrigo B. [UNIFESP]; Cha, Danielle S.; Lee, Yena; Fus, Dominika; McIntyre, Roger S.The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in discrete domains of psychopathology as mediators of functional disability among individuals with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Adults (ages 18-65) with moderate-to-severe MDD (n = 100) and age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HC; n = 100) participated in a clinical trial validating the THINC-integrated tool, a newly developed cognitive assessment tool for patients with MDD. Variables assessed as possible mediators included depression symptom severity, anxiety symptoms, sleep disturbance, perceived cognitive deficits, and objective cognitive performance. Functional disability was assessed using the total score on the Sheehan Disability Scale. Separate mediation analyses were conducted for men and women. No significant differences were detected between men and women on the assessed domains of psychopathology or functional disability (ps > 0.05). However, the mediation analyses demonstrated different patterns with respect to determinants of functional disability in MDD between men and women. Functional disability was mediated by anxiety (95% CI: -3.17,-0.28) and sleep disturbance (95% CI: -0.69,-0.05) among men and by depressive symptom severity (95% CI: -7.82,-0.32) among women. These preliminary results instantiate the need to dimensionalize psychopathology in MDD. Our results at least in part support the hypothesis that, consistent with the sex differences in the prevalence and illness presentation of MDD, determinants of functional outcomes also differ between men and women, underscoring the need to consider sex differences in order to improve functional outcomes in the treatment of MDD.