Navegando por Palavras-chave "Risk Perception"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosPercepção de risco e impactos ambientais: um estudo sobre o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos de serviços de saúde(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-12-02) Santos, Ezequiel Vieira Dos [UNIFESP]; Farias, Luciana Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São PauloThe management of health services waste has become a socio-environmental problem over the years, leading to the need for the creation of specific legislation, in addition to the inspection of competent bodies. On the other hand, studies have been identifying the risks to which the workers who handle such residues are exposed, as well as the difficulty in the management of this type of material, evidencing that the organizations of the health area have not been reaching satisfactory results in relation to what is recommended by the legislation and, consequently, not guaranteeing the correct management of the residues for not reaching the established goals. Such situations can lead to onerous fines, risks and damages to those involved in the handling and management of waste, in addition to bureaucratizing a process that impacts the results of the organizations. In this context, the present study presented as an objective a survey of the risk perception of the workers who carry out the handling of solid residues of health of a hospital unit that serves the specialties of maternity and emergency. This research had a qualitative character, in the form of a case study, and for the realization of the proposal, a structured questionnaire was applied with questions of free answer and questions with Likert scale (5 points), identifying the potential risks to the workers who handle the waste and how they perceived or not these risks, participatory observation of how the existing waste management programs contributed to this perception of risk and the socio-environmental impacts arising from this management system. As a theoretical reference to guide this work, the concepts of risk present in Slovic works were used. As a result of this work, it became evident that the workers' perception varies according to some factors, these being the time that the worker is exposed to solid waste handling, the structure that is provided by the organization in terms of infrastructure and supporting documentation. However, even with this variation in risk perception, the people involved in solid waste management presented previous knowledge of what they would be and the consequences that can be generated by inadequate handling. Even so, it became evident that there is a gap of knowledge between the management levels that is responsible for providing resources for the execution of tasks, and the operational level, which uses the structure provided by the management level. The understanding of the protocols, as well as the infrastructure provided, are critical factors regarding the risks employed with solid health waste, since the understanding of the protocols is subjective or not understandable by the operational level, and the structure is not adequate to the amount of waste generated by the organization.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPercepções de risco de doenças transmitidas por alimentos: desvelando o habitus do trabalhador de cozinha de restaurantes comerciais(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-08-25) Freitas, Rayane Stephanie Gomes de [UNIFESP]; Stedefeldt, Elke [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5590674723055512; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7717879132022004; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Foodborne Diseases (FBD) outbreaks can be caused by food handlers’ inappropriate behaviors and practices. Food handlers act in the social world as from a habitus, which is forged throughout their lives. Therefore, their risk perception is permeated by social influences. The objectives of this study were: to verify how the habitus of food handlers of commercial restaurants conditions their risk perception regarding the occurrence of FBD; to evaluate the risk perception of FBD in food handlers and related phenomena such as optimistic bias, illusion of control and locus of control; and to understand how life trajectory influences the risk perception of food handlers and good practices. This study has a delineation of mixed methods with a predominantly qualitative character. The main strategies used were ethnography and participant observation, that was carried out in six commercial restaurants, also called microcosm, of two Brazilian cities during 42 days. Data about foodservice infrastructure, location, details about the agents, their speeches, nonverbal communications, interpersonal relationship, work routine and relation with food safety were written in field diaries. It was observed 68 workers. A food handler from each restaurant was selected, composing a sample of six agents, where a Risk Perception Scale (PRE) and a Control Locus Questionnaire (QCI) were applied, which helped to obtain data regarding cognitive illusions. This sample also responded to an open interview on life trajectory and a semi-structured interview on habitus and risk perception. Content analysis of the thematic type was used to elucidate data from the diaries and descriptive analysis was used for interviews. PRE and LCQ were analyzed according to methods already cited in the literature and in the frequency of the responses. The experience and heritage of social class, regional culture, as well as the lack of contact with scientific contents that aim at food safety are components of the kitchen worker's habitus and stand out in everyday practices. Habitus unconsciously dictates how these agents act in the face of the risk of FBD occurrence. Late socializations in environments that adopt good practices, and in which all actors have a similar vision toward food safety, tend to provide agents with a sharper risk perception. We suggest that the permanence in fields where the aspects about the practicality and hurry in the accomplishment of the service, infrastructure, number of employees, the example of employers and employees and the noise seems to be unbalanced, incorporate in the habitus dispositions misaligned to the sanitary norms, which may increase the risk of FBD. Shallow knowledge can be the gateway to cognitive illusions. Social factors have also proved to be significant, since the employer-employee relationship, peer cooperation, management capable of developing a hygienic-sanitary environment, capital from the three sources, and changes in each microcosm emerged in the moments of decision regarding the risks of FBD.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Transformando a realidade pela Educação Ambiental: Estudo de caso do curso Percepção de Riscos e Adaptação às Mudanças do Clima(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2023) Pontalti, Débora [UNIFESP]; Michelle, Luana [UNIFESP]; Pampolha, Michelle Souza [UNIFESP]; Mazzoni, Alessandro Mendonça; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5462424587820607; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5887578088213323; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3478313190340077; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)A Carta da Terra defende a ideia de que todos os indivíduos pertencem a mesma comunidade de vida, portanto, todos compartilham a responsabilidade de preservar e melhorar o mundo onde se vive. Contudo, a contínua expansão das cidades, seu adensamento populacional e os impactos socioambientais decorrentes têm comprometido o meio ambiente e a saúde ambiental. O curso Percepção de Risco e Adaptação às Mudanças do Clima, oferecido no distrito de Capão Redondo, zona sul de São Paulo, buscava potencializar e disseminar informações sobre os valores da Carta da Terra e mitigar riscos associados às mudanças do clima, por meio da formação de agentes multiplicadores. Cursaram esta formação 39 participantes, em sua grande maioria educadores da rede pública, que moram ou atuam na região de Campo Limpo. Segundo as avaliações preenchidas ao final do curso, os conteúdos trabalhados proporcionaram aos participantes ferramentas capazes de ampliar o conhecimento sobre seu território e contribuiu para o despertar de outras formas de uso e ocupação do solo, visando a prevenção de acidentes. Desta forma, conclui-se que o objetivo inicial do curso foi alcançado, ao munir os cidadãos de instrumentos e ferramentas que auxiliem a dirimir os impactos sociais e ambientais do território onde vivem e atuam.